[初二英语]新目标八年级下册英语重难点复习提纲.doc

新目标八年级下册英语重难点期末复习提纲 Unit 1 Will people have robots?重点短语1. There will be sth = There is /are going to be sth.将有. 2.be free 空闲的 3.on computer 在电脑上 4.live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 5.fewer +可数名词复数 更少（表否定） （有a表肯定） 6.less +不可数名词 更少的 （表否定）（有a表肯定） 7in their homes 在他们家里8. (many /much) more +可复/不名 更多的 9.in five years 五年后(将来时) 10.five years ago 五年前(一般过去时) 11. sb. will be +职业 某人将成为 12. live in an apartment/on a space station住在 13. keep a pet 养宠物14. fall in love with 爱上过去式fell 15. as a report as意为“作为”16.live alone单独居住feel lonely感到孤独 alone adv.单独 lonely adj. 孤独的17.be able to do sth =can do sth 能做 18. fly to the moon 飞到月亮上 19.come true 实现 20. hear of 听说 21 be used by most people 被 使用22. science fiction movies 科幻片23 help sb.(to) do sth = help sb with +名词 帮助某人做23. .in the future 在将来24.hundreds of /thousands of 数百/数千 two hundred / five thousand 25.make robots walk : make/let sb +动词原形 让某人做26. look like 看起来像27.try（ not） to do sth尽力(不)做try doing sth尝试做28. the same as 与相同 be different from与什么不同29.wake up 醒来 wake sb up 喊某人起床get up 起床30.Its +形容词+(for sb)+to do sth 对某人而言，做某事是的 31.over and over again 反复，一遍又一遍 32.There be sb/sth +doing +地点 某处有正在做33.other + n.相当于others; the others 其余的（有范围）another, 再一个，又一个one the other 一个 另一个（只限于两者间） some some others 一些人一些人其他人(非全部)例如：New robots will have many shapes. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes.34. look for 寻找（动作） find（结果） What are you looking for? Im looking for my pen. But I cant find it,本单元目标句型：1、People wont use money. Everything will be free.人们不会再用钱了，一切都是免费的2、People will live to be 200 years old.人们会活到200岁的。3Kids wont go to school. Theyll study at home on computers.孩子们不会去上学了，他们会在家里用电脑学习5、There will be fewer trees.会有更少的树6、There will be less pollution.会有更少的污染7、What do you think Sally will be in five years?你认为Sally10年后会干什么呢？8、I think shell be a doctor.我认为他会成为一名医生的9、I fall in love with Shanghai.我爱上了上海10、I dont like living alone（adv. 修饰live）.我不喜欢独自居住11、I will be able to dress more casually.我会穿得更随意些(副词修饰动词dress ) 12、Predicting the future can be difficult.预测未来可能是很难的。13、They do simple jobs over and over again.他们一遍遍地作简单的工作14.What will the weather be like tomorrow? 明天天气将会怎么样？ 15. My life will be a lot better than it is now.(p7 a lot +比 ) 好得多16. We never know what will happen in the future?我们没人知道将来会发生什么事情。本单元语法讲解: 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：1.含tomorrow; next等短语； in+段时间 ； how soon；2.在条件状语从句中, 从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时(主将从现) I will go to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.3.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 例Be quick, or you will be late=If you dont be quick, you will be late 比较be going to 与will:be going to 表示近期、眼下，计划要发生的事情，will 表示的将来，时间则较远一些。如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you.掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分be going to与will了。 Unit 2 What should I do?重点短语1.want sb to do sth =would like sb to do sth 想要某人做 2.argue with .和争吵 = have an argument with 3.out of style 过时 =out of date 4.in style 流行的5.adj/adv +enough足够的 (good enough)6.enough +n 足够的（ 放在前后都可以）(enough water)7.Whats wrong with ?=Whats the matter/trouble/problem with? 某人/某物怎么啦？8.call sb up =call sb 给打电话 9.a ticket to a ball game 一场球赛的票 10.write sb a letter =write a letter to sb 给某人写信 11.on the phone 在电话上=by phone12.talk about 谈论 13. surprise him : surprise sb.使某人吃惊类似有：interest sb.使某人感兴趣 to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是. To my surprise,he came back om time.be surprised at sth/doing sth 对感到惊讶 14. 花费种种：人+ pay（钱） for（物）支付；为 而付款人+spendon +sth.=spend.( in) doing sth.It takes sb. sometime to do sth.物+cost sb. some money15. get a part time job 找到一份兼职工作16. borrow sth from sb从借到 (是借入,自己没有东西)lend sth to sb 把借给 (是借出,自己有东西) 注：无论借出还是借入都是针对于主语May I borrow your pen ? Can you lend me your pen?17.ask sb for sth 向某人请求 18.either也 否定句句末 too 肯定句句末 19.buy/get sth for sb = buy/get sb sth 为某人买 20.like to do sth /like doing sth 喜欢做enjoy 后只能加doing 21.Thats a good idea. 好主意 =Good idea.22.tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人(不要)做某事 ask sb (not) to do sthfind out 经过调查研究询问打听后弄清楚弄明白事实的真相。23.I dont know what to do 我不知道做什么（疑问词加不定式）24.else别的 位于特殊疑问词和不定代词之后(everyone else somebody else , what else) ; Everyone else in my class was invited except me25.except sb/sth/doing sth 除之外 (不包括) besides 除之外还有 (包括在内) P66 U926.alone adv. 独自，单独；lonely adj. 孤独的.The old man lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.26.be upset 沮丧27.leave sth +介词地点 把遗忘在（ 绝对不能用forget ） -Where is your homework, Jack? -Sorry, I left it at home. 28.get on/along well with sb 和某人相处得好 29.have a (fight with) sb 与某人打架=fight with sb 30.give some advice 提建议 (不可数)，但suggestion可数31.busy enough 足够忙的 32.fromto 从到 33.Its time for +名词 = Its time to do sth 该做的时候了 34.as much as possible 尽可能多的 as 加形容词 = asas one(代词主格) can 35. .under too much pressure 处于太大的压力下pressure不可数36 complain about sb/sth/doing sth 抱怨37 nothing new 没什么新招 属于不定代词+adi 结构 after-school clubs(activities)课外俱乐部（活动）38.take part in 参加活动 =join injoin 多指加入某组织，某党派或某社会团体，成为其中一员。 join the League 入团join the Party 入党而take part in指参加活动参加者持有积极的态度，起一份作用，有时与join in可互换join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。例句： May I join in the game?我可以参加这个比赛吗？ I hope you”ll all join in the discussion.我希望你们大家都参加讨论39.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做 see sb do sth 看见某人做了 40.compare with把和作比较41.send sb. sth. =send sth to sb 送某人某物42.Sb. find it +形容词+to do sth某人发觉做某事是的 P16eg: We find it important to learn English . 43.on the one hand 在一方面 on the other hand 在另一方面 44.do things by themselves.独立做事情本单元目标句型：1, My parents want me to stay at home every night. 我的父母每晚都想让我呆在家里。2、I dont have enough money. 我没有足够的钱。3、I argued with my best friend. 我与我最好的朋友吵架了。4、My clothes are out of style. 我的衣服过时了，5、I dont want to surprise him. 我不想让他惊异。6、You could give him a ticket to a ball game.你能给我一张球赛票。7、You could have a bake sale 你可以卖些烧烤食品8、I think you should get a part-time job我认为你应该找一份兼职工作9、Everyone else in my class was invited except me 除了我，班里别的任一个同学都被邀请了10、My cousin is the same age as me 我的表兄的与我年龄一样大11、I dont want to have a fight with my cousin我不想与我的表兄弟争吵12.The tired children dont get home until 7pm. (notuntil)13.Its time for homework.到写作业的时间了。14.The Taylors are like many American and British parents. Taylors 夫妇就像许多英美国家的父母一样。15、Parents seem to push their children a lot more父母们好像逼迫他们的孩子们更多16. Teachers complain about teaching tired kids in classroom. 老师们抱怨在教室里教着这么一群疲惫不堪的孩子。17.Pushy parents have nothing new, but now parents seem to push their children a lot more, 固执己见的父母也没有什么新招，他们现在似乎施加给孩子们更多的压力。 18、They are always comparing them with other children他们一直将他们与别的孩子做比较19. Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them. 父母们很尽力地为孩子们计划他们的生活。20.they might find it difficult to plan things for themselves.他们可能会发现很难为自己计划事情。（find it +adj. + to do）21.They also need time and freedom to relax, and they need time to do things by themselves.他们需要时间和自由来放松，也需要独立做事情。22. Why dont you talk to him about it?(提建议)= Why not talk to him about it?= You should/could talk to him about it.= What/How about talking to him about it.= Youd better talk to him about it.Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?重点短语1.in front of在的前面(外部) in the front of在的前面 (内部) 2.get out of 从出来 3.take off起飞 ，还有脱去衣服的意思 4.land on 降落 5.call the police 报警 6.at around/ about 10 oclock 在大约10点钟 7.follow sb to do 跟随某人做某事 following 下面的8.walk down 沿着走 9.jump down 跳下来 10.take a photo= take photos照相 cut hair理发11. in the tree风筝挂在树上/小鸟站在树上 on the tree苹果等长在树上（on里的O像苹果，所以是树上长的）12.run away 逃跑 13.think about 考虑 14 my flight to New York到纽约的航班15at the doctors 在医生的诊所16. in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院17. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.这是美国现代史上最重要的大事之一。One of+形高+可复 之一18. although, / although 与but 不同时出现.19.hear about /of 听说20. in silence 沉默地21 . .take place 有计划地发生 happen 偶然或意外地发生22 be born 出生23. as terrible as this as +形/副(原级)+as 与一样24. a national hero 一个民族英雄25.all over the world =around the world 全世界 本单元目标句型：1、What were you doing when the UFO arrived?当UFO 到达时，学生们正在干什么？2、I was standing in front of the library. 我正站在图书馆的前面3、当UFO 起飞的时候，这个人正在拍照4、I had a very unusual experience on Sunday 星期天，我有一个十分不寻常的经历5、I followed it to see where it was going6、Isnt that amazing! 太令人惊异了!7、Youre kidding! 你在开玩笑！8、His friends walked home together in silence他的朋友们默默的一起步行回家了9.Dr.Martin Luther Kings murder took place about thirty years ago. Dr.Martin Luther King 的谋杀案发生在大约30年前。10 . Man first walk on the moon人类首次登上月球11. His flight around the earth lasted about 22 hours.他的环球飞行持续了大约22小时。12.When he returned(=came back), he became a national hero in China, and became famous all over the world.当他返回地球的时候，他成了中国的民族英雄，因而闻名全世界。本单元语法讲解:1. 过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense）表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作句型 主语 + was/were +V-ing（1） 常连用的时间状语：at 8:00 last night; at that time;between 7 and 10 yesterday morning She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业(2)上下文暗示What were you doing when the UFO arrived?当UFO 到达时，你正在干什么？2. when与 while 都可表示当 的时候when,主从句的动作可以同时发生，也可前后进行。从句的动词可点可段while主从句的动作同时发生，从句常用进行时。从句用段动词。（While+进行时/Ving）When the UFO took off , the man was taking photosWhile the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.重点短语1.have a surprise(surprising) party for sb 为某人举行一个惊喜的聚会 soap opera 肥皂剧2.get/be mad at sb/sth 对生气/恼火 work on=be busy with 忙于3.on Friday evening 在星期五晚上 4.not any more /any longer =no more 不再 5.first of all =at first 首先6 You were supposed to meet :be supposed to do =should do 被期望去做/应该做7. Yong Lives 年轻岁月8.be good at =do well in +名词/代词/doing sth.在方面做得好 9.be better at =do better in +名/代/doing sth. 在方面做得更好 10.be hard-working 勤奋的 hard work艰苦的工作 work hard 努力工作hope to do 希望去做 hope that +句子 I hope to be a scientist in the future. =I hope that I will be a scientist in the future.11.Im sorry to hear that 听到你那样说我感到难过be +adj +to do 12.have a cold =get a cold =catch a cold感冒 13. be/keep in good health = keep/stay healthy 保持健康 14.end-of-year exams 年终考试 15.report card 成绩单 16.get +形容词 变得(例get tired/get angry/get nervous) 17.be surprised to do sth很惊讶地做be surprised at对某事感到惊讶18.I had a hard time with science. 在科学课学习方面很费劲 （have a hard time with 同P38 3a）19. pass sth on any messages to sb P31把传给message可数，information不可数20 had a big fight 21.forget to do sth 忘了去做某事（未做） forget doing sth 忘记已做的某事 （做了）22.start a bad habit 养成坏习惯 get over 原谅/克服23.sound like +形容词 听起来 24. a one-year program 为期一年的援助计划25.three times a day 一天三次26.bothand两者都most of 中的绝大多数 Some of 中的一些27.betweenand在与之间28.feel lucky 感到幸运的 29.open up my students eyes to 开阔学生们的视野 30.return to返回到 本身有back的意思，所以不能再有back 31.return sth to 把还给=give back sth tothe Hope Project 希望工程本单元目标句型：1、She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night 她说她要在周五晚上为Lana举行一个令人意外的聚会2、Im mad at Marcia 我生 Marcia 的气了3、Im hard-working.我是努力工作的4、In English Im reading than listening在英语方面，我更擅长读、听5、Hows it going? 近况如何？6、I hope you are in good health 我希望你健康7、I finished my end-of-year exams 我结束了我的期末考试8、I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life我能让学生面向外面的世界开阔眼界，并且给他们一个好的生活的开端。9.care for wild animals in danger 关爱濒危野生动物本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语概念：直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。（一）直接引语改为间接引语时的一些变化直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化：（1） 如果引述动词为现在时形式，则间接引语中的动词时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。Our headteacher often says to us,“You should help each other。”Our headteacher often tells us that we should help each other。（2）如果引述动词是过去时，如said，asked，间接引语中以上内容就要有相应变化，时态应使用过去的相对应的某种时态，。变化情况如下：现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时； 现在进行时 过去进行时；一般将来时过去将来时；现在完成时过去完成时； 例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” Tom told me that his brother was doing his homework. Mr. Xu said (that)the earth goes around the sun.2. 某些人称代词的变化： He said,“You are hard-working” He said that I was hard-working3.指示代词、表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则：直接引语 间接引语today that daynow then, at that momentyesterday the day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforetomorrowthe next day / the following day next month the next month last week the week before here therethis thatthesethosecome gobring take （二）直接引语改为间接引语时的语序：都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。 1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。用陈述语序“I want the blue one.” he told us.“我想要兰色的。”他说。 He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。 2. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种： (1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由whether或if 引导。用陈述语序 如：“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked. 那个老人问：“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？ The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital. 那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。 (2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。用陈述语序。如：“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪个房间？”他问我。 He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。 (3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由 whether/if or引导。用陈述语序。如： “Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked.妈妈问：“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？” Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Toms.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。 3. 祈使句的间接引语：当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask， 而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如：Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.”杰克说：“玛丽，明天请到我家来。”Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。 The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.”老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。 “Dont touch anything.” He said.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。He told us not to touch anything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。 Unit 5 If you go to the party, youll have a great time!重点短语1. go to the party 去参加聚会 2. have a party 举行聚会at the party聚会上3.have a great/good time =have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 4.let sb in 让某人进入 5 study for test 为考试而学习6. half the class 一半的学生 class 为集合名词，谓语动词用单数7. take it away 把它拿走 put away 收起来，放好8. ask them to leave 让他们离开9. make a lot of money 赚大钱1. 10. go to college 上大学11.get an education 受教育12. travel around the world周游世界13a professional soccer player 一名职业足球运动员 14. be famous for因而出名 be famous as 作为而出名15.join the Lions 加入雄狮队 join 多指加入某组织，某党派或某社会团体，成为其中一员。join the League 入团join the Party 入党而take part in指参加活动参加者持有积极的态度，起一份作用，有时与join in可互换join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。例句： May I join in the game?我可以参加这个比赛吗？ I hope you”ll all join in the discussion.我希望你们大家都参加讨论16.make a living（by）doing 以 谋生 17.watch you all the time and follow you everywhere 总是关注你，到处跟着你all the time = always 总是，一直18play sports for a living 靠体育运动为生 19.get injured =get hurt受伤20in fact 事实上 21.play sports for a living 以运动为谋生 22. work with children 和孩子们打交道 23. too much+不可名（U.）too many+可复(C.) much too +形/副词 实在太 25.so much 用法同too muchso many 用法同too many 本单元目标句型：1. If you go to the party ,you will have a good time .如果你去参加聚会，你就会玩得很开心。分析：if引导的条件状语从句，“主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即：（主将从现） If you finish your homework, you can go home now. 如果你做完了作业，你现在可以回家了(主情从现)If he calls , tell him Ill ring back .如果他打电话，告诉他我将给他打回去 (主祈从现)2.I think Im going to go to the party with Karen and Ann 我想我打算与Karen 和Ann 一起去参加聚会3 、If you do , youll have a great time 如果你做的话，你会玩的很高兴的4.What will happen if they have the party today?如果他们今天举行聚会，会发生什么事情呢？5、When is a good time to have the party?什么时候开晚会合适？6、If we have it today, half the class wont come 如果我们今天举行的话，一般学生不会来的7、I want you to remember the rules for school parties 我想让你去记得学校聚会的规则8、Dont bring food to the party .If you do , the teachers will take it away .不准带食物到聚会中，如果你做的话，老师会将它拿走的7、For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.对许多年轻人来说，成为一名专业运动员看起来好像是一份梦想的工作8、You will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are 你了解谁是你真正的朋友是困难的析：have a difficult time doing=have a hard time with(P30 3a)Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?重点短语1. collect stamps集邮2.skating marathon 滑冰马拉松3.a pair of 一双;一条;一副(eg: a pair of glasses/skates/shoes/pants ) 4. raise money for charity 为慈善机构募捐 raisefor 为筹集5.the first to do sth 做某事的第一个人 (eg She is the first student to get to school .)6.the whole five hours 整整五个小时 7.three and a half years =three years and a half 三年半 8.So far目前为止（用于现在完成时）9.Stuffed animals 用皮毛、毛织物等填充的玩具.10.thanks for sth /doing sth 谢谢你11.Sb.run out of sth.某人用完了某物 12.on my seventh birthday 在我第七个生日 （序数词）13. start a snow globe collectors club 开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部14.by the way 顺便说 15. fly a kite = fly kites放风筝16. the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的爱好17.organize a talent show to raise money for charity 为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示18.Im interested in the job as a writer. 我对作