《动词不定式》PPT课件.ppt

动词不定式 To do that sort of thing is foolish。 I want to see you this evening. All you have to do is to finish it quickly. We found a house to live in. She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 作主语 To give up smoking is right. It is right to give up smoking. 试比较： It is impossible for you to persuade him. It is very kind of you to help me. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 动词不定式做宾语 1.某些及物动词:ask,agree,care, choose,demand,dare,decide,expect, fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer, plan,prepare,pretend,promise, refuse,want,wish等不能用-ing形式 作宾语，只能用动词不定式 Tom refused to lend me his pen. 2.某些及物动词：begin,start,like, love,hate,continue,prefer可用-ing也 可用动词不定式作宾语 I prefer to go to Paris by air. I prefer going to Paris by air. 3.某些及物动词：forget,remember, try,regret,go on,mean等可用-ing也 可用动词不定式作宾语，但表达的意 思不同 I forget to bring my homework. I forget opening the windows. 4.某些动词:tell,advise,show,teach, learn,know,decide,find out等，作其 宾语的动词不定式前往往加一个疑问 词 I dont know how to cook. He told me how to get to the station. 5.及物动词want,need,require等，当 其主语是“物”时，表示“需要”，常用 动词不定式的被动式作宾语 Your bedroom needs to be cleaned. Your bedroom needs cleaning. 6.介词后一般不直接跟动词不定式作 宾语，但可用带疑问词的不定式 Marx gave some advice on how to learn English well. 但but,except后可跟不定式作宾语 The boss had no choice but to give in. 但当主要动词是do时，to省掉 They could do nothing but wait. 作宾语 Fred didnt have any money, so he decided to look for a job. 1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。 请注意； Karl Marx found it important to study the situation of Russia. 作表语 My job is to teach English. 试比较； My job is teaching English. 动词不定式做定语 动词不定式作定语要放在被修饰词后 Have you got any questions to ask? 如被修饰词和作定语的不定式没有直 接的动宾关系，不定式后应有相应的 介词 I have no chair to sit in. 当句中有不定式的逻辑主语时，作定 语的动词不定式用主动形式表被动 I have got a lot of things to deal with. Have you got anything to eat? 当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时 ，作定语的不定式一般要用被动语态 “Would you please have a letter to be typed, manager?”asked the office worker. 作定语 Do you have anything to say? 1. 你有什么要说的吗? 2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人 Betty was the first to know the truth 动词不定式做状语 1.In order to和so as to意义上没区 别，但so as to不能置于句首 2.adj/adv+enough to 3.too+adj/adv+to有肯定与否定 The child is too young to dress himself. 否定否定 She is too anxious to know the rusults.(ready/easy/eager/glad to) 作状语 He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. They jumped with joy to hear the news. Im too tired to walk any further tonight. 目的状语. 原因状语. 结果状语 作宾补 She asked me to stay there. 1. 她叫我呆在这儿。 2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you. 注意 A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel （一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）. I heard them sing a pop song . The teacher made me answer the question. We watched them play football . 注意 B. 动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not. My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again. 注意 C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑问词。 Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book? 注意 D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时 ，动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。 A:Would you like to come to my party? Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike). B: Yes , Id love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 动词不定式的时态 1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. . 一般式( to do ). 不定式的一般式所 表示的动作（状态 ）同时（或几乎同 时）发生，或之后 发生。 .进行式( to be doing) 1. I am very glad to be working with you. 2. He is said to be coming. 如果谓语表示的动作 （情况）发生时，不 定式所表示的动作正 在进行。 动词不定式的时态 动词不定式的时态 .完成式（to have done) 1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith. 如果谓语表示 的动作发生在 不定式之前。 动词不定式的语态 .主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done) 1. We want to learn English well. 2.Robert is said_abroad, but I didnt know what country he studied in.(NMET99) A.to have studied B.to study B. C. made D. to make 当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的 动作的执行者时. 动词不定式的语态 .被动式( to be done / to have been done) 1. He didnt like to be laughed at. 2. He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海98） A.being badly treated B.treating badly B. C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated. 当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示 的动作的承受者时. 1. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier 2. _ it more difficult. (MET99) 3. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 4. 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. (NMET2000) 5. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 高考题汇集： 3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. (MET1998) A.to invent B. inventing B. C. to have invented C. having invented 4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. (MET2003) A.much too heavy B. too much heavy B. C. heavy too much D. too heavy much 5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (NMET95) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. (MET 97) A.to be taken B. to take B. C. being taken D. taking 7.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.(1999上海高考) A.to be chosen B. to choose from B.C. to choose D. for choosing 8. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考) A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly -elected president is having a hard time. (2002年上海春季高考) A.settled B. settling B. C.to settle D. being settled 10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考) A.to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run companies are trying _their products more competitive. ( 2002上海春季高考) A.to make B. making B.C. to have made D.having made 12. The teacher asked us_so much noise. (2003北京春季高考) A.dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 1. The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot . A. turning it off B. turn it off C having turned it off D. to turn it off 2. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. Cleaned D. being c leaned 3. Not everybody has the ability in public. A. of speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 练习 4. Mary is always the first student to answer the teachers questions in class. A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risen 5. Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day? - _enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 6.Would you be so kind us out? -With pleasure. A. helping B. in helping C. help D. as to help 7. Wet umbrellas are not allowed into this hotel according to the rule. A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking 8. Robert is said _ abroad, but I didnt know what country he studied in. A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying 9. In Australia he made a lot of friends _a very practical knowledge of English. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got 1.Last summer I took a lesson on_. A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be made C.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be made Extra exercises A 2. She pretended_ me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen A 3.Tom kept quiet about the accident_ lose his job. A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to B 4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped_on a big rock by the side of the path. A.To have rested B.Resting C.To rest D.rest C 5. “the light in the office is stil on.” “oh,I forgot_.” A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off C 6.John was made_ the truck for a week as a punishment. A.To wash B.Washing C.Wash D.To be washing A 7.Your chest needs_. Youd better have it_ in the hospital. A.To be examined; examine B.To be examined; examined C.examining; examine D.Being examined; examined B 8. I remembered_ the English novel at home yesterday forgetting _ it to the library. A.leaving; to return B.To leave; return C.leaving; returning D.To leave; to return A 10. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 11. We agreed _ here, but so far she hasnt turned out yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 12. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. 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