高一历史必修一十革命.ppt

Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 十月革命 七月流血事件 二 月 革 命 四 月 提 纲 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. “阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰 今天的“阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰 “阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰，为俄国波罗的海舰队的巡洋舰，于 1917年11月7日（俄历10月25日）21时45分，投入革命阵营的该舰官 兵按照列宁的起义计划，用炮声发出进攻临时政府所在地冬宫的信 号，为十月革命的胜利立下功勋。为了纪念这一伟大历史事件，“ 阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰作为革命纪念物，现停在圣彼得堡市内的涅瓦 河畔。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 客观 ： 主观 ： 一、十月革命的历史条件十月革命的历史条件 俄国无产阶级及其政党的成熟 1、资本主义发展缓慢，远远落后于其他帝 国主义国家 2、社会矛盾复杂： 3、一战激化矛盾 俄国是帝国主义链条上最薄弱的环节 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二月革命二月革命 19171917年年3 3月月1515日沙日沙 皇尼古拉二世宣布皇尼古拉二世宣布 退位退位 俄国出现俄国出现两个政权两个政权 并存并存的局面的局面 二、十月革命的进程十月革命的进程 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 四月提纲四月提纲 为革命指明了方向 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 七月事件七月事件 1917 1917年年7 7月月 ，俄国在前线，俄国在前线 溃败的消息传溃败的消息传 到彼得格勒，到彼得格勒， 五十万工人和五十万工人和 士兵举行示威士兵举行示威 游行。临时政游行。临时政 府出动军队，府出动军队， 向示威者开枪向示威者开枪 ，造成六百多，造成六百多 人伤亡。人伤亡。 抛幻想抛幻想 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 攻打冬宫攻打冬宫 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （满足人民三大要求） 政治： 经济： 外交： 掌握政权（最核心） 颁布告工人、士兵、农民书宣告新政权的建 立 (全部政权归苏维埃) 选举成立新的政府-人民委员会(实现人民民主 ) 颁布土地法令（消灭剥削:封建-国有） 建立经济基础（最根本） 颁布和平法令退出战争 恢复和平环境（最迫切） 巩固政权 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 三、十月革命的性质和历史意义十月革命的性质和历史意义 1、性质：人类历史上第一次取得胜利的社会主义革命。 2、意义意义: : 是人类历史上第一次取得胜利的社会主义革命，打破了资本主 义制度一统天下的局面。 沉重地打击了帝国主义的统治，鼓舞了国际无产阶级和殖民地 半殖民地人民的解放斗争，开创了国际社会主义运动的新局面 （1 1）对人类历史）对人类历史 （2 2）对世界）对世界 （3 3）对俄国）对俄国 为俄国的社会发展开辟了一条新的道路。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 俄国十月革命的胜利 背景： 过程： 影响： 从二月革命到 十月革命 理论变为现实 帝国主义链条上 最薄弱的环节 主观 客观 对世界 对俄国 对人类 夺取政权 巩固政权 四月提纲 二月革命 七月事件 十月革命 告工人、士兵和农民书 和平法令 土地法令 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 拓展提升：俄国1917年革命有何特点？中国革命道路和俄国革 命道路有何不同？导致这种不同的原因是什么？有何启示? 在相对落后的俄国首先取得革命胜利 走的是由城市扩展到农村的革命道路 民主革命和社会主义革命紧密相连 由设想和平夺权到暴力革命夺权 从革命的理论看: 从革命的道路看 : 从革命的阶段性看: 从革命实现的方式看: 俄国 “城市中心论”;中国“农村包围城市”。 具体国情不同 （1）俄国1917年革命的特点： （2）不同道路: 原因: 启示： 符合本国的国情, 不能照搬别国经验。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1（2010河源高中会考二)列宁指出：俄国革命的 国际环境、军事形势、无产阶级政党在苏维埃中获 得多数，再加上农民起义和人民转而信任布尔什维 克党，这一切把武装起义提到日程上来了。“把武 装起义提到日程来了”的“国际环境”主要是指 A俄国军队前线出击失败 B国际工人运动风起云涌 C资本主义爆发经济危机 D帝国主义国家忙于“一战” Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2（2010芜湖高三期末）右图漫画列宁同志清扫 地球形象生动地展现了俄国十月革命这一人类历 史上的重要事件。下列对此漫画的描述正确的是 赞扬了列宁领导十月革命的伟大功绩 十月革命建立了人类历史上第一个社会主义国家 十月革命对世界历史发展产生了重大影响 社会主义制度取得了对资本主义制度的决定性胜利 A B C D Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3（2010山东德州一中期末模块检测）下列对十月 革命的评价不正确的是 A是俄国历史上最深刻的一次社会变革 B打破了资本主义一统天下的局面 C是建立无产阶级专政的第一次尝试 D是人类历史上第一次获胜的社会主义革命 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4、列宁在四月提纲中提出了： A资产阶级民主革命任务 B社会主义革命的任务 C资产阶级民主革命和社会主义革命的任务 D从资产阶级民主革命过渡到社会主义革命的 任务 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5、（08海南历史，22）下列各项中，对苏俄时 期苏维埃性质的准确表述是 A相当于议会的立法机构 B行使国家权力的行政机构 C工人士兵等阶层的协商机构 D立法与行政合一的机构 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 材料一 19世纪末20世纪初，俄国进入帝国主义阶 段 俄国是小农经济占优势的国家，农业人口占全 国人口的4/5，无产阶级在全国人口中占少数，工业产 值占国民经济总产值的42.1%。俄国在经济和政治生活 中存在严重的封建农奴制残余 资本主义经济的发 展严重依赖外国资本。据统计，1900年，俄国全部股 份资本的47%以上是外国资本。 根据材料概括19世纪末20世纪初俄国资本主义发展的 特征？俄国资本主义发展的落后具体体现在哪些方面? 已进入帝国主义阶段，但发展缓慢,远远落后于其他帝国 主义国家。 一、十月革命的历史条件十月革命的历史条件 具体表现在:小农经济占优势; 经济发展在很大程度上依赖 于西方列强；野蛮落后的沙皇专制制度和严重的封建农奴制 残余依然存在 。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 沙皇制度同人民大众的矛盾尖锐；俄国社会矛盾复杂。 请回答：从著名油画-“伏尔加河上的纤夫”可以获得什么 信息？结合所学知识，俄国社会状况如何？ Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 材料三：任何一个国家也没有像俄国那样 严重地受到战争的磨难和痛苦。由于许多 历史原因（俄国比其他国家落后得多，战争带 给它的困难特别大，沙皇制度腐朽透顶，人民 继承着1905年的传统），使得俄国革命比其他 国家先爆发。如果没有战争，俄国也许会过上 几年甚