中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析.doc

中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析【重点讲解】语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：He wrote the letter. （主动语态）The letter was written by him. （被动语态）被动语态的时态变化只变be的形式，be后面的过去分词不变，也就是说被动结构中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。考点归纳：1、四种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时）和带情态动词的被动语态用法。带情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+ be +过去分词”构成。例如：Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 2、含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态的用法。英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语，如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow等，变为被动语态时，如果指物的宾语作主语，指人的宾语前要用介词for或to。例如：My uncle bought me a new bicycle. A new bicycle was bought for me by my uncle.I was bought a new bicycle by my uncle.3、含复合宾语的主动语态变被动语态的用法。若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为使役动词和感官动词，如make, let, feel, hear, help, make, observe, see, notice, watch, listen to, look at等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom. I was made to go out of the classroom by the teacher.We saw him play football on the playground. He was seen to play football on the playground.4、不能用于被动语态的情况。连系动词没有被动语态，但有些连系动词表示的是被动的意思，例如：I like this silk dress and it feels so soft and comfortable. （不可以用is felt）。类似的连系动词还有look, smell, taste, sound, appear 等。还有一些常见的不及物动词，如occur, happen, fall, go, take place等，也是没有被动语态的，例如：Great changes have happened in our country in the past twenty years. （不可以用have been happened）。另外，一些习惯说法，如 “自行车好骑”、“钢笔好写”、“布料好洗”、“书好卖”、“小刀好切”等等，往往不用被动语态，因为这时ride, write, wash, sell, cut等用作不及物动词。例如：I like my new bike. It rides very well. （不可以用is ridden）【习题精炼】1. Stamps _ by people for sending letters. A. useB. usingC. usedD. are used2. Many people believe that one day the earth _ if we dont know how to protect it. A. destroysB. will destroyC. will be destroyedD. is destroyed3. A new bicycle was bought _ me as a birthday present by my mother. A. for B. with C. to D. /4. A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _ while we were on holiday. A. was taken careB. took care ofC. is taken care ofD. was taken care of5. Bikes mustnt _ everywhere. A. be putB. be puttedC. putD. putting6. - Please remember to say “Im here” when your name _, will you? - Yes, sir. A. has calledB. is callingC. will callD. is called7. - Did you go to Jims birthday party? - No, I _. A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invite8. English _ in many countries, but Chinese _ their own languageA. is spoken, speaks B. speaks, is spokenC. is spoken, speak D. is spoken, is spoken9. The man who lived alone on that island thought he _ never _. A. will; findB. would; be found C. is; foundD. had; been found10. Today, too many trees are still _ in the world. A. cutting downB. cut down C. being cut down【中考链接】11. - Do you still remember the snow storm last winter? - Sure. _ people _ from going home during that time. A. One hundred, stoppedB. Ten hundreds of, were stopped C. Hundreds, stoppedD. Hundreds of, were stopped 12. - This dish tastes _. - Thank you. It _ by Mr. Smith. A. good, was cooked B. well, cooksC. bad, is cookedD. terrible, cooked13. - Germany will be _ popular with visitors this year. - Why? - Because the 2006 World Cup Soccer _ there. A. more; is holdB. much, is heldC. more, is heldD. much, is hold14. - Henry, you _ on the phone. - Oh, _. Thank you. A. are wanted, I comeB. are wanted, Im comingC. are being wanted; I come D. are wanting, Im coming 15. We are going to have the final exams tomorrow. All the books must _out of the classrooms. A. are movedB. be movedC. be move D. are move16. We are glad that the Shenzhen Underground _ very soon. A. will completeB. will be completedC. has completedD. has been completed17. The young man was often seen _ by the lake A. to draw B. to drawing C. draw D. drew 18. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popularIt _ in many schools around the world A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught 19. As usual, Meihua _ at 6:30 this morning by her mother to get ready for school. A. has woken upB. woke up C. wakes up D. was woken up 20. Im sorry you cant go in now. The room _ yet. A. hasnt been cleaned B. hasnt cleaned C. isnt been cleaned D. isnt being cleaned 【答案详解】1. 答案：D。【解析】本句应该用被动语态表达，因为邮票是被人们用来发信的。2. 答案：C。【解析】根据句意可知，从句的主语 the earth是动词destroy的承受者，所以从句应用被动语态，而且发生时间是将来，故答案选C。3. 答案：A。 【解析】英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语，如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow, award等，变为被动语态时，如果指物的宾语作主语，指人的宾语前要根据句子的意思用介词for或to。4. 答案：D。【解析】在被动语态中短语动词中的介词不能省略，所以排除A，根据句末while引导的从句的时态判断，要用一般过去时，故选D。5. 答案：A。【解析】这里考查情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。Put的过去分词与原形相同，所以排除B，选A。6. 答案：D。【解析】name与call之间存在动宾关系，名字是被呼叫的，故答案选D。7. 答案：B。【解析】“没有被邀请”发生在过去，故答案选B。8. 答案：C。【解析】英语是被讲的，所以用被动态表达，句中的Chinese表示“中国人”，而不是“汉语”。“中国人讲自己的语言”应用主动语态，故选C。9. 答案：B。【解析】住在孤岛上的人应该是被人找到，所以用被动语态。主句的谓语是thought，所以从句要用过去将来时态，故选B。若用D，则不符合逻辑。10. 答案：C。【解析】根据句意这里应用现在进行时的被动语态，即：主语 + is / am / are + being + 过去分词，cut的过去分词形式依然是cut。11. 答案：D。【解析】词组stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth.表示 “妨碍/阻止某人做某事”，本句被妨碍的对象作主语，所以要用被动语态，先可排除答案A和C。hundreds / thousands / millions of +复数可数名词，表示模糊的，夸张的数量，短语前面不可用具体数字，故选D。12. 答案：A。【解析】本题是考查被动语态，从语境来看，应该是菜肴烹制很好，主人感谢对方的赞美之词，先排除C、D答案，taste是感官动词，后接形容词作表语，虽然well有时也可以作形容词，但意思是“（身体）好”，本句不可用，故选A。13. 答案：C。【解析】“世界杯”被举行，要用被动语态is held，注意held是hold的过去分词, “德国将更有名”， popular为多音节形容词，其比较级是在原级前加more, 故答案选C。14. 答案：B。【解析】句中you和want是被动关系，“You are wanted on the phone”的意思是“你在电话里被人叫了”即“有人打电话找你”。像come, go, leave, move, fly等表示位置移动的动词，在口语中多用进行时表示即将发生的动作。所以选B。15. 答案：B。【解析】情态动词后接“be+过去分词”构成被动语态。故选B。16. 答案：B。【解析】 一般将来时的被动语态形式，即“will + be +过去分词”。故选B。17. 答案：A。【解析】如果将这个句子改为主语语态，则为：People often saw the young man draw by the lake. 在主动语态中，感官动词（see, watch, l