外文翻译--基于SRM的跳汰机自动排料系统.docx

翻译部分英文原文Auto-discharging System for Jigging Machine Based on SRMAbstract-This paper introduces an auto-discharging system for jigging machine based on switched reluctance motor (SRM). In this system, SRM is used to replace the traditional asynchronous motor. The hardware system, controller and software design methods are discussed in this paper. AT89C51 is taken as the core component of the speed regulation controller for SMR and works with other peripheral circuits to realize effective control on motor. The experiment shows that auto-discharging system for jigging machine based on SRM is feasible and can play an important role in stabilizing clean coal ash content, reducing clean coal loss, improving product quality and separation efficiency.Keywords：Jigging machine, auto-discharge system; switched reluctance motor1. INTRODUCTIONThe jigging machine is a kind of mechanical mineral sorting equipment and occupies an important position in the production of the large modem coal preparation plant. However, the automation level of jigging machine has been out-dated. The backward control mode in jigging coal preparation restricts the product quality, separation efficiency and process ability. One of the reasons is the lower efficiency of the motor which is used commonly in discharging system for jigging machine. How to improve the efficiency of motor has an important significance for improving coal preparation efficiency and stabilizing product quality.Switched reluctance motor (SRM) with better start characteristics is suitable for starting frequently in adverse environmental condition, high temperature and even strongvibration conditions and keeps higher efficiency. Based on these characteristics, we use switched reluctance motor instead of the traditional asynchronous motor to developauto-discharging system for jigging machine based on SRM. The experiment shows that auto-discharging system for jigging machine based on SRM is feasible and can play an important role in stabilizing clean coal ash content, reducing clean coal loss, improving product quality and separation efficiency.II. CONSTITUTION OF SPEED-REGULATION SYSTEM FOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTORSThe speed-regulation system for switched reluctance motor is composed of SRM, power converter, controller and detector, as shown in Figure 1.Figure. 1 The structure of the SRM speed-regulation system1) Switched reluctance motorSwitched reluctance motor is the key component of SRM speed-regulation system.2) Power converterThe power converter is a circuit device that is used to drive SRM and provide power for SRM. The on and off status of power switch of power converter are controlled reasonably to complete speed regulating. The cost of power converter accounts for a large proportion in whole SRM speed-regulation system, thus selecting and designing suitable power converter is one of key factors that improve performance-price ratio of SRM speed-regulation system.3) ControllerController is the centrum of system and will play an important role in the system. The function of controller is, according to actual system running status, to deal with external input instruction, speed feedback signal and feedback information of current sensor and position sensor and to control the working state of main switch device in power converter, thus, realizing the control of switched reluctance motor running status, satisfYing the running requirements.4) DetectorIn order to enable switched reluctance motor to runnormally, the corresponding phase winding must be conductive when the rotor goes to certain position and every phase windings should be switched correctly all the time. Otherwise, motor not only can not operate as perrequirement, but also the phenomena such as motor reversion,stop or rotating random may occur. In order to obtain instantaneous position of rotor while motor runs, the angle displacement sensor must be installed within motor to output correct rotor position information. This is also an obvious difference between switched reluctance motor and other motors.III. USE DESIGN OF CONTROLLER FOR SRM SPEED-REGULATION SYSTEMThe method of combining hardware circuit and singlechip computer is adopted in the design of controller for SRM speed-regulation system. Hardware circuit takes charge fast regulation task and single-chip computer completes the complex functions such as logic and parameter setting. AT89C51 single-chip computer is used as the core component of controller, in addition, other control circuits such as position detector, current and voltage detector, overcurrent protection, over voltage protection, analog and digital input, output circuit as well as display circuit and so on. The block diagram of controller for SRM speed-regulation system is shown in Figure 2.Figure.2 The hardware structure of the system controllerThe AT89C51 single-chip computer is the key part of controller and its function is comparing the given value of external rotate speed with actual value of motor speed, thencalculating controllable variables (mostly including current chopping basis Ig and motor winding firing angle on ) according to pre-established PID regulating formula, lastly, based on the external operation requirements (rotating clockwise or counter-clockwise) and the wave shape of position sensor to decide phase output signal. Moreover, the single-chip computer completes also some display functions, for instance, over voltage, low voltage, over loading and system status and so on.(1) Position sensor signal input circuit is the role of the motor position sensor signal waveform input is provided to the microcontroller, and also both isolation protection function. Single chip microcomputer according to the circuit provides the waveform can be identified motor rotor position so as to determine the corresponding output signal, can also be based on the sensor waveform cycle to calculate the practical operation of the motor speed values to PID operations and other functions.(2) Phase interruption circuit function is when the position sensor waveform changes state generates an interrupt signal to the microprocessor to provide a phase signal output to prepare.(3) Phase locked frequency multiplier circuit is used to position sensor signal cycle frequency. But the computer from accurate in conduction angle and critical angle corresponding to the output signal is broken.(4) A/D conversion and speed circuit which is to be set by the user simulation speed value through the A/D conversion module conversion to digital quantity input to the computer.(5) Over-voltage and under-voltage protection circuit when the role of the power circuit voltage exceeds the specified voltage and control the supply voltage is less than the given value to the computer sends out alarm signals from but make the corresponding treatment and protective measures of computer.(6) External operation circuit of the main role is to user requirements, such as start, stop, forward, inversion, electric, braking, dynamic and interlock control information input to the computer, as well as with external isolation effect.(7) Reset circuit is mainly divided into: power on reset, manual reset and automatic reset. When a system failure by divided so that its return to a normal state.(8) Display circuit functions to display the working status of motor speed control system. Mainly a given speed display, the given speed and actual speed synchronization, overload and locked-rotor display, over-voltage and under-voltage display, display and power supply display operation.(9) Signal output interface circuit is used to output of the single chip computer corresponding signal output to the external interface circuit so as to interface with MCU isolation effect; steering control circuits function according to users operation requirements to determine the motor running steering: the positive rotation and the reverse rotation.(10) D/A conversion and low speed chopper circuit is when the motor is running below the low speed region, the controlled variables through the D/A converter converts the analog quantity and the winding of the motor to thereby control the actual current value is compared to the motor winding current peak.(11) Current limiting protection circuit when the role of the motor winding current exceeds a rated current value when the output signal so that all the output signal of the phase in the off state, protects the main circuit of large power transistor and the effect of motor winding.(12) Logic and circuit is the role of the three signal processing logic and then output to the corresponding push circuit is amplified to drive the power circuit, isolation.IV. SOFTWARE DESIGN OF CONTROLLER FOR SRM SPEED-REGULATION SYSTEMThe programming of controller software uses assembly language of A T89C51 single-chip computer. Modularization design is adopted to increase readability and portability. For this system, the control software should meet following requirements:1) To assure that motor starts without dead zone and possesses large enough start torque to decrease torque pulsating during starting.2) To be capable of realizing motor transition smoothly between two working status, that is, low speed current chopping and high speed angle position.3) To be able to receive and judge external fault signals and protection signals, to diagnose and display faults and take corresponding prevention measures.4) To use modularization method in software programming, to generate relationship as few as possible between subroutines and transmit parameters by variables and flags. The software programming includes main, startup module, running module and phase interrupt module. The flowchart of main program is shown in Figure 3.Figure.3 The hardware structure of the system controllerV. AUTO-DISCHARGING SYSTEM FOR JIGGING MACHINE BASED ON SRMA. Constitution of Auto-discharging System for Jigging MachineIn order to discharge heavy product in time and continuously, separate product and keep stable and appropriate coal layer thickness, the modem jigging machines all use auto-discharging devices. The autodischarging device for jigging machine is mainly composed of sieve plate, flashboard, sensors Rump, electromagnetism valve, and hydraulic pressure cylinder. Figure 4 illustrates the structure of auto-discharging device for jigging machine.Figure 4. Structure diagram of jigging machine discharging systemB. The Application of Switched Reluctance Motor in AutoDischarging System for Jigging MachineThe purpose of Auto-discharging system for jigging machine is to keep stable bed thickness in jigging room by controlling discharge quantity. Stable bed thickness is the important condition that keeps jigging machine in better separation status, therefore, strongly attention is paid on the auto-discharging system for jigging machine. The basic control principle of auto-discharging system is that float detects bed thickness in jigging room and then bed thickness signal is send to controller, according to the given bed thickness and actual feedback bed thickness, via control algorithm calculating, the controller outputs signal to control discharge valve or trolley, thereby, to control discharge quantity and stabilize bed thickness.Figure 5 illustrates the constitution block diagram of material auto-discharging measurement and control system for jigging machine driven by SRM.Figure 5. Structure diagram of jigging machine discharging systemExperiments show that using SRM to drive jigging machine material discharging device, better fine coal quality can be obtained, separating density can be improved and productive effect and capacity are increased.VI. CONCLUSIONStarting with the drive source motor of jigging machine material discharging device, SRM speed regulation control technology is applied to material auto-discharging system. In this system, SRM with better performance is used to replace the traditional asynchronous motor. The characteristics of switched reluctance motor, such as suitable for starting frequently in adverse environmental condition, high temperature and even strong vibration conditions, are taken full advantage of Therefore, the auto-discharging system for jigging machine based on SRM is feasible and can play an important role in stabilizing clean coal ash content, reducing clean coal loss, improving product quality and separation efficiency.中文译文基于SRM的跳汰机自动排料系统摘要：本文介绍了一种基于开关磁阻电机（SRM）的跳汰机自动排料系统。在这个系统中,SRM是用来取代传统的异步电机。本文还对硬件系统、控制器和软件的设计方法进行了探讨。采用AT89C51作为核心调速控制的SRM与周边电路的配合实现对电机的有效控制。实验结果表明,基于SRM的跳汰机自动排料系统是可行的,在稳定洁净煤灰分、减少洁净煤损失、提高产品质量和分离效率发挥重要的作用。关键词：跳汰机，自动排料系统，交换磁阻电机关键字：跳汰机，自动排料系统，开关磁阻电机.简介跳汰机是一种机械矿物分选设备，并且在大型规模的现代化煤矿选煤厂占有重要地位。然而,跳汰机自动化水平已经过时。跳汰选煤的落后控制方式制约着产品质量、分离效率和处理能力,原因之一是跳汰机在排料系统中使用低效率的电机。如何提高电机效率对提高选煤效率和稳定煤炭洗选产品质量有重要的意义。 具有更好的起动特性开关磁阻电动机(SRM)适合在不利的环境条件、高温甚至强烈振动条件下启动并保持较高的效率。根据这些特点,我们用开关磁阻电动机SMR,而不是传统的异步电机系统开发跳汰机自动排料系统。实验结果表明,基于SRM的跳汰机自动排料系统是可行的,在稳定洁净煤灰分、减少洁净煤损失、提高产品质量和分离效率可以发挥重要的作用。. 开关磁阻电机速度调节系统的结构开关磁阻电机的速度调节系统是由SRM、电力转换器、控制器和检测器组成，如图1。图1 开关磁阻电机速度调节系统的结构1) 开关磁阻电机开关磁阻电机是开关磁阻电机速度调节系统的关键。2) 功率转换器功率转换器是一个为开关磁阻电机提供驱动和电能的电路装置。依靠功率转换器的开关状态来合理控制完成调速。功率转换器的成在整个开关磁阻电机速度调节系统中占很大比重,从而选择和设计合适的功率转换器是开关磁阻电机速度调节系统中提高性价比的关键因素之一。3）控制器控制器是中枢系统和将起到重要的作用。控制器的功能，根据实际系统运行状态，处理外部输入指令，速度反馈信号，电流传感器反馈信息和位置传感器与控制工作状态的主要开关设备电力转换器，因此，实现控制的开关磁阻电动机运行状态，满足运行要求。 4）检测器为了使开关磁阻电机正常运行，相应的相绕组转子导电时必须去某些位置和各阶段转换绕组应正确。否则，电机不但不能按要求操作，而且可能发生如电机反转，停止或旋转随机的现象。为了获得在马达运转时转子的瞬时位置，角度-位移传感器必须安装在电机转子位置来输出正确的信息。这也是开关磁阻电动机和其它电机一个很明显的区别。III. 开关磁阻电机速度调节系统使用的控制器采用单片机和硬件电路相结合的方法来对开关磁阻电机速度调节系统进行设计。硬件电路负责监管任务而单片机快速完成复杂的功能,例如逻辑及参数设置。采用AT89C51单片机作为控制器的核心部件,除此之外,其他控制电路例如位置检测器、电流和电压检测器、过流保护、过压保护、模拟和数字输入、输出电路和显示电路等也一样。开关磁阻电机速度调节系统的控制框图如图2所示。图2 控制系统的硬件结构AT89C51单片机控制的重要组成部分，它的功能是将给定的外部旋转速度值与电机速度的实际值进行比较，然后根据之前确定PID调节公式计算可控变量(主要包括电流斩波的基础值Ig和电机绕组角度on)，最后，基于外部操作要求(旋转时针或逆时针旋转)和位置传感器的波状决定相应的输出信号。此外，也有一些单片机完成显示功能，例如，过电压、低电压、超载和系统状态等等。（1）位置传感器信号输入电路的作用是将电机上的位置传感器信号波形输入提供给单片机，同时还兼备隔离保护作用。单片机根据该电路提供的波形可以确定电机转子的位置从而决定相应输出信号，另外还可以根据传感器波形周期计算出电机实际运行速度值以便进行PID运算及其他功能处理。（2）相中断电路的作用主要是当位置传感器波形状态发生变化时产生中断信号给单片机从而为下一相相信号输出做准备。（3）锁相倍频电路的作用是将位置传感器信号周期倍频。从而是计算机准确在导通角