大学英语四级培训.ppt

大学英语四级培训 真题讲题讲 解 2007.1 Spring Festival Gala On CCTV CCTV Gala of Spring Festival is a TV program live broadcast on the eve of each Spring Festival. Over the past decades many people have enjoyed the colorful and funny programs in the gala, and today some families still have a family tradition of celebrating Spring Festival by watching the gala till late into the night. Some others, especially some youngsters, however, could not understand why there are so many people who are enthusiastic for the programs in the gala. They wonder if these people can still catch up with the fast changing world. They would argue that the programs in the gala are boring and obsolete; these programs, which may last several hours, are unbearable. Therefore, they call on the cancellation of the Gala on CCTV. In my opinion, the gala, due to its popularity, shall not be cancelled in such haste. The gala does not necessarily go against the fashion and novelty of the modern world. There are various programs on the gala that may appeal to different audiences. Above all, the gala provides a good chance for family members to gather together to celebrate the coming of New Year in a traditional way. If we could be together with the persons we love and savor our togetherness, why cancel the gala on CCTV? natural usage exception particular reference essays colleagues personal What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. but to a stranger, I probably would say “would you mind closing the door?” There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. adapt to life in a different culture adapt to life in different cultures nothing is more attractive to me than reading nothing attracts me more than reading could/would have had a chance to survive could/would have survived may/might/could feel lonely when (they are) away from home at a/the rate of 12 million people per year at an annual rate of 12,000,000 people 范文 Welcome to our clubs! Welcome to join the English club! Do you have questions on how to overcome the difficulties in English learning? Do you want to know how to pass the College English Test? Do you want to improve your oral English? You will find out the answers from our activities. The activities in English club will help you to improve your oral English which can give you an advantage in job interview. As the proverb goes, practice makes perfect. We provide you the opportunity to practice your oral English. Some people complain of the minimum chance to open their mouth to speak. The chance is right in front of you, so why hesitate? If you want to join us, just call us at 02088888888 or send an email to , with personal information attached. And after two days, you will be a member of our club. So dont hesitate, join us! abandon abnormal abolish abrupt absolute abstract abundance absurd accelerate accomplish accustomed acknowledge acquaint adapt adopt adept adhere admission affirmation aggressive access (accessible) assess allergy (allergic) alert alternative amateur ambitious anniversary annual anticipate appreciate appropriate approximate architecture attach available avenge awkward attribute aptitude accuse adequate artificial Words Study bankrupt bargain barren barrier beckon behalf beneficial betray bewilder boast bonus boom border boundary brand-new brilliant budget burden burst boost bound cafeteria candidate capacity capture cautious celebrity ceremony campaign champion champagne clarify classify chaos climate cling clumsy coincidence coma combination compensation competition compliment complement comply commercial complex complicated comprehensive concise compulsory compromise conceit condemn confidential conscience conscious conscientious consent consistent considerable considerate constitute continual continuous contrary contrast contribution curiosity critical convenient damage deadly debate decade decay deceive declare decline decorate decrease dedicate deduce defeat defend (defensive) deliberate dedicate demolish demonstrate departure deposit deprive depression dessert despair desperate destruction diagnose dilemma diligent diminish discard discriminate disgraceful disguise disgust dismiss distribute distract diverse divorce domestic duplicate eliminate embark embarrass emerge emergency emigrant endeavor enforce engage enhance enlighten enormous entertain enthusiasm entitle envy equivalent era erupt essential (real) estate estimate eternal ethic ethnic evident exaggerate exceed excellent excessive exception exclaim exclusive exert expand expel expire extensive external extinct extinguish extraordinary extravagant efficient effective elaborate elegant elementary eligible flourish fluent forbid forecast former fortnight fragile frequent frustrate fulfill fade fake fancy fatal fatigue feasible fertile fierce flexible glitter global grab grand grant grasp grateful gratitude grief guarantee guilt gust handicapped harmony harsh hasty hatred hazard hearty herd hesitate (hesitant) hint historical horrible (horrify) hospitality hostage hostile household humble humid gamble generate generous genius gesture glance glare illegible illiterate illuminate illusion illustrate imaginary imaginable imitate immediately immense immigrant imminent immune impact imply (implication) impose improvement incentive incline incredible indifferent indignant induce indulge industrial industrious inevitable infect (infectious) inferior (superior) infinite inflation (deflation) influence inhabit inherit initial innocent innovation insist ideal identical identify identity idle ignore (ignorant) intelligence intend intense interact interfere interrupt interval invest investigate ironic irritate insomnia inspire install instant instinct instrument laborious landscape leak legible legislate leisure lessen levy liable liberal liberate liberty likely likelihood literal literary literate literature lodge luxury jealous judgment justice justify kidnap manufacture martial mature maximum minimum mechanic memorable menace mercy merge migrate mild moderate modest motivate multitude mysterious naughty negative neglect nominate numerous obey objective obligation obscure obstacle offend offensive offspring opaque opposite optimism option ordinary original outstanding overwhelm magic magnificent magnify maintain majority manual 写作要点 内内容是否紧紧扣主题题，涵盖提示要点； 作文结构层结构层 次是否清清晰； 语语言表达达是否流畅畅，有无重大语语病，有无逻辑错误逻辑错误 ； 是否能恰当当地使用过过渡性词语词语 ； 作文字数数是否达达到要求； 卷面是否整洁洁，书写书写 是否漂亮。 高分作文的闪闪光点 一、结构结构 清清晰的结构结构 是最大的“闪闪光点”。 二、词词和词组词组 根据上下文特定的语语境选择词汇选择词汇 。 如：1.某人持什么样么样 的观观点，不仅仅可以用think，还还可以用 hold, argue, maintain, take it for granted等表达达。 2.不要只用first, second和third。如果是两两点，可以用on the one hand, on the other hand或for one thing, for another.如果是三点，可以使用的词组词组 非常多，如to begin with, moreover, whats the most important或 in the first place, in the second place, last but not least等 等。 三、句型 加大并并列句和复复合句的比例，减减少简单简单 句的比例。 四、例子 举举例也是一种种很好的说说明、论论述的办办法，其原则则就是典型、 精 练练。 举举例最常见见的句型结构结构 是：takeas an example， 或Lets takeas an example， A good case in point is that, Just think of ，which (who) 五、谚语与谚语与 名言 要与与上下文相切合，不宜过过多。 用谚语时谚语时 常用的句型：as the famous saying (proverb) goes, , Just as said, “”, , just as the saying goes, 。 六、修辞辞 如: If life is a journey, The past twenty years witnessed 七、插插入语语 如： Other people, however, hold that To put an end to such a serious problem, in my mind, Many people, especially the parents, think it 八、标标点符号号 词汇词汇 PK 认为认为 、思考、考虑虑：think 认为认为 、主张张：argue, maintain, hold, believe 考虑虑：takeinto consideration, consider, ponder, contemplate, think over, reflect on/upon 断断定：judge 下结论结论 、断断定：come to an the conclusion, arrive at the conclusion, draw the conclusion, conclude, decide, assert, wind up得到：get 获获得：acquire, obtain, attain, reap 赢赢得、取得：earn, gain, procure 支持：support 支持、赞赞成：approve of, in favor of, uphold, stand by ones side, agree with 提倡：advocate, recommend 反对对：say no to 反对对：oppose, object to 抵制：resist 使用：use 充分运运用：optimize, make best/full use of, take advantage of 使用：employ, utilize 应应用：apply 重要的：important 意义义深远远的、重大的：far-reaching, profound, significant 重要的，有决决定性的：vital, crucial, critical 然后：then 后来来、然后：afterwards, later, later on, after that 高兴兴的：glad 高兴兴的、心情好的：be in a good mood, happy, cheerful, joyful pleased, delighted 说说、告诉诉：say, tell 表达达：voice, convey, express, deliver, communicate 描绘绘、描述、描写写：describe, picture 现现在：now 当当前、目前：nowadays, at present, currently, presently 八大类类模板：观观点类类、批驳类驳类 、办办法类类、原因类类、谚语类谚语类 、 应应用类类、图图表类类和记叙类记叙类 。 1、观观点子类类模板（对对立观观点） Peoples opinions are always different once they talk about_. Those who _ maintain that _. They also firmly believe that _. Many people think otherwise. On the one hand, _. On the other hand, _. My own opinion is that _, in this fast-developing information era, has become more than common and acceptable. If we want to _, we have to _. So why not _? they have accumulated enough experience to work smoothly and efficiently, so whats the point in changing to another job? 作文模板 job-hopping if the present job can offer neither satisfactory working conditions nor future opportunities, they will not hesitate a moment to leave never change their jobs throughout their lives they hold that life is but once and job-hopping can provide rich and exciting experiences job-hopping change for the faster, the higher and the stronger. If life is a journey, we have nothing to regret so long as we put meaning into it. make a change keep pace with the times, anyone who wants to excel in his specialty has to work hard on the same post for years to acquire the required skill and knowledge 练习练习 My View on Job-Hopping 1.有些人喜欢欢始终从终从 事一种种工作，因为为 2.有些人喜欢经欢经 常换换工作，因为为 3.我的看法 练习练习 My View on Major-Hopping major-hopping never change their major throughout their college life they have been loving their major for years and dreaming of applying what they have learned to their future work, so whats the point in changing to another major? anyone who wants to excel in his specialty has to work hard in the same field for years to acquire the required skill and knowledge if they are not interested in or satisfied with their major at college, they decide to make a change when they pursue postgraduate studies they are also likely to make the transition because they want to find a satisfactory job in the future. major-hopping keep pace with the times change for the faster, the higher, and the stronger. If we are sure that the new major fits us better and will add meaning to our life make a new beginning 作业业 My View on Students Evaluation of Teachers 1.近年来来高校出现现了学学生评评价教师教师 的制度 2.这种这种 制度带来带来 了很多好处处 3.这种这种 制度也存在很多问题问题 勤奋奋的(hardworking) 、聪聪明的(clever) 认真认真 的(careful, serious) 、累的(tired) 平静静的(calm) 、适应应(be used to) 背诵诵 1. Look before you leap. 2. To pay a person in his own coin. 3. Practice makes perfect. 4. Practice what you preach. 5. Pride will have a fall. 6. In prosperity think of adversity. 7. Well begun is half done. 8. Time and tide wait for no man. 9. Speech is silver, silence is gold. 10. As a man sows, so he shall reap. 三思而后行。 以其人之道，还还治其人之身。 熟能生巧。 言行一致。 骄骄者必败败。 居安思危。 良好的开端是成功的一半。 岁岁月不待人。 雄辩辩是银银，沉默是金。 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 背诵诵 11. All good things come to an end. 12. Man proposes, God disposes. 13. Even Homer sometimes nods. 14. No competition, no progress. 15. Its dogged that does it. 16. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 17. A miss is as good as a mile. 18. Actions speak louder than words. 19. Knowledge is power. 20. An idle youth, a needy age. 天下没有不散的筵席。 谋谋事在人,成事在天。 智者千虑虑，必有一失。 没有竞竞争就没有进进步。 世上无难难事，只怕有心人。 患难见难见 真情。 差之毫厘，失之千里。 事实胜实胜 于雄辩辩。 知识识就是力量。 少壮不努力，老大徒伤伤悲。 背诵诵 21. Better late than never. 22. Do wrong once and youll never hear the end of it. 23. Easy come, easy go. 24. Every man has his fault. 25. Live and learn. 26. All road lead to Rome. 27. It is as well to know which way the wind blows. 28. Opportunity seldom knocks twice. 29. No pains, no gains. 30. Seeing is believing. 亡羊补补牢，为时为时 未晚。 一失足成千古恨。 来的容易，去的快。 人无完人。 活到老，学到老。 条条大路通罗马罗马 。 识时务识时务 者为为俊杰。 机不可失，失不再来。 不劳劳不获获。 百闻闻不如一见见/眼见为实见为实 。 翻译译技巧 考查对查对 英语语的综综合运运用能力，包括对语对语 法、词汇词汇 、单词单词 拼写拼写 等多方面全方位的考查查。 解题题技巧： 一、解题题步骤骤： 1.确定句型 认真阅读题认真阅读题 干，注意理解已给给英文部分的含义义和结构结构 ，然后分析给给出 的汉语汉语 部分（尤其是对汉语习语对汉语习语 的理解要准确），从从整体上把握句子 的逻辑逻辑 和结构结构 ，确定所选选英语语句型。注意题题干往往已限制英语语句型， 不能随随意更改。 2.确定时态时态 如果需要翻译译的部分是句子的主语语和谓语谓语 ，那么应么应 先根据汉语内汉语内 容， 确定英语语句子选选用的主语语和谓语谓语 ，然后根据主语语和谓语谓语 确定语态语态 （主 动动句或被动动句）。如果汉语汉语 的主语较长语较长 或是句子，翻译时译时 可用it作形 式主语语。最后根据确定全句的时态时态 。 3.确定修饰饰成分 根据汉语汉语 意思确定英语语中定语语、状语状语 和从从句等修饰饰成分对应对应 的词组词组 或单词单词 ，并并确定其在句中的位置。 4.组组句 将将上述各成分按照英语语表达习惯组织达习惯组织 成句，确保句子的一致性、语语序 正确、虚词虚词 （介词词、连词连词 、冠词词等）的用法和位置无误误。 5.审审校 先核对对句意是否有出入。之后检查单词拼写检查单词拼写 、单复数单复数 、时态时态 、语态语态 、语语序、标标点等各方面是否正确。 例： _(如果我们们早点出发发)，we wouldnt be walking in the rain. 答案：If we had set out earlier 二、翻译译技巧 1.翻译译原则则：在语语言风风格和内内容上忠实实原文；符合英文表达习惯达习惯 ，切 忌 使用中式英语语；牢记记主谓谓一致原则则；避免重复复、啰嗦啰嗦 。 2.确定谓语动词时谓语动词时 要注意该动词该动词 及物和不及物的不同用法。 3.为为避免重复复，再次提到名词词或名词词短语时语时 可用代词词it, this, that, these, those, the one, the ones等来来替代。 4.短语语或分词词短语语修饰饰名词词或名词结构词结构 要放在被修饰饰成分之后。 5.对对于选选用的动词动词 ，要考虑虑其时态时态 和语态语态 ，包括其分词词作定语语和状语状语 的 情况况。 6.在英语简单语简单 句中，只能有一个谓语个谓语 部分。 翻译练习译练习 1. With the improvement of our living standards, people are _ (越来越重视视健康了). attaching more and more importance to their health 2. The improvement of the equipment _(带带来了很高 的利润润). brings a lot of profits 3. He finally realized _(他们应们应 当采取有效措施来应应付这这个 局面). that they should take effective measures to cope with the situation 4. We are getting more and more nervous _(随着考试试周 的临临近). as the exam week approached / with the approaching of the exam week 5. _ (撒谎谎又有什么用呢), if she has learned everything? Whats the good of lying 翻译练习译练习 1. _ (为为了身体的健康)，measures are being taken to control and prevent pollution. For the sake of peoples health 2. Some developing countries cannot even support their present populations, _(更不用说说将来过过多的人口了). let alone the overpopulation of the future 3. Only by being in good shape _(一个人才可能去 学习习、 工作、享乐乐). can one expect to study, work, and enjoy himself 4. We must realize that TV itself is neither good nor bad, _ (它对对人和社会的价值值取决于我们们如何看待它). and its value to people and society depends on how we look at it 5. The most striking difference between home life and dormitory life is _ _ (学生必须须开始对对自身的行为为承担责责任). that students must begin to take responsibility for their own actions 翻译练习译练习 1. However, the problem of environmental pollution remains_(远远远远 没有解决). far from being solved 2. Population explosion will _(进进一步阻碍生活水平的 提高). further hinder the improvement of living standards 3.There is no doubt that _(知识识在我们们的人生中扮演重要的角 色). knowledge plays an important role in our life 4. With the development of our national economy, _ (所有这这些问题问题 将会逐步得以解决). all these problems will be solved step by step 5.To make a wise choice, _(必须须考虑虑两个因素). two important things should be taken into consideration 翻译练习译练习 1. To protect our environment, _(我们应该们应该 学会妥善处处置废废 物). we should learn to dispose of waste properly 2. Every, _(我们们必须对须对 国家有强烈的责责任感). we must have a strong sense of responsibility to our country 3. Overpopulation is also a problem for developed countries _ (因为这为这 些国宝的自然资资源同样样有限). since natural resources in these countries are equally limited 4. Generation gap refers to _ (年长长的人和年轻轻人 之 间间在观观念、感情和兴兴趣方面的差异). the difference in ideas, feelings, and interests between older and younger people 5. Life in the university is _(并不像我们们所期望的那样样令人满满意 ). not as satisfactory as what we expected 虚拟语拟语 气 非真实真实 条条件 结构结构 形式例 句 与现与现 在 事实实相 反 If S + did, S + would (could, might, should) do If you studied hard, you would make more progress 与过与过 去 事实实相 反 If S + had done, S + would (could, might, should) have done If he had adequate preparations, he would have succeeded in the exams. 表示将将 来来 不可能 实实 现现的情 况况 If S + should (were to ) + do, S + would (could, might, should) do If there should be a flood in the small village, a lot of damage should be done 隐隐含虚拟条虚拟条 件句 假设设的情况况有时时不是通过过一个条个条 件句来实现来实现 的，而是隐隐含在一 个个介词词或介词词短语语（如：without, but for ,in the absence of ）从属连词从属连词 (but that)或并并列连词连词 (but, or) 中。 省略倒装虚拟条虚拟条 件句 如果条条件从从句中包含were, had, should ,有时时可以把if 省略，并并 且把were, had, should放在主语语前面。 虚拟语气虚拟语气 在其他从从句中的应应用 1) 表示“建议议、要求、希望、命令”等动词动词 后的宾语从宾语从 句中使用 虚拟语气虚拟语气 ，从从句中的谓语谓语 形式为为should+动词动词 原形，should常 省略。这类动词这类动词 主要有；suggest, propose, recommend, move, rule, demand, desire, order, command, direct, require, request, ask, insist, prefer, advise, urge等。 2)“It is +adj./v. ed + that ”从从句“结构结构 中的虚拟语气虚拟语气 。 这这一结构结构 中的形容词词或过过去分词词常常由表示“建议议、要求、希 望、命令”等的动词动词 作相应变应变 化而成。如:suggested, proposed, recommended, required, ordered, desirable, advisable等，that 从从句中的谓语谓语 形式为为should+动词动词 原形， should常省略。 这这一结构结构 中的形容词词常常表示“重要的，必要的”,如 :important, essential, vital, necessary, imperative等，that 从从 句中的谓语谓语 形式为为 should+动词动词 原形，should常省略。 3) 表示“建议议、要求、希望、命令”等动词动词 派生的名词词后的同位 语从语从 句中使用虚拟语气虚拟语气 ，从从句的谓语谓语 形式为为should+动词动词 原形 ,should常省略。这类这类 名词词主要有：suggestion, demand, proposal, order, advice, requirement, recommendation, request, movement, desire等。 4) lest (恐怕)，for fear that(担心)引导导的状语从状语从 句中使用虚拟虚拟 语气语气 ，从从句中的谓语谓语 形式为为should+动词动词 原形，should 常省略 。 5) 表示愿望的动词动词 wish 以及if only 引导导的惊叹惊叹 句。其谓语谓语 形 式为为： 表示对现对现 在的愿望时时，用过过去式； 表示对过对过 去的愿望时时，用过过去完成式(或coul