2019自考0600高英语必考重点自考笔记自考考前串讲知识点归纳.doc

前言In each lesson I will mainly deal with three parts. Part one，usually，I will begins with words and expressions, in this part we mainly study word translation of some key words in each lesson. Part two, I will mainly introduce or explain the contents of each lesson, the main body of the whole text. In this part you should pay much attention to the structure of the lesson, for example, how does the writer propose his idea? How does the writer develop his idea and draw conclusion? What do you think about the end of each lesson? So in this part we will focus on the inter-logic between each paragraph and grasp the main ideas. In part three, we will do some exercises. Exercise A, we usually put it in the explanation of the text. That means we will associate the answers of the exercise A with explanation of the text. We have eight questions in each exercise A. we will answer them one by one. And the following exercises we just pick out some important langrage points in each sentence. And we have translation; we have the exercise F and B, sentence translation and also paragraph translation. Exercise D, I will explain the subtle difference between senior names. This part is also the focus of our study.-高级英语（上）-Lesson OneRock Superstars:What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?一、Words and Expressions: 1. adulation （means flatter somebody or praise somebody or put into much good words for somebody）过分赞美，奉承adulation n. excessive admiration, praise, flattery2.baptismal 洗礼的baptismal adj.baptiz（s）e v.3.bewilderment （bewilder means confuse or awful or at loss ）迷惑；慌乱，不知所措Young people usually bewildered by the adult world.年青人总是被成人世界里的事情所迷惑。4.clown 小丑，丑角5.coliseum 体育场（stadium 体育馆）6.conceive 设想，想出，想像conceive of sth. 以-ceive为词根的有conceive, perceive（理解，感知）, deceive （欺骗）You cannot conceive how rude he is to me. 你无法想象他对我是多么粗鲁。7.crunch发出嘈杂声地走，嘎吱作响地走 means screaming 8.disaffection不满disaffection against sb./sth.9.editoralize（报刊）发表社论, means publish a editorial to make remark or make comment about something. editeditoreditorialeditorializeeditorialize against 批判editorialize on/about 对于某一主题发表社论基本的词形有：edit（编辑）, editor-in-chief（主编）10.embody体现embodyexpress v.embodiment n.embodiment n. 化身Usually rock music embodies the rebellion sprit of the younger generation.摇滚乐体现了年青人的反叛精神。更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取12.onstage（在台上）offstage（在台后） adj./adv.13.piety n.pious adj.14.pilgrim: person who travels to a holy place as an act of religious devotionpilgrimage n. holy journey15.ramble v./n. walk for pleasure with no special destination，wanderrambler16.rebel v./n. n. rebellion adj. rebellious 17. reverence 尊敬，崇敬 show ones reverence for：show ones respect for; show a great admiration for sb./sth.18.societysocialsociologicalsociologist 19.sprinkle sth. on/onto/over sth. pour 倾泻20.sweatsweatyswelter20.variety showtalk show（脱口秀）fashion show（时装秀） steal the show 抢镜头二、Text: 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取What does title mean? What is rock? What do the superstars show to us?The structure of the text:The significance of the two quotations：Q1. What is the function of the two quotations? Are they appropriate?The first three paragraphs: Q2. What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article.Rock is the music of teenage rebellion.teenteenageteenager person from 13 to 19.rebel v. fight against/resist ones authority or controlBy a mans heroes ye shall know him.ye=youSee Note 1. Rock摇滚乐的英文全名叫Rock & Roll,于20世纪50年代兴起于美国，继而风靡世界。初期的摇滚乐基本上是由典型的黑人音乐“节奏与布鲁斯”（Ryhthm & Blues）和传统的白人音乐“乡村与西部”（Country & Western）两类乐种融合而成的。1954年白人乡村音乐歌手比尔黑利（Bill Haley）首次把R & B 的曲式融于自己的音乐中，于是，一种白人和黑人青少年都酷爱的新型音乐摇滚乐诞生了。此后，摇滚乐以其顽强的青春活力茁壮成长，蓬勃发展。民谣音乐（Folk Music）、爵士音乐（Jazz）、和流行音乐（Pop Music）等音乐也都相继融于摇滚乐中，形成了各种不同风格的摇滚乐；摇滚歌星们也以各自的舞台形象和演唱风格争奇斗艳，大放异彩。从50年代直到90年代，摇滚乐走过了一个又一个辉煌的时代，一直深受广大青少年的喜爱。pack v. pack A in/into B. 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取pack B with Abe packed withThe stadium was packed with the football fans.The restaurant was packed.This newspaper is packed with a lot of useful information.sprinkling over 洒到上 此处为现在分词作伴随状语grab v./n. 1.take sth. by force, capture, seize, snatchEg. He grabbed the book from my hand and ran off.2.do sth. in a hurryEg. grab a nap/a breakfastContent 表示容器所装载的东西，还可以指文章的内容contents of the articlesurge v./n.The floods surged along the valley.The crowds surged into the stadium.crunchscream尖叫crawl: on ones knees. crawling snake, crawling traffic, be crawling with auntscreep: move slowly, quietly and secretly. out of/into/along creeping wineclimb up the treesick: disgustingstand: endure, tolerate, bear, put up withstuff: disorderpara. 3Q3-8 in the following paragraphs:pouring: It never rains but it pours. crawl: 双腿爬行，匍匐前进 crawling on ones knees.a crawling snake; 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取crawling traffic/cars;be crawling with sth.climb: 向上爬climb up the treecreep: 悄悄潜行，蔓延 move slowly, quietly.creep into someplace.Para. 4 （transition para.）look at sb. as=consider/regard sb. as 把某人视作I look at you as my close/best friend.share: have sth. in common.reverence for sb.misguided: misled, lostreject: refuse sb./sth politelysick: disgustingbe drawn to sth.: be attracted to, be appealing to act out: show更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取para. 5idle adj./v. not active, lazyDont idle away your youth!worthless, senseless, meaningless, uselessclash and crash: （押头韵alliteration） be in conflict with sth.clash with 冲撞eg. The meeting clashes with my English lesson, so I cant go there.crash: go bankrupt My business crashed last bine A with/and B 把和结合在一起motion: action, behaviorPara.6What is the frustrated spirit of the 1950s?rather thanmore thanother than与其说不如说She has no close friends other than him. （except）She seldom appears other than happy. （not）more accuracy than originalityeditorialize against sb.: publish the editorials to criticize sb.ban: v. officially forbidban the use of nuclear weapons/chemical weaponsban sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事n. put a ban on sth. 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取para.7define 界定redefine 重新界定touch=lead to speak about 谈论speak of 谈及para.8enter=join inurge=push for=call fora range of一系列的mix sth. into=put sth. into=add/combine=blend urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事get away from=escape from=keep away from摆脱go back to 回到drive n.驱动力go on and on继续in return回报conceive of 想到head for 去哪儿Explain the differences between Bob Dylan, the Beatles, and the Rolling Stones. What do you think of the end? Open ended.三、ExercisesExercises C 1.His paintings （embody） the spirit of the modern era.2.How do you （act out） your frustrations, by throwing glasses or something?3.The peddler （sprinkled） some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.4.In such heated air, the （sweltering） students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons.keep ones mind on sth.5. Thats （idle） gossip. Dont listen to it.6.She sent in her application for the job, but was （rejected） as unqualified.application for申请更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取7.The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss （rather than） to contradict him.go along with=get along with相处融洽contradict sb.顶撞某人8.Everybody should have a sincere （reverence） for the laws of his country.Subtle differences in Exercise D.1.The whole nation watched the two candidates （debating） the issue of raising taxes on TV.argue aboutdebate sth.讨论2.It was a （proud） moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the Pud褒义词arrogant贬义词3.Even if you （blend） oil and water, they will not （mix）.mix/blend A to Bmix/blend A into Bblend=put sth. together强调过程mix强调结果4.Some people watch television so much that they cannot （conceive） of living without it.conceive ofimagine sth.5.As it was an informal dinner, most people （wore） in their comfortable clothes.be dressed in更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取wear clothes6.Do you think young people are （idealistic） or pragmatic?idealistic理想主义化的pragmatic现实主义化的7.Filled with great （admiration） for their integrity and courage, he was determined to be a man like them.8.Deep at night, they could still hear gun-fire （rumbling） in the distance.Some points in Translation：摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末期兴起于美国Rock rose in the end of 1950s in Americanot onlybut also不仅是更是sing of唱出了attitude toward 对的态度disaffection against对不满culture heroes 文化英雄Lesson Two: Four Choices for Young peopleLesson SixteenThrough the Tunnel一、Words and Expressions1.apologetic道歉的，认错的2.anchor of stone石头锚，锚3.beseech: v. implore, entreat, beg for恳求的，哀求的besoughtForgive him, I beseech you.He besought the judge to be merciful.beseech ones forgiveness.adj. beseeching adv. beseechingly4.blurt out脱口说出5.bob up迅速浮上，突然冒起6.boulder巨石7.buoyant有浮力的8.chestful 満胸的，装满一箱的9.chivalry豪侠气度10.clamber: vi./n. climb with great efforts and difficulties爬clamber over the rocks11.clammy冷而粘的12.clinging能缠住人的杂草13.clown胡闹，小丑14.contrition: n. deep regret, repentance认真地adj.contrite: repentantin a contrite manner15.craving: n. a strong desire 渴望craving for sth. 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取v. crave for sth.16. crisping易碎的17. danglesuspendhung 悬荡18. defydefiantdiscoloredfading褪了色的，变了色的。grope: v. search for sth. 搜寻grope about/around for sth.19.dizzy头昏眼花的20.effortlessly不费力的21.fanged犬牙状的，尖的22.finger-nail指甲23.flaked薄片的24.flushedarm发红的手臂25.frond叶状物26.gleaming闪光的27.goggles（复数）眼罩28.greenish发绿的29.greyish发灰的，带灰色的30.grope about in the dark搜寻grope for the answer/the door handle31.haulpulldrawdrag（用力）拖或拉32.hillside山坡33.inletoutlet水湾更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取34.inquisitive: adj. fond of inquiring into sth. 好追根究的，好奇的35.v. inquire into sth.= look into sth, investigateDont be so inquisitive.adv. inquisitively n. inquisitiveness 36.irregular不规则的37.jut out突出部分38.lapping（波浪）拍打的39. minute: tiny, petty很小的minute particlesadv. minutely n. minuteness40.motionless: still静止的stand motionless41.myriad无数的42.nag: vi. scold or criticize不停的唠叨nag at sb.43.octopus章鱼44.overdo把.做过头45.persistence坚持46.pester: v. pester sb. with sth. 纠缠pester sb. for sth.pester sb. to do sth.47.pointed尖的48.possessive有占有欲的49.promontory岬；海角50.rear up抬起来，升起来 51.redden发红 52.ripple泛起微波53.rubber-enclosed vacuum橡胶包的真空管54.scatter散布之物，散布更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取55.scoop一勺56.seaweed海草 57.sequin衣服上作鉓物用的小金属片58.slate石板59.speck闪光60.speck小斑点61.stray偏离62.striped有条纹的63.sunbathing沐日光的64.swerve off突然转向65.tentacle触须66.torment痛苦，折磨67.tuft用线捆牢68.turning转弯69.uncomprehending不领悟的，不理解的70.unfailing永存的71.waggle摇动72.wavering摇晃二、Text这是一篇描述性散文，描写的一个11岁的英国孩子杰里同他寡居的母亲在海边游玩，杰里对海边已经感到厌烦，他渴望同其他孩子一道去跳水、潜水，从事更刺激、更惊险的体育活动。他潜入海底后发觉其他孩子们在钻一个海底隧洞。但是钻隧洞需要长时地憋气，因为通过隧洞需要时间。于是，杰里在观察了隧洞地开和其他孩子的动作后开始训练控制呼吸，为下一步钻隧洞做准备。注意两点：一是对景物和动作的描述，二是对情的描述：母亲对儿子的关怀和慈爱；儿子虽年幼，对母亲却充满了爱和关切。这是一篇文笔优雅，描写生动的散文。Going to the shore on the first morning of the holiday, the young English boy stopped at a turning of the path and looked down at a wild and rocky bay, and then over to the crowded beach he knew so well from other years. His mother walked on in front of him, carrying a bright-striped bag in one hand. Her other arm, swinging loose, was very white in the sun. The boy watched that white, naked arm, and turned his eyes, which had a frown behind them, towards the bay and back again to his mother. When she felt he was not with her, she swung round Oh there you are， Jerry.” she said. She looked impatient, then smiled. Why, darling, would you rater not come with me? Would you rather. She frowned, conscientiously worrying over what amusements he might secretly be longing for which she had been too busy or too careless to imagine. He was, very familiar with that anxious, apologetic smile. Contrition sent him running after her. And yet, as he ran, he looked back over his shoulder at the wild bay, and all morning, as he played on the safe beach, he was thinking of it.Next morning, when it was time for the routine of swimming and sunbathing, his mother said, Are you tired of the usual beach, Jerry? Would you like to go somewhere else?Oh, no! he said quickly, smiling at her out of that unfailing impulse of contrition a sort of chivalry. Yet, walking down the path with her, he blurted out, Id like to go and have a look at those rocks down there. 注意两点：一是对景物和动作的描述，二是对情的描述：母亲对儿子的关怀和慈爱；儿子虽年幼，对母亲却充满了爱和关切。更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取这是一篇文笔优雅，描写生动的散文。She gave the idea her attention. It was a wild-looking place, and there was no one there, but she said, Of course, Jerry. When youve had enough, come to the big beach. Or just go straight back to the villa, if you like. She walked away, that bare arm, now slightly reddened from yesterdays sun, swinging. And he almost ran after her again, feeling it unbearable that she should go by herself, but he did not.She was thinking: Of course hes old enough to be safe without me. Have I been keeping him too close? He mustnt feel he ought to be with me. I must be careful.He was an only child, eleven years old. She was a widow. She was determined to be neither possessive nor lacking in devotion. She went worrying off to her beach.As for Jerry, once he saw that his mother had gained her beach, he began the steep descent to the bay. From where he was, high up among red-brown rocks, it was a scoop of moving bluish green fringed with white. As he went lower, he saw that it spread among small promontories and inlets of rough, sharp rock, and the crisping, lapping surface showed stains of purple and darker blue. Finally, as he ran sliding and scraping down the last few, yards, he saw an edge of white surf, and the shallow, luminous movement of water over white sand, and, beyond that, a solid, heavy blue.He ran straight into: the water and began swimming. He was a g0od swimmer. He went out fast over the gleaming sand, over a middle region where rocks lay like discoloured monsters under the surface, and then he was in the real sea a warm sea where irregular cold currents from the deep water shocked his limbs. 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取When he was so far out that he could 1ook back not only on the little bay but past the promontory that was between it and the big beach, he floated on the buoyant surface and looked for his mother.There she was a speck of yellow under an umbrella that kinked like as hoe of orange-peel. He swam back to shore, relieved at being sure she was there, but all at once very lonely.On the edge of a small cape that marked the side of the bay away from the promontory was a loose scatter of rocks. Above them, some boys were stripping off their clothes. They came running, naked, down to the rocks. The English boy swam towards them, and kept his distance at a stones throw. They were of that coast, all of burned smooth dark brown, and speaking a language he did not understand. To be with them, of them, was a craving that filled his whole body. He swam a little-closer; they turned and watched him with narrowed, alert dark eyes。 Then one smiled and waved. It was enough. In a minute he had swum in and was on the rocks beside them, smiling with a desperate, nervous supplication, they shouted cheerful greetings at him, and then, as he preserved his nervous, uncomprehending smile, they understood that he was a foreigner strayed from his own beach, and they proceeded to forget him, But he was happy. He was with them.注意的短语：更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取19. be longing for sth.20. look back over ones shoulder21. blurt out 22. under the surface23. on the edge of24. strip off sth.25. keep ones distance at a stones throw26. stray from27. loom at sb.28. yell for help29. grab sth. from sb.30. fill ones lungs31. let go of sth.They began diving again and again from a high point into a well of blue sea between rough, pointed rocks. After they had dived and come up, they swam round, hauled themselves up, and waited their turn to dive again. They were big boys-men to Jerry. He dived, and they watched him, and when he swam round to take his place, they made way for him. He felt he was accepted, and he dived again, carefully, proud of himself.Jerry dived, shot past the school of underwater swimmers, saw a black wall of rock looming at him, touched it, and bobbed up at once to the surface, where the wall was a low barrier he could see across. There was no one visible; under him, in the water, the dim shapes of the swimmers had disappeared. Then one and then another of the boys came up on the far side of the barrier of rock, and he understood that they had swum through some gap or hole in it. He plunged down again. He could see nothing through the stinging salt water but the blank rock. When he came up, the boys were all on the diving rock, preparing to attempt the feat again. And now, in a panic of failure, he yelled up, in English, Look at me! Look! and he began splashing and kicking in the water like a foolish dog. 更多内容请与QQ：67460666索取They looked down gravely, frowning. He knew the frown. At moments of failure, when he clowned to claim his mothers attention, it was with just this grave, embarrassed inspection that she rewarded him. Through his hot shame, feeling the pleading grin on his face like a scar that he could never remove, he 1-ooked up at the group of big brown boys on the rock. and shouted Bonjour ! .Merci ! Au revoir! Monsieur, monsieur ! while he hooked his fingers round his ears and waggled them.Water surged into his mouth; he choked, sank, came up. The rock, lately weighted with boys, seemed to rear up out of the water as their weight was removed. They were flying down past him, now, into the water; the air was full of falling bodies. Then the rock was empty in the hot sunlight. He counted one, two, three.At fifty he was terrified. They must all be drowning beneath him, in the wat