本科毕业论文-技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响及对策.doc

河南大学经济学专业自考本科毕业论文技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响及对策作 者： 专 业： 经济学 准考证号： 指导老师： 成 绩： 身份证号： 工作单位： 完成时间：20年月 日技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响及对策摘 要: 随着关税壁垒作用日益减弱，技术性贸易壁垒作为更隐蔽、更强大的壁垒，客观上成为我国出口贸易的巨大障碍，究其原因，主要在于我国出口产品的弱质性。因此我国应加强对技术性贸易壁垒的管理，提高我国出口产品的竞争力。关键词：技术性贸易壁垒 对外贸易 影响 对策目 录 一、技术性贸易壁垒的含义及产生的背景1（一）技术性贸易壁垒的含义1（二）技术性贸易壁垒产生的背景1二、技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响2（一）技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的积极影响3（二）技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的消极影响4三、我国出口产品屡遭技术性贸易壁垒限制的原因6（一）我国出口产品和产业的相对弱质性6（二）贸易方向过于集中6（三）对技术性贸易壁垒缺乏了解7（四）对技术贸易壁垒的重视不够7（五）技术性贸易壁垒门槛愈来愈高，新的壁垒层出不穷7（六）出口产业企业缺乏有效协调8四、 我国应对技术性贸易壁垒的对策8（一）政府应应对技术性贸易壁垒的作为8（二）企业应对技术性贸易壁垒的作为10参 考 文 献12ii技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响及对策全球经济一体化和贸易自由化进程的加快，关税逐渐降低，出口配额等非关税措施日益受到限制和约束，以技术法规、技术标准、合格评定程序等为主要内容的技术性贸易壁垒成为最普遍、最难以对付的贸易壁垒，成为继反倾销之后我国产品进入国际市场所面临的又一重大挑战。随着我国对外贸易的快速发展，我国出口产品受到的技术壁垒不断增加。技术性贸易壁垒已经成为我国外贸企业面临的第一大非关税壁垒。因此，加强对技术性贸易壁垒的研究，采取相应的对策，对突破技术壁垒，促进我国对外贸易的发展，具有重要意义。一、技术性贸易壁垒的含义及产生的背景（一）技术性贸易壁垒的含义技术性贸易壁垒（Technical Barriers To TradeTBT）是指各国为维护其本国家或区域安全、保障人类健康和安全、保护动植物生命和健康、保护环境等目的，通过颁布有关法律法规、标准、实施认证、检验检疫等技术措施，对进出口贸易活动进行控制的技术性限制措施。（二）技术性贸易壁垒产生的背景技术性贸易壁垒的产生有其深刻的社会和技术背景。随着社会经济的发展，产品质量问题越来越受到重视。为了保证和审核产品质量，各国都制定了许多技术标准，建立了产品质量认证制度，进而扩展到安全认证。另外，各国在强调发展经济的同时，却对环境保护重视不够，导致生态环境不断恶化，人类的健康和生存受到威胁。为了保护生态环境，各国纷纷采取技术性措施。这些措施的实施对贸易的发展造成了重要影响。由于技术和经济发展水平不同，各国制定和实施技术性贸易壁垒的差别亦很大。随着多边贸易谈判的推进，关税壁垒不断削减，出口配额等非关税壁垒的作用也受到很大的限制。而技术性贸易壁垒等新型非关税壁垒则被大范围的应用。因其具有合理性、隐蔽性等特点，使得技术性贸易壁垒极容易被贸易保护主义者所利用，形成不合理的贸易壁垒。 欧共体的一些成员国较早地认识到技术性壁垒对成员国间贸易产生的不利影响。因此，欧共体于1969年制定了消除商品贸易中技术性壁垒的一般性纲领，首次提出了在国际贸易中限制技术性贸易壁垒的贸易规则。 1970年，关贸总协定成立了一个政策工作组，专门研究制定技术标准与质量认证程序方面的问题，并负责拟订防止技术性贸易壁垒的协议草案。1979年“东京回合”通过了技术性贸易壁垒协议（TBT协议）；“乌拉圭回合”对该协定做了进一步修改、补充和完善，同时签署了卫生措施和植物卫生措施协议（SPS协议）。二、技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的影响技术性贸易壁垒对于广大发展中国家尤其是我国而言是一把双刃剑，从短期看是弊大于利，从长期看是利大于弊。几乎所有的技术性贸易壁垒都有积极和消极两种影响，只强调某一方面是不妥的，我们应当采取措施，强化积极影响，抑制消极影响。（一）技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的积极影响1、保护生态环境，实现可持续发展当前，国际技术性贸易壁垒中的相当一部分措施都带有浓厚的绿色环保性质。例如，绿色关税要求对可能造成环境污染及破坏的进口产品征收附加税；绿色环境标志制度要求产品从研制到开发使用，直至回收利用的整个过程都符合生态环境要求；绿色包装制度要求产品包装无害，并且易于回收利用或者可自然分解等等。虽然在短期内对企业出口带来压力，但通过这些措施的实施，无疑会使国内企业在进行对外贸易时加强“绿色”概念，注重对生态环境的保护，最终实现我国经济建设的可持续发展。这在客观上是符合现阶段国家实行的“科学发展观战略”，有一定的积极意义。2、促进科技进步，实现产业结构的调整和优化从本质上说，技术性贸易壁垒在客观上是当代科技进步的必然结果，因此，面对和破解技术性贸易壁垒也就必须要依靠本国的技术进步。当一国的科学技术不断进步，其生产的效率就将迅速提高，资源配置的状态也会随之趋向优化。特别是严格的技术标准，细化的技术要求，再加上持续不断的升级，会对出口国贸易产品顺利通关形成强烈的压力，从而迫使其既要不断研制新品，又要对原有产品的生产流程、工艺和方法进行革新，实现产品的更新换代，并通过产品结构的调整带动和实现产业结构的调整和优化。 国内大部分企业已开始采取相应措施，提高自身素质，以应对国外技术性贸易壁垒，增强其出口产品的国际竞争力。在商务部的一次调查中，95.6%的企业表示，希望通过提高技术和管理水平使产品达到进口国要求，68.3%的企业希望获得国际权威认证或进口国认证。3、规范进口市场，提高进口商品的品质我国政府可以借鉴各国所采用的技术性贸易壁垒，构筑我国的贸易保护体系。通过实施技术性贸易措施，起到限制国外达不到国内相关标准的有关商品进入国内市场的作用，从而规范我国进出口市场，保护消费者的合法权益。4、促进对劳动者权益的保护，保障人民健康和安全近年来发达国家积极推行的SA8000标准认证，我们在质疑其用意的同时，无法否定的是该标准本质没错，而且日益受到国际社会的普遍认可。我国出口企业实施SA8000标准认证，促进对劳动者权益的保护，是一件好事，有助于我国劳动法及相关法规的执行，有利于提高我国产品的竞争力，有利于提高我国的国际形象。（二）技术性贸易壁垒对我国对外贸易的消极影响1、增加贸易成本，造成贸易障碍技术壁垒对企业的最大影响是成本升高，50%以上的企业认为技术壁垒导致标准不断提高，增加成本。而根据美国商务部1998年的报告和欧盟的研究，仅受技术法规影响的出口产品就占世界出口总额的25%，全世界出口因此减少15%-25%，因标准和认证减少的出口相当于出口总额的3.75%-6.25%。联合国贸发会议的一个研究报告指出，海关程序和相关活动所需的成本占贸易总额的7%-10%，对这些程序进行协调并简化可以降低25%的成本，相当于贸易总额的1.75%-2.50%。2、引发贸易争端目前技术壁垒已成为贸易争端的重要领域。由于发达国家的技术性贸易壁垒具有隐蔽性、歧视性、广泛性等特点且相互混杂，致使我国同贸易对象国之间难以协调，争端不断，严重影响了我国同对象国的贸易关系。在世贸组织争端解决案例中，有28个是与技术壁垒有关的。双边贸易中的技术壁垒争端更是层出不穷。19952003年各国提交给WTO的农产品争端中，涉及TBTSPS的48起，约占WTO所有争端的15.9%，占所有TBTSPS争端的81.4%。3、制约我国产品的出口技术壁垒较易被贸易保护主义所利用，成为其限制进口的重要手段之一。相关调查显示：2002年，中国有71%的出口企业遭遇到国外技术性贸易壁垒不同程度的限制，有39%的出口产品受到不同程度的影响，造成的损失逾170亿美元，这相当于去年出口总额的5.2%。而2000年相关数字分别为66%、25%和110亿美元。我国企业由于没有应对国外技术壁垒的得力措施，部分产品失去了市场。4、受影响地区范围广，各地受影响程度不平衡按分地区调查显示，除西藏等极少地区，各省市的外经贸发展均受到国外技术壁垒的影响，且影响程度不平衡。湖南、贵州等内陆地区接受调查的进出口企业100%认为出口受到技术壁垒的影响；浙江、山东、福建等沿海地区接受调查的进出口企业分别有86%、76%、68%认为出口受到国外技术壁垒的影响。尤其是广东，遭受的损失金额在中国各省最高。广东出口大类主要以机电、纺织、鞋帽、珠宝加工等劳动密集型传统产业为主，在国际市场上主要靠薄利多销取胜，这类产品往往成为各国TBT关注的重点。而二OO三年，广东省企业出口产品因不符合技术标准而遭遇退货的数量比上年增加了百分之六十。三、我国出口产品屡遭技术性贸易壁垒限制的原因有些学者认为，近年来我国出口贸易迅速发展，一些发达国家为了保护本国市场和产业，而对我国产品实施技术性贸易措施，其实不然，我国产品屡遭国外技术性贸易措施限制的主要原因是：（一）我国出口产品和产业的相对弱质性近年来，尽管我国外贸出口有了长足发展，但由于总体科技发展水平相对落后，许多出口产品技术含量低，质量不高，相对于国外同类产品的生产技术，产品质量与标准的不断提高，我国出口产品的弱质性就会明显表现出来。据材料显示，目前我国出口的工业制成品中，劳动密集型产品仍占相当大的比重，约62.9%，我国工业标准约有70%仍低于国际或国外先进标准，因此即使发达国家制定的技术标准不复杂、不苛刻，也足以将我们的许多出口产品拒之门外。（二）贸易方向过于集中我国贸易方向主要集中于美、日、欧盟这三个技术贸易壁垒的发源地 。目前，美、日、欧盟是我国最大的三个贸易伙伴，据统计，包括经香港的转口贸易在内，我国出口商品近75%销往美、日、欧盟等国家或地区，而这三大经济实体也是实施技术贸易壁垒的积极倡导者，绝大多数技术贸易壁垒措施发源于这三大经济实体。据商务部调查显示，欧盟、美国、日本是实施技术性贸易壁垒的主要国家和地区，其对中国出口企业造成的损失占比达95%，所采用的主要方式有“提高标准”、“增加检验检疫项目”和“技术法规变化”等，并有不断调高和提高技术要求的趋势。产品出口的地理方向决定了我国将不得不直面技术性贸易壁垒的威胁。（三）对技术性贸易壁垒缺乏了解在加入世贸之前，我国被长期排除在WTO主持的多边贸易之外，使得我们难以应对发达国家的技术贸易壁垒限制。其中包括我国的技术法规、标准和认证体系还不健全，缺乏对国外技术性贸易壁垒情况的研究，缺乏权威性的技术性贸易壁垒信息与管理机构，缺乏对国外技术性贸易壁垒的预警和争端处理机制和手段。（四）对技术贸易壁垒的重视不够我国宏观管理层次上存在某些漏洞，对国际通用的国际标准和技术管理措施知之甚少，对主要贸易对象国的技术手段缺乏了解，不能对我国出口企业在宏观上予以指导。有关专家分析指出，目前出口企业在应对中还面临诸多困难和问题：如36%的企业认为跨越技术性贸易壁垒的主要困难是“信息不灵”，38%的企业认为主要困难在于“缺乏可以达到对方指标要求的解决方案”。（五）技术性贸易壁垒门槛愈来愈高，新的壁垒层出不穷据专家估计，我国产品质量实际水平落后于发达国家1020年，而且我国标准体系混乱，有国家标准、地方标准、专业标准及企业标准，数目多而水平低下，难以与国际水平接轨。并且发达国家所采取的技术性贸易壁垒有不断调高和提高技术要求的趋势。这在一定程度上反映了发达国家技术水平和环保意识的持续提高，也存在某些国家利用技术性贸易壁垒搞贸易保护主义的倾向。（六）出口产业企业缺乏有效协调各出口行业协会及企业未充分合作，应对国外技术性贸易壁垒。许多企业反映，由于原料供货企业、加工企业、出口企业等多种经营主体间没有形成合力，难以实现全程控制，造成出口产品质量不稳定。四、 我国应对技术性贸易壁垒的对策冲破技术性贸易壁垒的限制，关键在于提高我国产品的质量和档次，要用高新技术改造传统产业，提升我国出口产品的技术含量，发展拥有自己的核心技术，促进产业结构的调整和升级，多层次、全方位、宽领域开拓国际市场。同时，鉴于技术壁垒，不仅涉及诸多技术问题，而且涉及行政管理问题，技术性、政策性很强，一般出口企业往往不甚了解，也提不出有针对性的对策，在这方面，政府应起主导作用，协助企业打破国外的技术壁垒，扩大出口。（一）政府应应对技术性贸易壁垒的作为1、针对我国主要的或大宗的出口商品，研究主要贸易伙伴国的技术性贸易壁垒的状况，以提出对策建议美国、日本、欧盟等我国主要贸易伙伴，贸易技术壁垒问题十分庞杂，要想都搞得清清楚楚，不太可能也没有必要，要重点抓住我国主要出口行业和出口产品，按行业或产品分类，研究主要贸易伙伴的有关技术法规体系、标准体系和认证体系，主动与其接轨。当前应重点考虑的是食品（肉类制品、茶叶、水产品）、玩具、鞋类、机电产品、纺织品和服装等。2、建立技术性贸易壁垒的保护体系，建立预警和快速反应机制鉴于贸易技术壁垒影响大，涉及面广，一旦某国采取措施将会对其他国家的某些商品的出口造成重大损失，各国都非常重视。例如，美国的国家标准技术院，向几个主要国家派出代表，调查研究驻在国的标准化、技术法规的情况，美国还派人常驻布鲁塞尔，专门收集欧洲标准化和认证的情况；日本、澳大利亚、新西兰等国也密切注视欧洲标准化和认证工作的发展动向，以便研究对策。在借鉴各国经验的基础上，我国应建立专门的机制，收集、研究主要贸易国家可能采取的技术性贸易措施，争取防范于未然。3、充分利用世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒咨询点的窗口作用按世贸组织的要求，各成员必须设立相应的世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒咨询点，负责技术法规、标准和合格评定方面的通报和咨询工作。各国的世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒咨询点，既要向世贸组织总部进行通报，同时，又可从总部获取来自其它国家相应的通报。我国应充分利用这个窗口，了解各成员的政府、工商、经贸团体采取的技术壁垒的细节，为国内企业提供服务，特别是可通过因特网进行咨询，及早得到其他成员制订的技术法规和合格评定的信息，及早采取相应的措施。在遵守世贸组织有关规则的同时，应灵活运用有关世界贸易组织有关协议赋予的权利，特别是对发展中国家的特殊待遇和差别待遇；也要利用其它国际公约，尤其是国际环保公约等赋予的权利，制订保护措施。4、建立协助出口商克服技术壁垒的咨询和信息服务机构出口贸易涉及的范围很广，如何为出口企业做好咨询服务，关键是要全面了解和研究世贸组织成员，特别是我国主要贸易伙伴的有关技术法规、标准和合格评定的信息。现在沿海地区的省份及各大城市大多建立了世贸组织技术性贸易壁垒咨询中心，这就使我们能够及时了解这方面的信息。5、整顿外贸进出口秩序针对国内有部分企业为一己私利，往往不顾行业整体的利益，恶意倾销，给出口市场造成极大的危害，国家应及时制止外贸企竞相杀价、恶性竞争，维持外贸出口的健康发展。（二）企业应对技术性贸易壁垒的作为1、学习研究世界贸易组织相关规则熟悉并掌握技术性贸易壁垒协议的规则，尽早采取对策，最大限度地减少或消除对外贸易中技术壁垒所形成的障碍。应着重研究如何利用技术壁垒协议中的技术法规、合格评定程序的指定、批准和实施方面的具体要求以及成员应享有的权力和待遇。2、发展科学技术，提高自身水平加快技术发展步伐，提高自身的技术水平，注重科技创新， 开发自己的核心技术，优化商品出口结构。在我国的出口商品结构中，粗加工、低附加值的初级产品仍占很大比例，相当一部分农副产品及工业品达不到进口国的产品、环境标准。因此，必须大力提高技术水平，优化商品出口结构，提高出口产品在国际市场上的竞争力。这是国内企业突破国外技术性贸易壁垒的根本法宝，也是企业自身发展壮大的要求。3、积极采用国际贸易中的质量保证体系认证、产品认证企业生产必须加快采用先进标准，与国际标准接轨，因为保护消费者的利益是当今趋势，今后的产品标准尤其是国际标准将会越来越严。通过获得相关国际标准的认证，有利于促进我国质量管理水平向国际水平靠拢，取得通往国际市场的通行证，获得良好的国际市场信誉。4、加强企业间合作在面临国外技术性贸易壁垒的风险时，各相关企业应相互协调、共同应对，发挥整体资源优势，避免因企业之间的不协调而在这过程中受到较大的损失，争取在对外贸易中取得最大利益。我国政府和企业应高度认识到加入WTO后所面临的国际竞争环境，增强危机感与紧迫感，改善管理水平，提高产品质量，消除入世后在国际贸易中可能遇到的技术性贸易壁垒，使企业在国际市场竞争中处于有利地位。 参 考 文 献1 冯宗宪, 柯大纲.，开放经济下的国际贸易壁垒，北京: 经济科学出版社,2001 2 周道坤，中国加入世界贸易组织带来的机遇与挑战，重庆: 重庆出版社,20023 李志军，怎样打造技术壁垒的矛与盾， 北京：经济日报出版社，20025 王志明，袁建新，技术性贸易壁垒的影响及中国的对策 J ，世界经济， 2003,(07)6 司法部法规教育司，WTO争端解决机制规则、程序与实践 ，法律出版社，2000年7 张海东，技术性贸易壁垒形成机制分析，财贸经济，2004年第3期请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the seven-day Chinese请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may become more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and accommodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also common that youllwait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours at the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the week-long holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the upcoming Golden Week it may not be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearns for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and mountains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the recommended travelling route, China Inner Mongolia Arxan Hailar Manzhouli. It is also the joint of the four prairies across the Sino-Mongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Khan. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of gorgeous colors all the year round - the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast alpine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name Haren Arxan means hot holy water in the Mongolian language. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand prairies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green. Nestled close to the countrys largest virgin forest, and known for its spring and ecological environment, Arxan is marveled at by many tourists as the purest land on earth. You cannot miss out the Autumn of Arxan. It is definitely the best with brightly-colored scenery full of emotions. Autumn in the northern part of the country comes earlier than the South. A September rain followed by the footprints of Autumn brings more colors to the once emerald green mountain and blooming grassland. Shutterbugs flock to see for themselves the marvel of splendid colors around the mountains and waters, many of whom have travel a long distance and even camp here only to capture a moment of the nature wonder. The silver birch turns golden, while the larch is still proudly green. You will find yourself drowned in the intoxicating red of the wild fruits as well as the glamour of flowers in full blown. And your heart will be lingering on the woods as its time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If itrains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sister-in-law. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for company. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulangs misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulang and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposite sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the Begging for Skills Festival or Daughters Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to become pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentines Day on February 14, characterized by bouquets of roses, chocolates and romantic candlelight dinners, than they do about their home-grown day for lovers. Even Qixi is nowadays referred to as the Chinese Valentines Day. More and more young Chinese people begin to celebrate this day in a very similar way as that in western countries. Fewer people than ever will gaze at the heavens on Saturday to pick out the two stars shining bright on either side of the Milky Way, that is, if people even know on which day Qixi falls. There are ready reminders dotted about, in the form of big ads saying Sales on Chinese Valentines Day! in shops, hotels and restaurants. But few young women will mark the festival with their boyfriends, or take part in traditional activities to pray for cleverness. A large-scale of exhibition on the Silk Road opened to the public in the National Museum on Thursday. The exhibition displays more than 400 treasures from Shaanxi province, Gansu province and 14 other regions. It is largest scale exhibition that shows the history of the Silk Road in recent years. AsAPECis going on in Beijing, the exhibit aims to show the world this brilliant section of history. The Silk Road is a series of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent. It connected the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea during various periods of time. I met my dear hubby in 2009 the second year I was in my school and it was the first year when he came here. We became colleagues. And there was nothing special happening during that year. He was just a kind and humble brother graduated from the same college as me. But we did not know each other till he became my colleague and his office desk was just in front of me. There was only a glass between us. So actually we could see each other when we both look up. But it is not the main reason that really draws us close. How we become close to each other was something seems quite natural. We went out to play badminton with other colleagues and we sometimes chatted for a while. He is a man of few words but somehow sometimes will say something really humorous. Then one day, to my great surprise, I found a pot of beautiful flower on my desk. It was just the flower I had talked about with my colleague the other day, and I thought it was her who put the flower there. But the truth is not. It was the humble guy sitting in front of me. He just simply said ,”well, I caught sight of this flower and thought that its beautiful and you may like it”. I wonder why I was moved because of these simple words and present. Maybe it is the sincerity and the true self that impress me. I thanked him and some colleagues walked past my desk would appreciate the beautiful flower and they noticed that something romance happened there. Then later on, there were some little surprises once in a while. Once, there was something wrong with my drawer and I had complained about it unconsciously. And he fixed it for me. Then the other day, he placed several pink diamond roses beside the flower with a piece of paper saying” I love you more than I can say! Diamond stands for marriage, rose stand for love. I hope you are mine, become my wife. You are the only girl who I really want to spend the rest of my life to stand by.” Although there were some grammar errors but I got what he meant. He meant so clear and so direct. And actually, I accepted him some days earlier. I was just waiting for him to break the ic