初中英语语法-代词.ppt

Revision of Revision of Junior EnglishJunior English 初三英语复习初三英语复习 PronounsPronouns 代代 词词 代词的分类代词的分类 人称代词人称代词 Personal PronounsPersonal Pronouns 物主代词物主代词 Possessive PronounsPossessive Pronouns 反身代词反身代词 Self PronounsSelf Pronouns 不定代词不定代词 Indefinite PronounsIndefinite Pronouns 指示代词指示代词 Demonstrative PronounsDemonstrative Pronouns 疑问代词疑问代词 Interrogative PronounsInterrogative Pronouns 第一人称 单单数 第一人称 复数 第二人称第三人称 单单数 第三人称 复数 主格Iweyouhesheitthey 宾宾格meusyouhimheritthem 形容 词词性 物主 代词词 myouryourhisheritstheir 名词词 性物 主代 词词 mineoursyourhishersitstheirs 反身 代词词 myselfourselvesyourself yourselves himselfherselfitselfthemselves 代词 人称代词、物主代词 人称代词人称代词 Personal PronounsPersonal Pronouns 数数 单数单数 复数复数 人称人称 一一 二二 三三 一一 二二 三三 主格主格 I I youyou he she he she it it we you they we you they 宾格宾格 meme youyou him her him her it it usus your them your them 1.1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语 （动词和介词后）时用宾格（动词和介词后）时用宾格 You, sheYou, she and and I I all enjoy the music. all enjoy the music. TheyThey all like all like himhim very much. very much. Please help us!Please help us! Lucy sits between Tom and me.Lucy sits between Tom and me. Who taught you English?Who taught you English? Jacks mom with him goes shopping.Jacks mom with him goes shopping. Whos knocking at the door? Its Whos knocking at the door? Its meme. . 2.2.it it表天气表天气/ /距离距离/ /时间时间/ /身份不明的人身份不明的人 What a lovely day, isnt it?What a lovely day, isnt it? It Its about five minutes walk from home s about five minutes walk from home to school.to school. Its 5 oclock now.Its 5 oclock now. -Whos that baby? -It must be -Whos that baby? -It must be Tom.Tom. Its adj. for/ of sb. to do Its adj. for/ of sb. to do sthsth. . Find/ think/ feel/ consider it Find/ think/ feel/ consider it adj. To do adj. To do sthsth. . 物主代词物主代词 Possessive PronounsPossessive Pronouns 形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性 mymy mine mine your your your your s s his hishis his her her her her s s its itsits its our our our our s s your your your yours s their their their theirs s 用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。 形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。 名词性、独立用，主宾表语它都充。 3.3.名词性物主代词在句中可作表名词性物主代词在句中可作表/ /主主/ /宾宾 Whose dictionary is this? Its Whose dictionary is this? Its mine.mine. Our room is big and Our room is big and theirstheirs is small. is small. You may use my pen. Ill use You may use my pen. Ill use hershers. . 4.“a/an/this/that/no/each/any+n.4.“a/an/this/that/no/each/any+n.of of + +名词名词 性物主代词性物主代词” ”表示所属表示所属 A sister A sister ofof hishis is a nurse.is a nurse. Tom isTom is a friend a friend ofof minemine 5.5.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词( (不能单独使用不能单独使用) )和名和名 词性物主代词词性物主代词( (必须单独使用必须单独使用) )的关系的关系: : 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+ +名词名词= =名词性物主代词名词性物主代词 注意：注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系 是单数还是复数。是单数还是复数。 * * These books arent ours. These books arent ours. Ours Ours areare new. new. ( (our bookour books s = = oursours) ) * * This is not our room. This is not our room. OursOurs is is over there. over there. ( (our room our room = = oursours) ) 反身代词反身代词 Self PronounsSelf Pronouns 单数单数 mymyselfself your yourselfself him himself self her herselfself it itselfself 复数复数 ourourselvesselves your yourselves selves them themselvesselves 反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分： 表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。 6.6.反身代词反身代词( (一般与动作的发出者一致一般与动作的发出者一致) )在在 句中可以作宾句中可以作宾/ /表表/ /同位语同位语 He thinks more of others than of He thinks more of others than of himselfhimself. . That poor boy was That poor boy was myself.myself. He He himselfhimself was a doctor. was a doctor. I I myselfmyself can work the problem out. can work the problem out. The girl can look after himself. Help yourself to some fish, Tom! Help yourselves to soup, kids. enjoy oneself; make oneself at home;enjoy oneself; make oneself at home; hurt oneselfhurt oneself by oneself ;learn by oneself ;learn sthsth. by oneself =teach oneself . by oneself =teach oneself sthsth. . 1.My pen is broken. May I use_? A. you B. yours C. yourself D. your 2.-Are these_ coats? -No, they arent. _ are here. A. your, Ours B. your, We C. you, Ours D. you, Our 3.Dont lose_ in computer games, boys. A. yourself B. yourselves C. himself D. themselves 4.Wheres your mother? I cant find _ anywhere. A. she B. her C. he D. him 5.Mikes words are different from_. We really cant agree with_. A. A. ours, him B. ours, hes C. us, him D. us, his B A B B A 6.I saw_playing in the street at that time. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs 7The pen is hers. Pass it to_, please. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself 8.We _ at the party last Sunday. A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselves C. enjoy myself D. enjoyed themselves 9.Let Tony do it by_. He is no longer a kid A. him B. his C. himself D. he 10.Our room is big, but_ is bigger than_. A. their; our B. their; ours C. theirs; ours D. theirs; our A A B C C 11. Only_know it. A. I and he B. he and you C. he and I D. I and you 12. “Make_at home.“ he said to his friends. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours 13.Could you help_with_English? A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I 14.We cant leave my grandparents by_. A. they B. them C. themselves D. their 15. Mary, please show_ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D, me C B C C D 7.指示代词 （1） ThisThis is my shirt and is my shirt and that thats yours.s yours. TheseThese boxes are heavier than boxes are heavier than thosethose on on the desk.the desk. （2）电话用语 - Who is that? -This is Lucy speaking. 单数复数用法 thisthese近指 thatthose远指 it, one, that 作代词的区别 it特指上文提到过的事物(同一事物) one泛指上下文提及的同类人/物中的一个(必须C.N.) I lost my pen, so I will buy one this afternoon. His younger sister is taller than the elder one. I need the plastic bags, not the paper ones. that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词可数名词 单数.(复数用those=the ones) The vase on the left is more beautiful than that/ the one on the right. (1) I have many books. You can (1) I have many books. You can pick_ifpick_if you like. you like. (2) The book is mine. _ is very interesting.(2) The book is mine. _ is very interesting. (3)The weather in Beijing is much colder than_ in (3)The weather in Beijing is much colder than_ in Hainan.Hainan. (4) The cars made in Japan are more expensive (4) The cars made in Japan are more expensive than_ made in German.than_ made in German. 1. -Look, who is coming? -_ must be our English teacher. A. She B. He C. It D. This 2. I found _ not easy to get on with him. A. that B. it C. this D. one 3. The population of China is much larger than _ of China. A. it B. that C. one D. this 4. I found _ important to read English in the morning. A. it B. that C. which D. its 5. I have some apples here. You can have_. A. one B. it C. that D. those 6. _ trees are planted last year. A. This B. There C. Those D. That C B B A A C 几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词 8. 8.some/any some/any somesome（一些（一些, ,某）肯定句某）肯定句 There are There are somesome flowers in front of the house. flowers in front of the house. anyany（一些（一些, ,任何）多用于疑问句和否定句任何）多用于疑问句和否定句 Do you have Do you have anyany picture-books? picture-books? 注意：注意：somesome可用于表示请求可用于表示请求/ /征求意见的疑征求意见的疑 问句中问句中 * * Would you like Would you like some some meat?meat? * May I ask * May I ask somesome questions? questions? * Could I have * Could I have somesome apples? apples? Will you give me Will you give me somesome water? water? What about some drinks?What about some drinks? 9. 9. many/muchmany/much manymany 修饰或指代复数名词修饰或指代复数名词 * *There are There are manymany egg eggs s in the basket. in the basket. * * ManyMany of us like playing games.of us like playing games. muchmuch 修饰或指代不可数名词修饰或指代不可数名词 He doesnt know He doesnt know muchmuch English English. . 注意：注意：too many; too much; much tootoo many; too much; much too too much rich foodtoo much rich food 9.9.fewfew/ /a few a few + C. N.+ C. N. littlelittle/ /a little +U.N.a little +U.N. There are few people living here, are there?There are few people living here, are there? Tom knows a little English, doesnt he?Tom knows a little English, doesnt he? Theres little water at home. Buy some!Theres little water at home. Buy some! There are _ minutes left. Hurry up.There are _ minutes left. Hurry up. Dont worry. I have _ money here.Dont worry. I have _ money here. fewfew 和和 littlelittle 与与 quite quite 或或 only only 连用时，常加连用时，常加a a There are There are quite a fewquite a few new books in the new books in the library.library. 10.10.everyevery/ /eacheach (1)Every(1)Every不可单独用，必须不可单独用，必须单数名词单数名词 EveryEvery/ Each child likes playing games./ Each child likes playing games. (2)(2)eacheach 作定作定/ /主主/ /宾宾/ /同位语同位语, ,可与可与of of 连用连用 EachEach student was asked to try again. student was asked to try again. EachEach ofof them / the students has a skirt. them / the students has a skirt. They/ The students each have a skirt.They/ The students each have a skirt. (3)every(3)every33; each; each22 Therere trees on each side of the roads.Therere trees on each side of the roads. either side/ both sideseither side/ both sides (4) every other day= every 2/ second days(4) every other day= every 2/ second days 11.11.either both neither =2either both neither =2 any all none any all none 33 (1)The trees are planted on either side/ (1)The trees are planted on either side/ both sides of the road.both sides of the road. -Which do you want, tea or coffee?-Which do you want, tea or coffee? -NeitherNeither, I want some milk., I want some milk. -Either is OK. I dont mind drinks. -Either is OK. I dont mind drinks. -Both. Tea is for my mom and coffee is -Both. Tea is for my mom and coffee is for my dad.for my dad. Both of my parents/ the couple are actors.Both of my parents/ the couple are actors. Either/ neither of the twins is from China.Either/ neither of the twins is from China. All that glitters isnt gold.All that glitters isnt gold. (2)None of the girls is/ are foolish.(2)None of the girls is/ are foolish. 12.12.anotheranother (1)another (1)another 后面可接名词，也可单独使用后面可接名词，也可单独使用 I dislike this coat. Can you show me another I dislike this coat. Can you show me another (one)?(one)? (2)another (2)another ( 3 3 另一个另一个) the other (=2 ) the other (=2 另一个另一个) ) He has 3 sisters. One is in Wuhan, another in He has 3 sisters. One is in Wuhan, another in BejingBejing and the third in Shanghai. and the third in Shanghai. He held a book in one hand and an umbrella in the He held a book in one hand and an umbrella in the other.other. (3)another(3)another表数量的增加，再表数量的增加，再/ / 又又 If you have another try, youll succeed.If you have another try, youll succeed. another + another + 数字数字+ N. = + N. = 数字数字 + more + N.+ more + N. Would you like another two cakes?Would you like another two cakes? 13.13. other other (1)(1)other other 前加前加the/ anythe/ any等词等词 the other the other 与与 anotheranother (2)others = other +N.(2)others = other +N.(复数复数) some) some (1)(1)the others = the other + N.(the others = the other + N.(复数复数) ) (2)(2)特定范围特定范围/ / 其余全部其余全部 (3)(3)A few/ some kids are playing soccer while A few/ some kids are playing soccer while others(=other kids) are watching them.others(=other kids) are watching them. (4)(4)Two of 10 students/ the class are standing Two of 10 students/ the class are standing and the others(=the other students) are and the others(=the other students) are sitting around them.sitting around them. the otherthe other/ /othersothers/ /the othersthe others the otherthe other 1. 1. 特指两个中的另一个特指两个中的另一个 * * He has two sons. One is a worker, He has two sons. One is a worker, the the otherother is a doctor. is a doctor. 2. 2. 修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 * * Tom likes swimming, and Tom likes swimming, and the otherthe other boys in his class like swimming, too.boys in his class like swimming, too. 14.14.SomeSome/ /anyany/ /no + thing/ body/ oneno + thing/ body/ one (1)(1)复合不定代词复合不定代词+ adj.+ adj. I have I have somethingsomething important to tell you. important to tell you. Is there Is there anythinganything else in the box? else in the box? (2) (2) 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词为单数。复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词为单数。 Is anyone/ everyone here?Is anyone/ everyone here? everyone everyone 不可加不可加of; every one of; every one 可加可加ofof (3)no one (3)no one 只能指人，且不跟只能指人，且不跟ofof none none 人物均可，且可与人物均可，且可与ofof -Who won the game? -No one.-Who won the game? -No one. -How many won the game? -None.-How many won the game? -None. 15.15.疑问代词疑问代词: :构成特殊疑问句的代词构成特殊疑问句的代词 who whom whose what whichwho whom whose what which Who are you? Who are you? Who is that? Who is it?Who is that? Who is it? What are you? What are you? Who (Whom)Who (Whom) were you talking with?were you talking with? 相互代词：相互代词：each other; one anothereach other; one another As good friends, we should help each As good friends, we should help each other. other. 改错改错 1 Dont worry. There is little time left.1 Dont worry. There is little time left. 2 His book is quite different from me.2 His book is quite different from me. 3 She has two cats. One is white, another is black.3 She has two cats. One is white, another is black. Dont worry. There is Dont worry. There is a littlea little time left. time left. His book is quite different from His book is quite different from minemine She has two cats. One is white, She has two cats. One is white, the otherthe other is black. is black. 4 I have interesting something to tell you.4 I have interesting something to tell you. 5 Please give me it.5 Please give me it. 6 Every of us wants to have a look at your photo.6 Every of us wants to have a look at your photo. I have I have something interestingsomething interesting to tell you. to tell you. Please give Please give it to meit to me EachEach of us wants to have a look at your photo. of us wants to have a look at your photo. 7 He sits in front of Jim and I.7 He sits in front of Jim and I. 8 I like to receive letters but I do not like write it.8 I like to receive letters but I do not like write it. 9 He doesnt know what one to buy.9 He doesnt know what one to buy. He sits in front of Jim and He sits in front of Jim and meme. . I like to receive letters but I do not like write I like to receive letters but I do not like write themthem. . He doesnt know He doesnt know whichwhich one to buy. one to buy. ( )1 Is this your football, boys?( )1 Is this your football, boys? No, it is not _ No, it is not _ A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours ( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree.( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree. A. her B. its C. its D. hers A. her B. its C. its D. hers ( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong.( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong. A. himself B. he C. itself D. herself A. himself B. he C. itself D. herself D D B B C C ( )4 _ want to see the film.( )4 _ want to see the film. A Every student B Each student A Every student B Each student C All of students D All the students C All of students D All the students ( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have ( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have succeeded.succeeded. A. the few B. a few C. few D. little A. the few B. a few C. few D. little ( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the ( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.hospital. A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. Either A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. Either D D C C C C ( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue ( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue and _ are green.and _ are green. A. another, the other B. the other, others A. another, the other B. the other, others C. others, the others D. another, the others C. others, the others D. another, the others ( ) ( ) 8 8 I have found _ on the Internet. I have found _ on the Internet. A. a few A. a few informationsinformations B. a little B. a little informationsinformations C. a few information D. a little information C. a few information D. a little information D D D D ( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, ( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.Wednesday and Friday. A. each other B. every other A. each other B. every oth