[法律资料]人身保险论文：试论损失补偿原则在人身保险中的应用.doc

人身保险论文：试论损失补偿原则在人身保险中的应用【中文摘要】损失补偿原则是保险法中的一项重要制度,目前各国保险立法都对其给与普遍的确认。在实务中,财产保险适用损失补偿原则是毋庸置疑的,但是该原则是否适用于人身保险却一直是保险法中的热点问题。笔者了解到,在保险案件中,有很大一部分案例涉及到损失补偿原则,而其中涉及到该原则是否适用于人身保险这一问题的也不为少数。因此,研究损失补偿原则是否适用于人身保险这一课题具有实践意义和现实需要。由于中国保险法律对于损失补偿原则是否适用于人身保险的相关问题没有明确规定,而且理论界对其争议也颇多,这就决定了研究该课题的理论意义。对于损失补偿原则在人身保险中是否被承认,司法上的做法各有不同。例如天津市和平区人民法院在冯跃顺诉光大永明人寿保险合同纠纷案指出“损失补偿原则不适用于人身保险”。又如2005年,贵州省高级人民法院下发的关于审理人身保险合同有关问题的通知(黔高院41号)规定,人身保险是对被保险人因疾病或遭受意外伤害而需要治疗时提供经济上的保障,补偿被保险人所支付的医疗费用,减少与避免可能遭受的物质利益的损失,其性质是一种损失补偿性的保险,被保险人不能因疾病或遭受意外伤害而从中获利。由于法律没有明文规定,法官的自由裁量权就会较大,司法实践中各个地区法院审理案件的结果就会有不同。对该课题进行研究,分析各个法院不同时期的不同做法,可以加强笔者对该课题的理解,并进而对该课题进行总结并提出新的观点。中华人民共和国保险法09年修正案已经施行,为解决保险市场出现的新问题提供了更为明确的法律依据,具有重要的法律价值和社会价值。但是它对于损失补偿原则的适用范围并未做任何修改,这使得这一问题不管在理论界还是司法实践中的争议仍大量存在。理论界中占主流的观点认为,损失补偿原则不仅适用于财产保险,还适用于人身保险中的某些险种,比如健康保险或者意外伤害保险中可以附加的医疗费用保险。笔者亦支持这一观点。本文共有四个部分,第一部分论述损失补偿原则中的基本理论；第二部分列举理论界的关于损失补偿原则适用范围的三种主要观点及理由,并提出自己的观点,即损失补偿原则不是财产保险独自适用的原则,人身保险中的部分险种也具有补偿性；第三部分提出司法实践在该领域出现的主要问题；最后从立法、司法以及保险实务三个方面提出完善损失补偿原则在具有补偿性质的人身保险中具体适用的建议。【英文摘要】The principle of compensation is one important system of the insurance law. And the insurance legislation of every country has affirmed it. In the insurance affairs practice, it is undoubted that property insurance applies to the principle of compensation. But it is a hot issue whether the life insurance applies to the principle, too. The author has known that there is much insurance case about the principle of compensation. Because the insurance laws in China are not explicitly stipulated in the question of whether the life insurance applies to the principle. And there are controversies in the theory horizon. Both resolve the theoretical significance of studying the issue.The practices of administration of justice are different about whether the principle of compensation is applied to the life insurance. For example, the court of Tianjin Heping Area have pointed out “that the life insurance doesnt applies to the principle of compensation” in the case of life insurance agreement Fengyuejin VS Yongdaguangming company. In the year of 2005, the notice about hearing the case of the life insurance agreement, issued by the Guizhou higher peoples court, ruled that the life insurance is the indemnify when the insured need cure because of illnesses or unintentional injury, compensate hospitalization costs of the insured has paid, and reduce, even avoid the lose of the material benefit, and the character of the life insurance is compensatory insurance, and the insured cant earn profit because of illnesses or unintentional injury. Because there are provisions in the law, the discretionary power of the judges is larger, and the results that different courts hear are different.The amendment of Insurance Law of the Peoples Republic of China in the year has taken effect, provides a clear legal basis for resolving new issues in the insurance market, and so provides with important legal values and social values. But it didnt amend about the applicable scope. The mainstream view of the theory horizon thinks that the principle of compensation not only applies to property insurance, but also applies to some of person insurances, like additional medical expenses insurances of health insurances or accident injury insurances. The author also supports this view.This paper consists of four parts. The first part is discussed the basic loss compensation principle theory; in the second part, the author lists the theory about loss compensation principle applicable scope of the three main points and the reasons, and put forward the authors own opinion that the compensation principle is not applicable principle of property insurance alone, and part of person insurance is planted also has compensated; in the third part, the author puts forward judicial practice occurred in this field main problems; in the final part of the paper, the author puts forward some specific suggestions that perfect the principle of compensation being applied to compensatory personal insurances from the legislative, judicial and insurance practice three aspects.【关键词】人身保险 损失补偿原则 适用范围【英文关键词】Life insurance The principle of compensation Range of application【目录】试论损失补偿原则在人身保险中的应用中文摘要6-8ABSTRACT8-9前言10-11一、损失补偿原则概述11-191、保险法上的损失与民法上的损失之比较11-122、损失补偿原则的补偿范围及补偿额度12-163、损失补偿的方法16-174、损失补偿原则的功能17-19二、损失补偿原则的适用范围辨析19-341、理论界三种观点及理由19-262、损失补偿原则适用于部分健康保险以及部分意外伤害保险26-34三、损失补偿原则的派生制度及