国际贸易专业外文翻译.docx

附录附录131The establishment of the European Union Barriers Tire exports difficult ，【J】Operation Trend & Market Prospect of Chinese Tire Industry Yue Chunchen and Zhang Xinhua, Double Coin Group Co., LtdOn Chinas tire industry, recalled two years ago, the United States of America tires, are still stuck in the throat. Because it makes the Chinese tire enterprises almost lost all the United States market, dozens of tire enterprises closed down, more than 30 tire companies to cut or stop production. Also because of this, the enterprise industrial raw materials China synthetic rubber, carbon black and other operating rate declined sharply, nearly 100000 unemployed workers. However, the political trade barriers brought about by the dark clouds that have not yet dispersed, the head of Chinas tire industry has come from the EUs technical trade the clouds, and at the end of 2012 down to the storm. Tire labeling regulations promulgated a new commission will be enforced in November 1, 2012. The regulations, in the car tires, light truck tires, European sales of truck tires and bus tires must label, marking tyre rolling noise and fuel efficiency, slippery grip level, goal is to 2020 European energy consumption was reduced by 20%. The regulations are the EU REACH regulations limit the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the tire use again after the strict limits. Tire labeling regulations according to the fuel consumption and the slippery road grip, the tire is divided into A, G7 grade, A represents the highest performance, G represents the poor performance. At the same time, the noise emission of tyres are classified. Calculate time, 2012 July, production of our country tire if exports to the EU, must meet specific requirements for labeling regulations, this is a very big challenge to the Chinese tire enterprises. Zhuo and information analysts Wang Yulian analysis said rubber division. At present, the EU has become the second largest export market of tire enterprises in our country, but our country to meet the requirements of the EU labeling regulations tires accounted for only 30% of total exports, and most of them in the D to the G grade. In the A - C this several grades of tire less, and most of them are wholly foreign-owned enterprise products, rather than domestic brands. This means that the laws, the door tire export enterprises in China the EU will close to a great extent. The important base of domestic tyre production in Jiangsu as an example. In 2010, Jiangsu exports to the EUs tires accounted for 26.9% of total exports, ranking the first domestic. But, at present can not reach the EU tire industry tire rolling resistance of summer demand accounted for about 38%, winter tire is about 50%. Energy-saving tire the province before the three tire company newest can reach B to C range, and in the D level and above the tire is difficult to sale in European market. This led by the EU, some countries will launch their own labeling regulations, facing Chinas tire business trade barriers will be more and more. Economic weakness in external demand by the impact of factors such as plus, if the tyre production enterprises in our country is not paid enough attention to, continue to maintain the current production situation and development, the international market will shrink further. Wang Yulian said. It is understood, South Korea 28% tire production sold to EU area, so the prospective launched a voluntary tire labeling system. The system also will become mandatory from 2012 November. In the tag, the tire rolling resistance and wet skid on grip is divided into 1 - 5 five grades. Japan in 2010 to voluntarily tire labeling system, main sign of rolling resistance of tire and a wet road grip level. The United States as early as 6 years ago by including the tire labeling regulations, regulations. At present the industry groups and regulators are the regulations for the last modification, and most likely according to the tire fuel efficiency, traction performance and tire tire classification surface wear. Latin America, Brazil is also brewing formulation of tire labeling regulations similar. In our country, at present our country tire exports has changed a lot. 1 - October 2010, Chinas tire exports year-on-year increase of up to 20%30%, but in 2011 year-on-year growth of only 6.4%. The EU tire labeling regulations for China tire enterprises once again sounded the alarm when the tire safety and environmental requirements increasing has become a global trend, China tire enterprises really need careful thinking, accelerate the development of ideas and development strategy adjustment. New challenges glue enterprises EU tire labeling regulations are issued under the demands of environmental protection and energy saving, the manufacturing process of the tire especially put forward high requirements for production of high performance rubber. And this is many domestic tyre production enterprise weakness. Longzhong petrochemical business network rubber Department analyst Tang Xiaonan said. She believes that, to meet regulatory requirements, China tire enterprises must increase the solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, rare earth neodymium using high-quality rubber butadiene rubber. The two products are key components of the production of green tire.Understand according to the reporter, at present our country there are many private glue enterprises are trying to SSBR and neodymium rare earth polybutadiene rubber production. Most of them are the introduction of foreign technology. Or is it because we could not grasp the core technology, or because of the lack of high-end technology to the ability to control in the production process, the product quality is much lower than the same brand products. The more difficulties are under pressure to find a way out of Chinas tire exports to foreign markets are facing, and production enterprises in China with a rubber development in the high-end products and more difficult. The EU tire labeling regulations after the official implementation, how these two types of interconnected enterprises to keep up with the trend of the world as soon as possible? Wang Yulian think, first of all, tire production enterprise production enterprises upstream and downstream of the glue to more exchanges, strengthen cooperation for tightness. Especially in the production of enterprises can not only produce glue quietly, but also with the downstream tire manufacturing enterprises under the new market demand new trend to research and development and production of new products. At present, too single domestic synthetic rubber enterprises produced products, in particular in the market, want to learn as soon as possible before the new regulations will cooperate with the downstream tire production enterprises prepared to deal with, not to change happens to. Wang Yulian said. Secondly, whether manufacturers tire manufacturing enterprises or glue, the need to speed up the development of emerging markets abroad, especially in ASEAN, India and China signed a trade agreement since countries and North Africa and Latin America has potential development capacity of the country. Through the implementation of diversification strategy, reduce the export market is too concentrated risk. In addition, the domestic market space in China is still relatively large, regardless of tire manufacturing enterprises or glue production enterprises to tap the domestic market demand, to further expand domestic demand. With the development of the world tire industry, safety, environmental protection, green tire has become a new round of development of the world tire industry trends. Tang Xiaonan thinks, no matter the tire manufacturing enterprises, manufacturing enterprises or glue, new regulations should attach great importance to and conscientiously study other countries about tires, positive measures in the international market, further improve the quality control system and related products test platform, and the improvement of technology in production process, and actively improve the performance product environmental protection. Progress in the implementation of the formulation of national standards departments should also accelerate the follow EU tire labeling regulations, REACH regulation, the establishment and implementation of the new norms and international regulations in tire technology, improve our tire safety and international competitiveness.附录2 外文资料的中文翻译对我国轮胎行业的人而言，回忆起两年前的美国轮胎特保案，至今都如鲠在喉。因为它让中国轮胎企业几乎失去所有美国市场，数十家轮胎企业倒闭，30 多家轮胎企业减产或停产。也因为此事，中国合成橡胶、炭黑等原材料工业企业开工率大幅下降，近10 万工人失业。然而，这桩“政治性”贸易壁垒所带来的阴霾还未散去，我国轮胎行业头顶又飘来一片来自欧盟地区的“技术性”贸易乌云，且将于2012 年末降下“大到暴雨”。欧盟委员会新出台的轮胎标签法规将于2012 年11 月1 日起强制执行。该法规规定，在欧盟销售的轿车胎、轻卡胎、卡车胎及公共汽车轮胎必须加贴标签，标示轮胎的燃油效率、滚动噪声和湿滑路面抓地力等级，目标是到2020 欧洲能源消耗减少20%。该法规是继欧盟REACH 法规对轮胎中使用的多环芳烃含量进行限制后的再次严格设限。轮胎标签法规根据燃油消耗和湿滑路面抓地力，将轮胎分为AG7 个等级，A 代表性能最高，G 代表性能最差。同时，对轮胎的噪声排放也进行了分级。“计算一下时间，我国2012 年7 月生产的轮胎如果出口欧盟，就需满足标签法规的具体要求，这对我国轮胎企业而言是非常大的考验。”卓创资讯橡胶事业部分析师王玉莲分析说。当前，欧盟已成为我国轮胎企业第二大海外出口市场，但我国符合欧盟标签法规要求的轮胎仅占出口总量的30% 左右，且大多数是在D 至G 这个档次上。处在AC 这几个等级的轮胎较少，且大多是外商独资企业生产的产品，而非国内自主品牌。“这意味着该法规实施后，我国轮胎企业出口欧盟的这扇大门会在很大程度上闭合。”以国内轮胎生产的重要基地江苏为例。2010 年，江苏出口欧盟的轮胎占其出口总量的26.9%，位居国内第一位。但是，目前不能达到欧盟轮胎行业夏季胎滚动阻力要求的约占38%，冬季胎则约为50%。该省前三大轮胎公司最新的节能轮胎可达到B 到C 范围，而在D 级以及以上的轮胎是很难在欧洲市场销售的。“ 受欧盟此举带动，不少国家必然会陆续推出自己的标签法规，我国轮胎企业面临的贸易壁垒只会越来越多。加上外需受经济疲软影响等因素，如果我国轮胎生产企业不引起足够重视，继续保持当前的生产与发展现状，国际市场会进一步萎缩。”王玉莲表示。据了解，韩国28% 的轮胎产量销往欧盟地区，因此该国前瞻性地推出了自愿性轮胎标签制度。该制度也会从2012年11 月成为强制性规定。在该标签中，轮胎按滚动阻力和湿滑路面抓地力分为15 五个等级。日本2010 年起实行自愿轮胎标签制度，主要标示轮胎的滚动阻力和湿滑路面抓地力等级。美国早在6 年前就通过了包含轮胎标签规定在内的法规。目前行业团体和监管机构正对该法规进行最后修改，最后极有可能根据轮胎的燃油效率、牵引性能和胎面磨耗对轮胎进行分级。拉美地区的巴西目前也正在酝酿制定类似的轮胎标签法规。放眼我国，目前我国轮胎出口量已经有了很大变化。2010 年，我国110月的轮胎出口增幅同比可达20%30%，但2011 年同比增幅仅6.4%。此次欧盟轮胎标签法规的出台给我国轮胎企业再次敲响了警钟当轮胎的安全和环保要求日益提高已成为一个全球趋向的时候，我国轮胎企业的确需慎重思考，加快发展思路和发展战略的调整。合胶企业新挑战“欧盟轮胎标签法规是在环保节能的诉求下出台的，对轮胎的制造工艺尤其是高性能橡胶生产提出了极高要求。而这是许多国内轮胎生产企业的软肋。”隆众石化商务网橡胶事业部分析师唐晓楠表示。她认为，要达到法规要求，我国轮胎企业必然要加大对溶聚丁苯橡胶、稀土钕系顺丁橡胶等高品质橡胶的使用。这两种产品均是生产绿色轮胎的关键成分。但目前，我国这两类橡胶产品的生产技术还比较低，很多达不到国内轮胎企业的使用要求，产量也不大，因此需从国外大量进口。据王玉莲介绍，德国朗盛集团和意大利埃尼集团目前是这两类橡胶产品的主要供应商。相比之下，我国对这些产品的研发与生产还处于起步摸索阶段。在溶聚丁苯橡胶工业化生产上，我国比西方发达国家要迟30 多年。国内现有6 套丁苯橡胶生产装置，其中4 套为乳聚丁苯橡胶生产装置，2 套