营养与食品卫生常用词汇.docx

营养与食品卫生常用词汇据360教育集团介绍：营养与食品卫生英文词汇（A）acceptable daily intake (ADI) 每人每日容许摄入量acceptable risk level 可接受的危险水平acclimatization 气候适应accumulate 蓄积acetylandromedol 乙酰柽木醇毒Achromobacterium 无色菌属acid-forming food 成酸性食品Act for preventing the adulteration of articles ex food and drink 防止饮食品掺假法activator 激活剂,活化剂actomyosin 肌凝蛋白acute toxicity test 急性毒性试验additive action 相加作用adipose tissue 脂肪组织administrative rule 行政规范adrenal cortical hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adsorption 吸附,吸附作用aerobic repiration 有氧呼吸aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素after-ripeness 后熟Agaricus 伞草属Agrostemma githago L. 麦仙翁alamine 丙氨酸albumin 白蛋白albuminuria 蛋白尿alcohol 酒精alimentary codex 食品法规Alkaligenes 产碱杆菌属allowance 供给量alpha hemolytic streptococcus 甲型溶血性链球菌alpha-BHC a-六六六Alternaria 交链孢霉aluminum hydroxide 氢氧化铝aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝Alzheimers dementia 早老性痴呆(阿耳茨海默痴呆)Amanita muscaria 毒蝇伞Amanita pantherina 豹斑毒伞Amanita phalloides 毒伞Amanita verna 白毒伞Amanita virosa 鳞柄白毒伞amaranth 苋莱红amatoxins 毒伞八肽类Ames test Ames 试验,艾姆斯试验amino acid pattern 氨基酸模式ammonia 氨Amoeba 阿米巴属,阿米巴原虫,变形虫属amphetamin chloride 冰毒amygdalin 苦杏仁甙amyl nitrite 亚硝基异戊酯amylopectin 支链淀粉amylose 直链淀粉anabolism 合成代谢anaerobic respiration 厌氧呼吸Andersens disease 安德森病angular stomatitis 口角炎anion exchange resins 阴离子交换树脂anisatin 毒八角亭antagonistic action 拮抗作用anthraquinone 蒽醌anthropometry 人体测量学anti-cancer drugs 抗癌药物antiketogenesis 抗生酮作用antioxidant 抗氧化剂antitrypsin 抗胰蛋白酶apatite 磷灰石apoferritin 脱铁铁蛋白apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白apparent digestibility 表现消化率appetite 食欲applied nutrition 应用营养aquatic organism 水生生物aquatic product 水产品arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸arcus senilis 老年环arginine 精氨酸arsenic 砷Arthrinium 节菱孢属Ascaris lumbricoides 蛔虫Ascaris vermicularis 蛲虫Ascomycetes 子囊菌纲ascorbate 抗坏血酸盐ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸Aspergillus albicans 白曲霉Aspergillus candidus 亮白曲霉Aspergillus flavus 黄曲霉Aspergillus fumigatus 烟曲霉Aspergillus glaucus 灰绿曲霉Aspergillus nidulans 构巢曲霉Aspergillus niger 黑曲霉Aspergillus niveus 霉白曲霉Aspergillus ochraceus 赭曲霉Aspergillus parasiticus 寄生曲霉Aspergillus restrictus 局限曲霉Aspergillus terreus 土曲霉Aspergillus ustus 焦曲霉Aspergillus versicolor 采色曲霉Aspergillus wentti 温特曲霉Aspergillus 曲霉属atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化autophagy 自吞噬availability 可利用率avidin 抗生物素蛋白azide 重氮化合物营养与食品卫生英文词汇（B）B.alcaligenes metalcaligenes 粪产碱杆菌B.subtilis test 桔草杆菌试验B.thermophilie flat sour 嗜热性平酸苗B.welchii(B.perfringens) 韦氏杆菌(产气荚膜杆菌)Bacillus anthracis 炭疽杆菌Bacillus cereous 蜡样芽胞杆菌Bacillus erysipelatos-suis 猪丹毒杆菌Bacillus subtilis 枯草杆菌Bacillus tuberculosis bovis 牛型结核杆菌bacon 咸猪肉bacterial mutation test 细菌诱变试验bacteriocidal substance 杀菌物质bacteriophage 噬菌体balance test 平衡实验balanced diet 平衡膳食Balantidium coli 结肠小袋绦虫barley 大麦basal metabolic rate,BMR 基础代谢率basal metabolism 基础代谢base-forming food 成碱性食品Basidiomycetes 担子菌纲bean curd blade 百叶bean curd 豆腐bean sprout 豆芽beet 甜菜beetle 甲虫类benefit-risk analysis 利害分析benz(a)anthracene (BA) 苯并(a)蒽benzimidazole 苯骈咪唑benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) 苯并(a)芘benzylamine oxidase 苄胺氧化酶beriberi 脚气病beta hemolytic streptococcus 乙型溶血性链球菌beta-BHC -六六六betanin 甜菜苷BHC;1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane 六六六bilirubin 胆红素biliverdin 胆绿素bilobol 白果(二)酚bioconcentration 生物富集,生物浓集biodeterioration 生物危害bioenergetics 生物能量学biofeedback 生物反馈biohazard 生物危害biological concentration 生物富集,biological expansion 生物性膨胀(罐头)biological half-time 生物半减期biological prevention 生物防治biological value 生物价(生理价值)biosynthesis 生物合成biotin 生物素biotransformation 生物转化biotransport 生物转运bis(P-chlorophenyl)acetic acid pp-滴滴埃Bitots spots(patches) 结膜干燥,比托斑点bitter almond kernel 苦杏仁bittern 盐卤Biuron 敌草隆bleach 漂荡,预煮bleaching agent 漂白剂blindness 盲,视觉缺失blood clam 蚶body mass index,BMI 体重指数botulin(botulismotoxin) 肉毒菌毒素botulism 肉毒中毒Bouins solution 鲍音液Bovine Sponglform Encephalopathy,BSE 疯牛病bran 糠branched chain amino acid 支链氨基酸breakdown 分解breast milk 母乳broad bean 蚕豆bromethane 溴甲烷bromomethane；methyl bromide 溴甲烷brown rice 糙米Brucella 布氏杆菌属Brucelliasis 布氏杆菌病butenolide 丁烯酸内酯butylated hydroxyanisole 丁基羟基茴香醚butylated hydroxytoluene 二丁基羟基甲苯营养与食品卫生英文词汇（C）cachexia 恶病质cadaverine 尸胺cadmium carbonate 碳酸镉cadmium chlorate 氯酸镉cadmium hydroxide 氢氧化镉cadmium nitrate 硝酸镉cadmium sulfide 硫化镉cadmium 镉caffeine 咖啡碱calciferol 钙化醇calcitonin,CT 降钙素calcium 钙caloric quotient 热能系数calorie 卡(路里)calorifacient 生热的,产热的calorimeter 测热计,热量计calorimetry 测热法Camplobacter fetus subsp.jejuni 胎儿弯曲菌空肠亚种Camplobacterjejuni 空肠弯曲菌Candida 假丝酵母,念珠菌属cannabidiol 大麻二酚cannabinol 大麻酚cannabis seed oil poisining 大麻子油中毒canned food 罐头食品capsanthin 辣椒红caramel 酱色,焦糖carbamate 氨基甲酸酯carbohydrate 碳水化物carbonic anhydrase 碳酸酐酶carcinogen 致癌物carcinogenicity test 致癌试验carithamine 红花黄色素carnitine 肉毒碱casein 酪蛋白cassava 木薯catabolism 分解代谢cation exchange resins 阳离子交换树脂cell transformation test 细胞转化试验cellulose 纤维素ceramics 陶瓷ceruloplasmin 血浆铜蓝蛋白cesium 铯chemical engineering ,chemical expansion 化学性膨胀(罐头)chemical industry,chemical technolog 化工chemical pollution 化学污染chemical prevention 化学防治Chlorella 小球藻属chlorinated hydrocarbon,organochlorine 氯化烃,有机氯chlorogenic acid 绿原酸cholecal ciferol 维生素D3,胆钙化醇cholesterol 胆固醇choline esterase 胆碱酯酶chromium 铬chromosome abberation 染色体畸变chromosome aberration assay test 染色体畸变分析试齄chromosome 染色体chronic mercury poisoning 慢性汞中毒chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性试验chylomicron 乳糜微粒cigarette 香烟Citreoviridin 黄绿青霉素citrinin 桔青霉素Cladosporium 枝孢属clam 蛤Claviceps purpurea Tulasne 麦角菌Clavus secalinus 麦角cleaner 洗涤剂cleaning 净化cleavage of phosphide ester linkage 磷酯键裂解cleft palate 腭裂Clitocybe 杯伞属Clostridium botulinum 内毒杆菌Clostridium butylicum 丁酸杆菌Clostridium perfringens 产气荚膜杆菌Clostridium 芽胞杆菌属coagulant 凝固剂coagulase 凝固酶cobalt chloride 氯化钻cobalt 钴coffee 咖啡colchicine 秋水仙碱cold frozen 冷冻cold press 冷榨cold sterilization 冷灭菌cold storage 冷藏coli test 大肠杆菌试验coliform group 大肠菌群colitap 大肠菌快速检验纸片colliod 胶体colloid system 胶体系统colonization factor antigen,CFA 定居因子抗原complementary action 互补作用concentrated milk 浓缩奶concentration factor 浓集系数condensed milk 炼乳congenital mercury poisoning 先天性汞中毒conglycinin 伴大豆球蛋白conjunctival dryness 结膜干燥contaminants in food 食品污染物contaminants of biological origin 生物性污染物contaminants of chemical origin 化学性污染物contaminants of radioactive origin 放射性污染物contamination 污染control organ of food hygiene 食品卫生监督机构control system of food hygiene 食品卫生监督制copper 铜corn cockle seed 麦仙翁籽corn soybean milk (CSM) 玉米大豆乳coronary heart disease 冠心病cowmilk 牛乳Coxsackie virus 柯沙奇病毒crayfish 蝲蛄critical porion 敏感期cumulative coefficient 蓄积系数cumulative toxicity index 蓄积毒性系数cumulative toxicity test 蓄积毒性试验Curcuma longa 姜黄curcumin 姜黄素cyanogenetic glycoside plant poisoning 含氰甙植物中毒cyanogenetic glycoside 含氰甙cyanomethemoglobin 氰化正铁血红蛋白cycasin 苏铁素cyclamate 环己氨基磺酸盐cyclic N-nitroso compound 环状N-亚硝基化台钧cyclochlorotine 环氯素cysteine 半胱氨酸cystine 胱氨酸cytochrome oxidase 细胞色素氧化酶cytochrome 细胞色素营养与食品卫生英文词汇（D）daily dietary allowance 每日膳食供给量Datura stramonium L. 蔓陀萝day blindness 昼盲(症)daylily 黄花莱,金针莱DDVP；dichlorvos；dichlorphos 敌敌畏dealkylation 脱烷基化作用deamination 脱氨基作用Debaryomyces 德巴利氏酵母属decimal reduction time (DRT) 90%递减时间delayed neurotoxicity test 迟发神经毒性试验delayed neurotoxicity 迟发性神经毒作用delta-BHC -六六六Demeton,systox 内吸磷Density of energy 热能密度Density of nutrient 营养素密度dental plaque 斑牙deoxyadenosylcobalamin 腺苷钴胺酸Deoxynivalenol (DON) 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌醇descendant 子系体,后代Deuteromycetes (Imperfect fungi) 半知茵纲(不完全菌纲)dhurrin 蜀黍氰甙diabetes mellitus,DM 糖尿病diabetic ketoacidosis 糖尿病酮症酸中毒diacetoxyscirpenol 二醋酸熏草镰刀菌烯醇dialycerides 甘油二脂diarrhea 腹泻Diazinon 二嗪农dibenz(a,h)anthracene,DBA 二苯并(a,h)蒽dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane;1,1,1-trichloro-2, 2-bis(P-chlorophenyl)ethan 滴滴涕(DDT)dientamoeba fragilis 脆双核阿米巴diet 膳食,饮食dietary fiber 膳食纤维dietary guidelines 膳食指南dietary history 饮食习惯dietary recall 膳食回顾dietary reference values,DRVs 膳食参考量dietary 食谱,饮食的difference between individuals 个体差异difference between species 种间差异digestibility 消化率digestion 消化dihydrochalcone 二氢查耳酮dihydronivalenone 二氢雪腐烯酮dihydrosafrole 二氢黄樟素dioxin 二噁英direct calorimetry 直接测热法discrimination factor 差异系数diterpene 双萜dithion 畜虫磷diverticulosis 憩室病DNA repair synthesis test DNA修复合成试验domestic animal 家畜dominant lethal test 显性致死试验dopamine-hydroxylase 多巴胺-羟化酶dose-effect(dose-response) relationship 剂量效应(反应)关系dried bean curd 豆腐干drogs 废渣Drosophila melanogaster recessive lethal test 果蝇隐性致死试验Drosophila recessive lethal assay 果蝇隐性致死试验duodenum 十二指肠dwarfism 矮小,侏儒症dystrophic hyperkeratosis 营养不良性角化过度营养与食品卫生英文词汇（E）eating out 出外用膳eating patterns 饮食习惯Echinococcus granulosus 细粒棘球绦虫ECHO virus 埃柯病毒ecosystemic equipoise 生态平衡edema 水肿Edible microorganismus 食用微生物elastin 弹性蛋白elderly 老年人elementary school 小学Embadomonas intestinalis 肠内滴虫emulsion 乳胶,乳浊剂,乳剂emulsoid 乳胶体endemic arsenic poisoning 地方性砷中毒endemic cretinism 地方性克汀病endemic disease 地方病endemic fluorine poisoning 地方性氟中毒endopeptidase 肽链内切酶endosperm 胚乳energy coefficient 能量系数energy requirment 热能需要量energy 热能Engels index 恩格尔指数enrichment 强化(食品)enterogastrone 肠抑胃素enterogenous cyanosis 肠原性青紫enteroinvasive E.Coli 肠侵袭性大肠杆菌enteropathogenic E.Coli 肠致病性大肠杆菌enterotoxigenic E.Coli 肠产毒性大肠杆菌enterotoxin 肠毒素epinephrine 肾上腺素epiphysis 松果体,骨骺epithollium 上皮epoxide 环氧化物ergocalciferol 麦角骨化醇,维生素D2ergometrine 麦角新碱ergometrinine 麦角异新碱ergot 麦角ergotamine 麦角胺ergotism 麦角中毒ergotoxine 麦角毒Erwinia 欧文菌属erythocytes 红细胞erythroskyrin 红天精Escherichia 埃希菌属Esherichia coli 大肠杆菌essential amino acid 必需氨基酸essential fatty acid 必需脂肪酸esterification 酯化(作用)estimated safe and adequate intake 安全适当的建议摄入量estrogen 雌激素ethion 乙硫磷ethnic 人种的,人种学的Eumycetes 真菌纲evaporated milk 脱脂牛奶营养与食品卫生英文词汇（F）F-2 estrogenic mycotoxin F-2 雌性发情毒素Facioletta ilocana 伊族棘口吸虫fallout 沉降灰FAO/WHO Joint Committee of Alimentary Codex(CA-C) FAO/WHO食品卫生法规联合委员会farina 面粉,淀粉Fasciola hepatica 肝片吸虫Fasciolopsis 姜片虫属Fasciols heterophyes 异形吸虫fast-food 快餐fat 脂肪Fat-soluble vitamins 脂溶性维生素fatty acid 脂酸fecundation index 受孕率Federal Food Drugs and Cosmetic Act 联邦食品药品化妆品法(美国)Federal Radiation Council,FRC 美国联邦辐射委员会feeding test for 7 days 7天喂养试验feeding test for 90 days 90天喂养试验Fenthion 倍疏磷(百治屠)fermented tea 发酵茶Fermentive corn flour intoxication 酵(臭)米面食物中毒Fermentive corn flour 酵(臭)米面fern 蕨类(羊齿植物)ferritin 铁蛋白ferroxidase 铁氧化酶fertilizer (化学)肥料Fetal Alcohol Syndrome,FAS 胎儿酒精症候群fetus 胎儿fiber 纤维fibrin 纤维蛋白fibrinogen 纤维蛋白原finless eel 蟮鱼fish 鱼,鱼类fishery 渔业fishing ground 渔场flatulence factor 胃肠胀气因子Flavobacterium 黄杆菌属Flavobacterum farinofermentans 酵米面黄杆茴flavonoid 黄酮类化合物flour tortillas 墨西哥薄饼fluid balance 体液平衡fluorene 芴fluoride 氟化物fluoride 氟化物fluorine 氟fluorosis 氟中毒fluorosis 氟中毒folacin 叶酸folic acid 叶酸food additive 食品添加剂Food and Argriculture Organization,FAO 联合国粮农组织Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of U.S. 美国食品与药物管理局food chain 食物链food colour 食用色素food composition 食物成分food contamination 食品污染food fortifier 食品强化剂food grain other than wheat and rice 杂粮food hygiene law 食品卫生法food hygiene 食品卫生学food hygienic quality detection 食品卫生质量鉴定food origin disease 食源性疾病food poisoning 食物中毒Food Safety Council of U.S. 美国食品安全性协会food spoilage 食品腐败变质food stamp 食品券food storage 食品贮存Food toxicology 食品毒理学foot-and-mouth disease virus 口蹄疫病毒fortification 加强,强化fresh water crab 河蟹fresh water fish 淡水鱼fried bean curd 油豆腐fruitarian 果食者full blood count 全血计数fumigant 熏蒸剂fungi 真菌fungicide 杀菌剂fusarenon-X 镰刀菌烯酮-XFusarfum tricinctum 三线镰刀菌Fusarinm solani 茄病镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti 木贼镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum 禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium lateritium 砖红镰刀菌Fusarium nivale 雪腐镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum 尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium semitectum 半裸镰刀菌Fusarium sporotrichioides 拟枝孢镰刀菌Fusarium spp. 镰刀菌Fusarium toxin 镰刀菌毒素Fusarium 镰刀菌属Fusarlum moniliforme 串株镰刀菌Fusarlum poae 梨孢镰刀菌Fusarlum roseum 粉红镰刀菌Fusarlum scripi 藤草镰刀菌法语工具韩语工具企业工具最主打最优品客户服务产品购买营养与食品卫生英文词汇（G）galactotransferase 半乳糖转移酶gamma streptococcus 丙型链球菌gamma-BHC -六六六garlic 大蒜gastroenteric irritant 胃肠刺激物gellyfish 诲蜇gelsemine 钩吻碱gene mutation 基因突变genetically modified food,GMF 转基因食品geo-chemical disease 地球化学性疾病germination 发芽Giardia lamblia 贾兰第鞭毛虫Gibberella zeae 玉米赤霉ginkgo biloba L. 银杏,白果ginkgolic acid 白果酸Glass can 玻璃罐头glossitis 舌炎glucagon 胰高血糖素glucogenesis 葡萄糖生成glucogenic amino acid 生糖氨基酸glucose 葡萄糖glucosinolate 芥子甙glucuronide 葡糖苷酸glutamic acid 谷氨酸glutathione peroxdase 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutathione 谷胱甘肽glutinous rice 糯米glycemic index 血糖生成指数glycolysis 糖酵解Gnathostoma spinigerum 棘聘口线虫goitrogen 致甲状腺肿因子Good Manufacture Practice (IMP) 良好生产工艺gossypol 棉酚grain embryo 谷胚(芽)grain husk 谷皮grain moth 谷蠹grain peat 大谷盗grain processing 粮食加工grain, cereal 谷类green food 绿色食品grind into thick liquid 磨浆grind 碾磨guaiac 愈创木脂gustin 味觉素Gymnopilus spectabi1is 桔黄裸伞gypsum 石膏Gyromitra esculenta 鹿花蕈Gyromitrin 鹿花蕈素营养与食品卫生英文词汇（H）Hafnia 哈夫尼亚菌属hallucinogen 幻觉原Halobacterium 嗜盐杆菌属Halococcus 嗜盐球菌属Hansenula 汉逊酵母属harelip(cleft lip) 唇裂heat-labile toxin,LT 不耐热肠毒素heat-stable toxin,ST 耐热肠毒素heavy metal 重金属Heliotroplum lascocarpum 毛果洋茉莉helminth蠕虫hemagglutinin 血细胞凝集素heme 血红素hemicellulose 半纤维素hemoglobin 血红蛋白hemolytic toxin 溶血毒素hemosiderin 血铁黄素herbicide 除草剂heroin 海洛因,吗啡high density lipoprotein cholesterin,HDL-C 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇high density lipoprotein 高密度脂蛋白histamine 组胺histidine 组氨酸HT-2 toxin HT-2毒素hydrazine 肼,联氨hydrogen cyanide 氢氰酸hydrogenation 氢化作用hydrolysis 水解作用hydrometer (液体)比重计hydrometry 液体比重测定法hydroxocobalamine 羟钴胺素hydroxyapatite 羟磷灰石hydroxycholecalciferol 羟基胆固醇化钙,25-羟维生素D3hydroxyergocalciferol 羟基麦角钙化醇,25-羟维生素D2Hymonolepis diminuta 长膜壳绦虫hyperactivity 功能亢进的hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症hyperlipaemia 高脂蛋白血症hypertension 高血压hypervitaminosis 维生素过多症hypocalcemia 低钙血症营养与食品卫生英文词汇（I）Ibotenic acid 鹅膏鼙氨酸Idiopathic hypogeusia 自发性味觉减退Illicium anisatum L. 山大茴,毒茴香,假茴香,次大料Implantation period 着床期incidence of parturition 妊娠率income elasticity 收入弹性index of nutritional quality (INQ) 营养质量指数indicator of food hygiene quality 食品卫生质量指标indigo carmine 靛蓝胭脂红indirect calorimetry 间接测热法indole 吲哚(靛基质)Inocybe 丝盖伞属inodized salt 碘盐insecticide 杀虫剂inspector of food hygiene 食品卫生监督员insulin 胰岛素International Commission on Radiological Protection; ICRP 国际放射防护委员会iodin deficiency disorders 碘缺乏病iodine 碘ionization theory 离子化学说iron 铁islanditoxin 岛青霉毒素isoleucine 异亮氨酸isosafrole 异黄樟素Isospora hominis 人等胞子球虫Isoxazole derivative 异噁唑衍生物营养与食品卫生英文词汇（J-L）joule 焦耳junior food 幼儿食品Kahagawa phenomenon 神奈川现象kelp 海带kerantin 角蛋白ketogenic amino acid 生酮氨基酸ketosis 酮病kilocalorie 千卡Kilojoule 干焦Klebsiella 克雷伯菌属Konweys dish 康威皿kwashiorkor 恶性营养不良Labeling of INQ INQ标志(营养质量指数标志)lac insect 紫胶虫Lactarius 乳菇属lactation 泌乳,哺乳Lactobacilius 乳杆菌属L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methylester 天门冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯lathyrism 山黧豆中毒lead linear 铅线lead load 铅负荷lead 铅leaf protein 叶蛋白lean body mass 瘦体质lean