新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第二册 Unit 10 Section B Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima1.ppt

reading skillsreading skillstest yourselftext b n h c e forty-three secondsforty-three seconds over hiroshimaover hiroshima n h c e introductionintroduction practicepractice like the other skills for your use, the skill like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.better able in reading. this practice is designed to help you this practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.this unit. reading skillsreading skills 自测课文 introductionintroduction denotation (本义) and connotation (言外之意 ) both denotation and connotation refer to the meanings of words. denotation is the literal meaning of a wordwhat we find in a dictionary. connotation, on the other hand, is the implied meaning of a wordwhat a word suggests to us, or what it makes us feel or think. the word “die”, for example, means “stop living” in denotation. but in the 随 笔 阅读实践 自测课文 back n h c e introductionintroduction sentence “some die at 30 but are not buried until theyre 70”, the word “die” connotes “stop living spiritually” or “stop growing intellectually”. in unit 5 book 2, we talked about understanding figurative language. in order to fully understand figurative language, or figures of speech, we need to be aware of the context in which the words appear. n h c e 自测课文 back 随 笔 阅读实践 introductionintroduction generally speaking, the more we perceive the connotations of the words, the more we can understand how a writer wants us to feel or think. look at the following sentences taken from passage a, paying close attention to the underlined words. these words all have clear denotations, but each has a number of connotations. given after each sentence are the denotation of the underlined word and its connotations. n h c e 自测课文 back 随 笔 阅读实践 introductionintroduction night after night, in the hot summer and early fall of 1940, a deep, steady voice came over the atlantic ocean from england to america, telling of englands battle for survival under the waves of german bombers. (para. 1) n h c e example 1 example 1 自测课文 back 随 笔 阅读实践 introductionintroduction denotation: _ _ connotation: _ _ _ n h c e explanationexplanation a line of water that rises up on the surface of the sea, lake, river, etc. a quick succession of a certain intense activity (it has a rough, stormy, and unpleasant sense.) wave: 自测课文 back 随 笔 阅读实践 introductionintroduction n h c e example 2 example 2 on september 7, 1940, nearly four hundred german bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight. (para. 6) 自测课文 back 随 笔 阅读实践 introductionintroduction denotation: _ _ connotation: _ _ _ n h c e explanationexplanationhammer: strike or beat as with the repeated blows, or the force of a hammer attack with great force (it also has a sense of forcefulness and heavy casualty.) 自测课文 back 随 笔 阅读实践 practicepractice 阅读技巧 n h c e directions: read the following sentences taken from passage b, paying close attention to the underlined words, each of which has a number of connotations. write the denotation of the word and its connotation in the context. 自测课文 back 随 笔 practicepractice n h c e 1. a white dot appeared in the sky, as small and innocent-looking as a slip of paper. it was falling away from the plane, drifting down toward them. (para. 2) denotation: _ connotation: _ _ _ _ _ move slowly on water or in the air it has a sense of falling in a casual and aimless manner. used in this context, this verb stresses the shocking consequence that this innocent-looking white dot was to cause. 自测课文 back 阅读技巧随 笔 practicepractice n h c e 2. kaz was flung to the ground so violently that her two front teeth broke off; she had sunk into unconsciousness. (para. 3) denotation: _ connotation: _ _ go down below the surface of water gradually get into a worse state (it has a sense of helplessness.) 自测课文 back 阅读技巧随 笔 practicepractice n h c e 3. what had been a luxury home in that sector of the city came thundering down. (para. 3) denotation: _ connotation: _ _ _. make a loud noise like a thunder this verb implies a sense of overpowering or overwhelming under the attack of the nuclear bomb 自测课文 back 阅读技巧随 笔 practicepractice n h c e 4. what remained of the life he had made was blown to bits, though his home was more than a mile from ground zero. (para. 6) denotation: _ connotation: _ _ _. destroy or ruin the verb implies that life is of complete powerlessness and insignificance in face of such massive destruction 自测课文 back 阅读技巧随 笔 practicepractice n h c e 5. for a moment, he stood swaying at the ruins of the gate. kaz stared at him. (para. 7) denotation: _ _ connotation: _ _ _. move slowly from side to side or backwards and forwards the verb implies that the man was made extremely sick and weak as a result of excess exposure to burning and radiation 自测课文 back 阅读技巧随 笔 practicepractice n h c e 6. her gums and her bowels were bleeding. she looked like a ghost. (para.9) denotation: _ connotation: _ _ _. the soul of a dead person it implies that the person is extremely weakened. it has a sense of horror and misery 自测课文 back 阅读技巧随 笔 n h c e new wordsnew words1 questions previewingquestions previewing 2 2 texttext reading reading 3 choice makingchoice making 4 text b 自测技巧 n h c e 1. dotn./vt. c点；小圆点/加小点 2. drift vi. 飘动；漂流 3. explode vi. 爆炸; 急剧增加，激增 4. lightning n. u 闪电 5. outward ad. 向外 6. weed v. 除杂草 7. underclothes n. (pl.) 内衣；贴身衣服 8. stagger vi. 蹒跚；摇晃 9. expose vi. 使暴露；揭露，将暴光 自测技巧back 随 笔 问题预览课文阅读 new words 阅读理解 n h c e c 席子；垫子 n.16. mat 宽敞的 a.14. roomy c 继承人 n.13. heir 打雷；发出雷鸣声；u雷；雷声 vi./n. 12. thunder 榻榻米(日本人房内地板上稻草垫） n. 17. tatami c 布局；安排 n.15. layout c区域；c部门;行业 n.11. sector 奢华的；u 奢华；c 奢侈品 a./n. 10. luxury 暴露的；未受保护的 a. exposed 自测技巧back new words 随 笔 问题预览课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e （使）愈合；（使）康复 v.26. heal 摇摆；摇动 vi.23. sway c 绷带 n.22. bandage c 一瞥 n.21. glimpse 心神不安的；担心的 a.25. uneasy c 山坡；c 斜坡 n.24. slope c 小伙子 n.20. chap u 肉；果肉 n.19. flesh c 肢；翼 n. 18. limb 自测技巧back new words 随 笔 问题预览课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e u（核）辐射 n.27. radiation c 不良后果；副作用 n.33. after-effect c 幽灵；鬼 n.32. ghost (s) 肠 n.31. bowel 历史上的 a.34. historical c 牙龈；u 口香糖 n.30. gum 头晕目眩的 a. 29. dizzy 原子的 a.28. atomic 自测技巧back new words 随 笔 问题预览课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e break off (使）折断；中止，中断 sink into 恶化，陷入更糟糕的状态 wanting in sth. 某物不足；缺少某物 expect sth. of sb. 对某人有期望；指望某人做 remain of 从留下；剩下 make for 朝走去；朝前进 take sb. in 收留；收容 be seized with 被(强烈感情)影响或支配 give way to 被取代 自测技巧back new words 随 笔 问题预览课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e go into 陷入 hiroshima 广岛(日本海港城市） kaz tanaka 田中和子（日本女子名） los alamos 洛斯阿拉莫斯 自测技巧back new words 随 笔 问题预览课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e 生词学习 questions previewing introductionintroduction: for you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “fast reading”, text b can serve to be your fast- reading material. but, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming. thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. that is where the “question previewing” comes in. 自测技巧back 随 笔 课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e questions previewing 1. it took a long time for the atomic bomb to fall down and explode. 2. japanese people hadnt expected such a disaster until it really happened. 3. kaz was born in america and brought back to japan by her father. 4. kazs father moved to america with his family in the early 1920s because they couldnt make a living in japan. 自测技巧back 生词学习随 笔 课文阅读阅读理解 n h c e questions previewing 5. life in kazs family was a little different from that in most other japanese families because it was flavored with american ways of life. 6. kaz became very ill because she was seriously burned. 7. kazs father and brother died not long after the blast. 8. fortunately, kazs disease was cured finally. 自测技巧back 生词学习随 笔 课文阅读阅读理解 问题预览 n h c e 自测技巧back forty-three seconds over hiroshima para. 1 on a brilliant summers morning in 1945, kaz tanaka looked up into the sky over hiroshima and saw the beginning of the end of her world. she was 18. chinese 生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 2 a white dot appeared in the sky, as small and innocent-looking as a slip of paper. it was falling away from the plane, drifting down toward them. the journey took a mere 43 seconds. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 1 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 3a the air exploded in blinding lightning and color, the rays shooting outward as in a childs drawing of the sun, and kaz was flung to the ground so violently that her two front teeth broke off; she had sunk into unconsciousness. kazs father had been out back weeding the vegetables in his underclothes. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 2 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 3b when he came staggering out of the garden, blood was running from his nose and mouth. by the next day the exposed parts of his body had turned a chocolate brown. what had been a luxury home in that sector of the city came thundering down. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 4a that life had been a comfortable one, wanting in nothingat least, not until the war. kazs father had been born to a family of some wealth and social position in hiroshima, and had emigrated to america in the early 1920s in the spirit of adventure, not of need or flight; he never intended to stay. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 4 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 4b he moved back to hiroshima at 40; it was expected of him as the sole male heir to their name. but he brought his american baby girl with him, and a lifestyle flavored with american ways. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 3statement 5 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 5a the house he built was a roomy one. there was a courtyard in front of the place and two gardens in back, one to provide vegetables, one to delight the eye in the formal japanese layout. one of the two living rooms was american, with easy chairs instead of mats or tatami, and so were the kitchen and bathroom chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 5 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 5b dinner was japanese, with the family sitting on the floor in the traditional way. breakfast was american, pancakes or bacon or ham and eggs, taken at the kitchen table. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 6 what remained of the life he had made was blown to bits, though his home was more than a mile from ground zero. he was working on the side facing zero, and had the front of his body and limbs burned. his flesh, when kaz touched him, had the soft feel of a boiled tomato. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 6 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 7a kaz was anxiously waiting for the return of another member of her family when a tall chap appeared where the gate had been. “hes back!” she shouted; her brother, at six feet tall, towered over most japanese men, and she knew at a glimpse that it was him. but when she drew closer, she could barely recognize him through his wounds. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 7b his school had fallen down around him. he had struggled to a medical station. they had splashed some medicine on the wounds, tied them with a bandage and sent him on his way. for a moment, he stood swaying at the ruins of the gate. kaz stared at him. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 8a later, when night fell, kaz and her brother made for the mountains; a friend from kazs factory lived in a village on the slope of a hill behind the city and had offered to take them in. it was midnight by the time they found her place. kaz looked back. the city was on fire. she felt uneasy, seized with fear, not for herself but for her parents. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 7 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 8b she left her brother behind, and dashed down the slope of the hill toward the flames. the streets were filled with the dead and barely living. she kept on running, knowing only that she had to be home. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 7 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 9a kazs family had been luckier than most. her father with his burns had to lie outdoors on a tatami, but her brothers wounds refused to heal. as the others were recovering, kaz fell ill with all the symptoms of radiation sickness. the disease was a frightening result of the atomic bomb. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 7 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 9b scientists in los alamos were surprised by its extent; they thought the blast would do most of the killing. kaz felt as if she were dying. she ran a fever. she felt sick and dizzy, almost drunk. her gums and her bowels were bleeding. she looked like a ghost. “im next,” she thought realistically; chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back chinese para. 9c she was an eighteen- year-old girl waiting her turn to die. no medicine worked, since the only known treatment for radiation sickness was rest. as winter gave way to spring and spring to summer, kaz began to heal. 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 n h c e 自测技巧back para. 10 the illness had not really left her; it had gone into hiding, instead, and the physical and mental after-effects of that historical august 6, 1945, would trouble kaz all the rest of her life. chinese 问题预览生词学习随 笔 阅读理解 statement 8 n h c e 自测技巧back directions: decide whether the following statements are true (t) or false (f) according to the text. ( ) 1. it took a long time for the atomic bomb to fall down and explode. f 课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔 refer to para. 2 n h c e 自测技巧back ( ) 2. japanese people hadnt expected such a disaster until it really happened. t 课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔 ( ) 3. kaz was born in america and brought back to japan by her father. t refer to para. 3 refer to para. 4b n h c e 自测技巧back ( ) 4. kazs father moved to america with his family in the early 1920s because they couldnt make a living in japan. ( ) 5. life in kazs family was a little different from that in most other japanese families because it was flavored with american ways of life. f t 课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔 refer to para. 4a refer to para. 4b you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested (无利害关系的) desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race. dramatic 短文听力 随 笔 back课文技巧 dramatic unwisesufficient ceasesrequired inventions contribute entirelyadequatedisposed inadequate attributeenormously corresponding complexity n h c e therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments (增强) our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil, if our purposes are 10 _.unwise 短文听力 随 笔 back课文技巧 dramatic unwisesufficient ceasesrequired inventions contribute entirelyadequatedisposed inadequate attributeenormously corresponding complexity end n h c e 广岛上空的43秒 para. 1 1945年夏天，一个阳光灿烂的早晨， 田中和子抬头向广岛上空望去，看见了预示 她的世界快要结束的前兆。当年她才18岁。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 2 天空中出现了一个白点，像一张纸一 样大小、一样地洁白无害。小白点从飞机上 落下来，朝着她们飘去。整个过程只用了43 秒钟。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 3a 天空中爆发出眩目的闪电和色 彩，喷射出的一道道光就像孩子画笔下的 一道道阳光。和子被重重地摔在了地上， 磕掉了两颗门牙。她陷入了昏迷。和子的 父亲穿着内衣裤在屋外后院的菜地里除草 。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 3b 当他摇摇晃晃走出菜园时，鼻 子和嘴里都流着血。第二天，他身上裸 露的部位变成了巧克力一样的棕色。这 幢曾经是城里这个地区的豪宅，如今已 轰然倒塌。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 4a 他们的生活曾经是很舒适的，什 么都不缺至少在战争爆发前是如此。 和子的父亲出生在广岛一个殷实、有一定 社会地位的家庭，20世纪20年代初移居美 国，不是因为贫穷或者逃亡，而是冒险精 神使然。但他从来没打算留在那里。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 4b 40岁时他又把家搬回了广岛。 他作为这个姓氏的唯一男性继承人，家人 都盼望他回到广岛。但是他把在美国出生 、尚在襁褓中的女儿及带有美国情调的生 活方式也一起带了回来。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 5a 他的房子很宽敞。屋前有个院 子，屋后有两个花园 一个用来种菜， 另一个设计得合乎日本传统，供观赏用。 两个起居室里有一间是美式摆设，摆放着 沙发，而不是垫子或榻榻米。厨房和浴室 也是美国风格。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 5b 正餐是日式的，全家人按照传 统方式坐在地板上用餐。早餐则是美式 的，煎饼或熏猪肉或火腿加鸡蛋，坐在 餐桌旁吃。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 6 尽管他家与原子弹爆炸中心相距1 英里多，但是他所营造的生活中的一切还是 被炸成了碎片。他干活时正面对着爆炸中心 ，因此他的前胸和四肢都被灼伤。和子触摸 他时, 他身上的肉就像煮过的西红柿一样， 软绵绵的。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 7a 当和子焦急地等待着家里另一个成 员回来时，一个高大的小伙子出现在曾经是 大门的地方。她大声叫着：“他回来啦!”她 的弟弟身高6英尺，比大多数日本男子都高 ，她一眼望去就知道是他。但当她走近他时 ，由于他伤痕累累，她简直认不出他了。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 7b 他所在学校的房屋都倒塌了。他 挣扎着走到一个医疗站。他们在他的伤口 上涂了些药，给伤口扎上绷带，然后就送 他上路。他摇摇晃晃地站在已成为一片瓦 砾的门口。和子目不转睛地看着他。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 8a 接着，夜幕降临了，和子和她弟弟 往山里走；和子厂里的一个朋友住在市区后 面一个小山坡上的村子里，表示愿意收留他 们。他们找到朋友的住处时已是半夜了。和 子往身后望去，只见整个城市都在燃烧。她 感到心神不宁，内心充满恐惧，不是为了自 己，而是为了父母。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 8b 她留下弟弟，冲下了山 坡，往熊熊火焰奔去。街上到处都 是死人和奄奄一息的人，她不停地 跑着，只知道自己必须回家。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 9a 和子家比起大多数其他家庭来还算 要幸运些。但她父亲因为身上的灼伤而不得 不躺在户外的榻榻米上，她弟弟的伤口也不 肯愈合。当家里其他人都在康复时，和子却 病倒了，辐射病的症状出现了。这种病是原 子弹爆炸后引起的可怕后果之一。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 9b 洛斯阿拉莫斯实验室的科学家们对原子 弹造成的伤害程度感到吃惊。他们原以为爆炸主 要是致人死亡而已。和子感到自己好像马上要死 了。她发着烧，感到恶心、头昏，就像喝醉了酒 似的。她的牙龈和肠子在出血，看上去就像个鬼 似的。“接下来就轮到我死了，”她想得很现实 。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 9c 她是一个年仅18岁的姑娘， 却在等候死亡。这病无药可治，因为 治疗辐射病的唯一办法就是休息。冬 去春来，春去夏至，和子的病开始好 转起来。 返回自测技巧 n h c e para. 10 但是她的病没法真正除根，只不 过是潜伏起来了而已。历史上这个让人难 忘的1945年8月6日给和子的肉体和精神所 带来的后遗症将她的余生一直折磨她。 返回自测技巧 innocent-looking as a slip of paper: looking as innocent as a