浅析如何创新周记作业的布置方法提高学生写作才能 中英文对照.doc

浅析如何创新周记作业的布置方法提高学生写作才能中英文对照analyses how to innovate zhou ji homework decorate a method to improve students writing ability in both chinese and english contrast全日制义务教育语文课程标准对“写作”给出的诠释是： “写作是运用语言文字进行表达和交流的重要方式，是认识世界、认识自我、进行创造性表述的过程。写作能力是语文素养的综合体现。写作教学应贴近学生实际，让学生易于动笔，乐于表达，应引导学生关注现实、热爱生活，表达真情实感。”这一诠释对于我们做好新课标下的初中写作教学工作提出了明确的要求和指导。但初中学生在实际的写作中，经常会因为平时积累不够，而无法写出东西。让学生写周记，一方面，可以让学生养成认真观察的好习惯，平时多积累写作素材，另一方面也能通过学生写周记来锻炼学生的实际写作水平，这样进行长期的训练，让学生作文写作能力从根本上得到提高。full-time compulsory education chinese curriculum standard to writing of interpretation: writing is to use language to express and communicate important way, is to know the world, self-understanding, for creative expression. the process of writing is the comprehensive manifestation of language literacy. teaching should close to students actual writing, let students easy to write, to express that should guide the student to focus on the reality, love life, to express true feelings. this interpretation for us to do a good job of junior high school writing teaching under the new standard is put forward clear requirements and guidance. but the junior high school students in practical writing, often because of the accumulation of at ordinary times is not enough, and cant write something. let students write diary has, on the one hand, can make students form the good habit of careful observation, so the accumulation of writing material, on the other hand also can pass to keep a weekly diary students to exercise the students actual writing level, so that long-term training, let the students writing ability fundamentally improved. 一、当前初中语文周记存在的问题junior middle school, the current problems existing in the chinese weekly diary 虽然语文周记对于学生写作能力的提高有着重要的作用，但长期以来，很多教师都没有真正地认识到周记对学生写作的促进作用，使学生平时写的周记存在不少的问题。although chinese zhou ji to the improvement of students writing ability has an important role, but for a long time, many teachers do not really recognize the diary has promoting effect of students writing, usually writes zhou ji to make the students exist some problems. 1. 任务繁重，层次水平低1. task heavy, low level 很多教师都是布置了周记作业，让学生多写几篇，这样才算是留了作业。传统的作业功能认为是为了强化技能，巩固知识，教师往往认为让学生写得多，肯定就比不写强，往往每次都布置好几篇周记。这样很容易造成学生本文由论文联盟http:/www.lwlm.com收集整理对写周记缺乏兴趣，写周记也往往是应付老师的作业，要么是随便在作文书上抄点了事，要么是写上三两句，写周记就变成了纯粹的完成作业，一点也起不到提高学生写作水平的作用。many teachers are arrangement of weekly journal assignments, ask students to write a few articles, more it is to keep the job. of traditional thought, in order to strengthen the skills and consolidate the knowledge, teachers tend to think more to let the students write, affirmation is better than dont write, often decorate several dairy entry every time. so it is easy to cause the students the paper by paper union http:/www.lwlm.com collects and lack of interest in weekly diary, written diary has also tended to cope with the teachers job, or is literally in the composition book copy points, either three write his word or two weekly diary becomes a pure finish the homework, dont effect to improve the students writing level. 2. 形式单一，缺乏统整性，结构失调2. the form is single, lack of cohesive, structural imbalance 教师布置的周记写作内容上也存在一定的问题，教师往往是给学生布置统一题目的周记作业，这样的周记作业，很难适合所有学生的实际学习水平。同时，教师让学生写的周记，长期以来，无非总是几个常见的内容，如一件感人的事情，你最熟悉的人等，内容上缺乏创新，特别是初中学生的作文中已经要求写议论文，而周记中很少有要求学生进行议论性书写的，而且大部分学生写的周记内容与其实际生活联系也不紧密。zhou ji assigned by the teacher writing the content also has certain problem, teachers often give students weekly diary unified subject assignment, this diary has homework, to fit all the real learning level of students. at the same time, the teacher let the students to write the weekly diary, for a long time, is always just a few common content, such as a moving thing, you are the most familiar people, such as content lack of innovation, especially in junior middle school students composition has been asked to write what the weekly diary yilunxing few requests the student in writing, and most of the students to write weekly journal content is not closely contact with real life. 3. 缺乏有效的矫正性，作业批改重结论轻过程3. the lack of effective corrective and homework heavy conclusions light process 很多教师对于学生周记的检查，往往是最后看学生写了没有，写了多少。而对于学生写的内容以及写作水平是否有提高重视不够。在学生周记批改中对学生的思路以及题材等都不予点评，不利于全面地考察学生的实际写作水平，造成学生从作业批改中得到的有效信息少。many teachers for students check weekly diary, is often the last to see students wrote no, write how many. for the students to write the content and writing have improved. in corrects student zhou ji to students ideas and themes are not to review, to comprehensively inspect the students actual writing level, caused the student from homework less effective information. 二、提高初中语文周记效果的措施second, the measures to improve the effect of junior middle school language weekly diary 1. 精选周记内容，提高作业水平1. select weekly diary content, improve the level of operation 通过写作周记，提高学生的写作水平，首先就应该在周记内容的选取上下工夫。选取的周记内容应该量少而富有代表性，精选周记写作范围，力求科学、合理和基础，如让学生写观察日记、读后感、小小议论文等。周记的选择还应具有趣味性，能调动学生的写作兴趣。周记内容还应该具有递进性和启发性，学生在完成作业后，可以起到事半功倍和举一反三的效果。例如，在学习完七年级下册的我为少男少女们唱歌之后，可以布置这样的周记作业：诗人不停地歌唱，他的歌声、快乐和思想还长上了翅膀，飞到四面八方。你能说说诗人这样写究竟想表达什么意思吗？通过自己的想象，写一篇描写延安满怀革命理想的青年男女生活的小短文。对于周记的题材，教师要不断地变化，尽量选择学生感兴趣的，比如，针对很多学生都对体育赛事感兴趣的情况，可以让学生写一篇日记，记录一场比赛实况，让学生觉得语文周记不再单调和乏味。through weekly diary writing, improve students writing level, first of all should fluctuate in the weekly diary content selection. select weekly diary content should be rich representative but a low quantity, select weekly diary writing scope, strive for scientific, reasonable and foundation, as observed for students to write a diary, journal entry, a small argument, etc. zhou ji choice still should be interesting, can arouse students interest in writing. zhou ji content should also be graduality and inspiring, after finishing homework, students can get twice the result with half the effort and extrapolate the results. after learning in grade seven, for example, part ii of the i sing for boys and girls, can such weekly diary assignment: poets kept singing, his singing, happy and thought also got his wings, flying in all directions. can you tell me about the poet writes really want to say what mean? through your imagination, write a description of yan an the passage filled with revolutionary ideal of young men and women. for a weekly diary of the subject, the teacher must constantly change, try to choose students interested in, such as, for many of the students are interested in sports, can let the students to write a diary, recording a game live, let the student feel chinese diary has no longer drab and boring. 2. 布置不同层次周记任务，促进差异发展2. weekly diary task arrangement of different levels, promote the development of differences 在布置周记任务时，教师必须充分地考虑到不同层次学生的实际状况。根据学生的不同水平，设计不同层次的周记任务。对于语文写作水平较高的学生，可以要求其周记字数多些，写作深度更高，对于写作水平一般的学生，要让其尽量多写，尝试不同的内容。对于写作水平较差的学生，教师要合理地控制周记任务，让学生在完成周记过程中都有所提高和收获。充分地调动各个层次学生写周记的积极性，让每一名学生都能体会到完成写作的喜悦。例如，在学习完八年级上册的雨林的毁灭世界性灾难后，教师可以让写作水平较好的学生写一篇关于我们周围环境的小周记，讨论环境污染的危害。对于写作一般的学生，可以让其写一篇关于环境的观察日记，适当地对环境污染问题提出自己的看法。而对于写作能力较差的学生，教师可以让其写一篇读后感。此外，周记写作题目，教师要注意结合班内学生的实际，由浅入深，让每个学生个体都能实现差异化发展。when set weekly diary task, the teacher must fully consider the different levels students actual situation. according to different levels of students, design different levels of zhou ji. for students chinese writing level is higher, can ask the diary has words more, write more, for students writing in general, to make the writing as much as possible, try to different content. for poor writing level of students, the teacher wants to reasonably control the weekly diary, let the students are in the process of complete diary has improved and harvest. fully arouse the enthusiasm of all levels students weekly diary, let every student can experience the joy of writing. after learning in the days of the eighth grade, for example, the destruction of the rainforest - worldwide disaster, teachers can make writing good students to write a weekly diary about environment around us, to discuss the dangers of environmental pollution. students of average for writing, can let them to write a diary about the environment observation, as appropriate to the environment pollution problems put forward their own points of view. and for poor writing ability of students, the teacher can let them to write a journal entry. in addition, the weekly journal writing topic, teachers should pay attention to according to the reality of the students in class 1, let every student individual can achieve differentiation development. 3. 改进周记批改方式，提高评价有效性3. to improve the way of weekly diary correcting, improve effectiveness evaluation 对于学生完成周记的情况，教师必须认真检查，尽量给出全面的评价，不能只是简单地写一个阅字。教师要认真地检查学生的周记完成情况。针对批改学生周记任务量较大的情况，教师可以采用各种不同的批改方式：重点批改、全部批改、轮流批改、学生互批和当面批改等。如，在学生完成了周记后，教师可以选择写的较好的，在班里当做范文来朗读，让学生自己点评其写的好在哪里，还存在哪些不足，这样就能帮助学生找出自己平时写作中存在的不足，并引以为鉴，在以后的写作中改正错误。对于周记书写不认真的学生，教师应该适当地给予批评，对于写作水平不高的学生，教师要重点进行指导、帮助。in the case of students complete weekly diary, teachers must carefully check, try to give a comprehensive evaluation, not simply write a reading words. the teacher wants to carefully check the completion of the weekly diary for students. in the presence of grade student zhou ji task quantity is bigger, teachers can be used in a variety of different ways of correcting: focus on correcting, corrects all corrections, take turns, corrects students each batch and face to face and so on. such as after students complete the weekly diary, teachers can choose to write better, as fan wenlai reading aloud in the class, lets students good comments on the writing, there is what is insufficient, so it can help students find their shortcomings in the course of writ