英语四级写作.ppt

英英 语语 写写 作作 考纲要求 写作步骤 段落安排 议论文类型 考纲要求考纲要求 第五部分：书面表达（part v: writing） 本部分主要测试考生是否具有一定的书面表达 能力。它要求考生在30分钟内写出一篇不少于 150个单词的短文。短文可能为评论性、叙述性 、说明性体裁，也可能为信件、便条、通知以 及登记表格等应用文体裁。要求内容切题、完 整，表达清楚、连贯，语言准确，结构和词汇 的采用丰富，文章的组织和结构得当。考生应 将短文写在答题纸（3）上，否则将不予计分。 写作步骤 1 审题 抓关键词，抓主题思想，注意题目要求 eg. we see advertisement on television every day. some people think that tv advertising brings us benefits, but others dont think so. write an article to clarify your opinion. you should use your own ideas, knowledge or experience to support your argument and you should include at least one example. 2构思 3. 列提纲:确定主干部分的内容，即确定分述点。 advantages/benefits/ (information about products/ compare products/ more choices) disadvantages/problems/harm (boring/cheating/misleading) 4. 写作 段落写作： topic sentence+ supporting sentences (+conclusion) topic sentence= main idea + controlling idea eg. tv advertising has advantages and disadvantages. mi ci tv advertising can provide us information about products. mi ci 篇章写作：引言段:introductory paragraph 主体段：body 结论段：conclusion 引言段介绍篇章的主要内容或观点，使读者对全篇有 一个总体概念 主体段从不同层次具体说明、引证或发挥引言段里所 提出的要点。 结论段对全文作出概括总结，呼应引言段，使主体得 到深化。 5. 检查/修改 修改的主要任务是检查一下有无拼写和语法方面的错 误，同时注意是否用词有过多的重复。 总之，在写作时切忌一边想一边写。 段落安排 第一段2/3句话 （30/40 words） 第二段10/12句话（100/120）分点阐述（3点或4点 ） 第三段2/3句话（30/40） 议 论 文 类 型 议论文是大纲中要求的常考的一种文体，也是英语写 作中的一种重要形式。 通常按照提出问题、分析问题、解决问题三个步骤进 行，常被称为“三段式”作文 （一）对比观点型议论文 1对比观点型议论文结构模式 （1）引出话题一种观点认为另一种观点认为 我的观点（结论） （2）描述一事物（现象）分析其优点分析其缺点我 的态度（看法） 2对比观点型议论文范文 范文 directions: in this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 200 words under the title of why we work. your composition should be based on the following outline given in english. outline: 1）some people live to work 2）other people work to live 3）your opinion （二）说明原因型议论文 1说明原因型议论文结构模式 描述现状（问题）分析原因结论（我的建议、看法、号 召） 2说明原因型议论文范文 范文 directions: in this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of 150 words on the topic of advertisement on tv. your composition should be based on the following outline given in english and should start with the given opening sentence: “today more and more advertisements are seen on the tv screen.” 1）present state 2）reasons 3）my comments （三）解决问题型议论文 1解决问题型议论文结构模式 （1）描述现状（问题）分析各种解决办法结论（自 身体会） （2）描述现状（问题）分析原因提出解决办法 2解决问题型议论文范文 范文 directions: in this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on make our city greener. your composition should be based on the following outline giv en in chinese. 1）城市绿化的现状 2）绿化的好处（如：清洁空气、美化城市、改善气候） 3）怎样才能实现绿化 （四）阐述主题型议论文 1阐述主题型议论文结构模式 （1）揭示成语、谚语、格言的蕴意以例证展开论证结论（号 召或建议） （2）引出主题按照提纲要求进一步分析主题结论（联系实际 给出建议） 2阐述主题型议论文范文 范文 directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic practice makes perfect. you should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline below: 1）为什么“熟能生巧” 2）在英语学习中 3）又如 写作模板 when it comes to the _1_, some people think/believe/_2_ whereas others hold opposite opinion, arguing that _3_. there is probably some truth in both arguments, but for my part, i think its merits outweigh the drawbacks. 例如： when it comes to the question of doing it in the same way or in a different way, if you had another chance to do something that you did in the past, some people believe that they would do it in the same way, whereas others hold opposite opinion, arguing that they would rather do it in a different way. there is probably some truth in both arguments, but for my part, i think i would do it in the same way. first of all, doing something in the same way means we shouldnt regret what we have done because we should have done it after careful thinking and by great efforts. secondly, what we should care most for doing things is not the result , but the experience, because gaining more experience helps us to learn more and improve ways of doing things in the future.whats more, a reliable person should be responsible for what he or she has done no matter what the result is. from what has been discussed above , we should put more emphasis on the experience rather than the result of doing things. therefore, if we had another chance to do something that we did in the past, we should do it in the same way. 例1： when it comes to the question of whether you would do it in the same way or in a different way, if you had another chance to do something that you did in the past, some people believe that they would do it in the same way, whereas others hold opposite opinion, arguing that they would rather do it in a different way. there is probably some truth in both arguments, but for my part, i think i would do it in a different way. first of all, by doing something in a different way we can find a better way to do it and improve what we have done because we have accumulated some experience in the past. secondly, trying another way means we may get a better and satisfactory result, and it will make greater contribution to the company or the society.whats more , no matter whether we have another chance to do things or not, we should think about or try various ways to solve the problem, which helps to get the habit of being active in thinking and become an innovative person. from what has been discussed above , if we had another chance to do something that we did in the past, we should do it in a different way. 例2： when it comes to the question of reading printed books or reading on screen, some people believe that they would like to choose printed books, wher