全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语历年试题.doc

人人免费考研资料论坛 全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语历年试题0 I前言考研英语是很多同学考研复习中需要花很多时间与精力投入的科目。一方面，英语这门学科本身是一门需要不断积累才能提高学科；另一方面，在大学期间，很多非英语专业的同学的英语学习并不系统，考研英语的难度比起平时的期中期末考试来要难得多。因此，考研英语就成了很多人迈进研究生院的一大障碍。然而，考研英语虽难，如果方法得当，用半年左右的时间，仍然可以达到考研英语的要求，甚至取得很好的成绩。近年来，考研英语的题型、难度基本稳定，而且，特点清晰。所以，认真分析历年真题，从中得出一些出题的规律，是提高英语成绩的一条捷径。下面，我们就按历年来考研英语的题型分析一下这几种题的特点：一、完型填空完形、阅读、翻译的文章都是选自外刊，语言有一定难度。它的文章的长度是一般是在240-280个字之间，加上20 个选项，每年的完形填空的长度是320 字左右。比阅读题要短一些。从近几年的试卷发现，英语知识运用(完形填空)部分题目的区分度普遍偏低，也并未发现较多的偏题、怪题。实际上，完形填空的信息量很小，即使不读选项，文章的意思也是能搞懂的。但是完形填空从本质上讲，是将传统的语法词汇题进行了变异，完形填空的考试的重心不是这篇文章所准备告知的信息，考试的重心是一个人对英语基础知识的把握和应用，这是一个长期积累的结果，四个选项的设计相当复杂，需要有很强的辨析能力。因此，考生的得分不是很高。有一点让大家注意的是：每年都考表示语句、段落之间关系的词汇或表达式，而这样的连接词语或表达式数量有限，所以考生都需要有备而来，这些词汇或表达式的题目难度普遍相对高一点。例如，2006 年的完形填空题就加大了这方面的考核强度(第1，7，11，14，18 题)。考试的导向作用在这里是显而易见的，考试怎么考，学生就怎么学，要对症下药。研究生考试是水平考试，考试大纲对考试的具体内容就不会限定太多或太窄，如2006 年大纲英语知识运用部分一定要有36%的实词、35%的虚词。再有一点是：完形填空偏重考核句内和句间语义逻辑关系，主要有：因果关系、对比关系、强调关系、递进关系、时空关系、条件关系。考生在复习时，可以有针对地复习这方面的知识。完型填空与其他题型一样，需要不断地把握解题原则。例如，在复习中应该运用语法结构原则，词语搭配原则和语义逻辑原则。在学习中要不断的总结各种语法现象，考生的做题能力才能有所提升。二、阅读理解历年的阅读理解多是选自西方英文杂志等，涉及经济、文化、教育、环境、心理学等，由于我们众多考生对于西方文化背景知识知之甚少，因此造成了阅读上的障碍。这也就要求我们平时要多注重阅读一些英美经济文化历史方面的书籍(即使是中文版的也可以)。文章以社会科学和人文科学的题材为主，而且近几年越来越重视对人文科学的考察。来源为几种重要杂志中的选文，如:TheEconomist, Newsweek, Time 等，其中7001500 词或较易删改为如此400 词左右的考题阅读时文，文章中存在个别生词，但生词总量未超纲，而且这些生词根据上下文可以推出意思，并不影响理解和解题。长难句每篇有三至四个，均为30 词以上的句子。每年考研阅读理解命题组都规定有3%的生词量，之所以这样是因为根据心理学家研究，3%的生词量不影响考生考试时的心里情绪。同时又根据语言学家的表明，3%的生词量不影响广大考生结合上下文猜出生词的意思，因此不影响文章的理解。倘若有考生在做真题的过程中，有太多的生词不认识，只能说明考研词汇掌握不到位，建议你在考研前务必将考研词汇背到3 遍以上，而且要知道怎么用。这是夯实基础的过程，不能只讲技巧学习。全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语历年试题www.kaoeasy.II com还有一点，考研和四六级不同，四六级相对简单；考研的文章则经常喜欢正反交替举例，先说作者认同的，然后又是作者要批判的，再是论证作者观点的。这样一来给考生在阅读中造成很大的障碍，经常会混淆作者的观点，因此很难。正因为这样，命题专家就非常青睐命类似的题目，这两年这种题目每次都有，而且得分率也很低。因此需要我们的考生平时阅读时要多注重对于作者态度的把握。考研阅读存在着一定的命题的风格和解题思路，题目设置以推理判断题、细节事实题、作者态度题、主旨题为主，例如，2005 年到2007 年前两种题型一共考了14 题.所以考生在研究近几年的真题时，不是简单地做题，看看自己准确度有多么高，而是要注意总结归纳，要把考细节的题归到一起分析，把推理题归到一起研究，各种题型分门别类，形成规律性的总结，对以后做题有了指导作用，研究透彻各种题型才能把握考研阅读的精髓。三、翻译翻译题目是阅读的B 部分，这个题目的特点是主要考察考生的理解能力而非翻译本身的信达雅，考生在准备这个题型的时候，首要的就是要用比较通顺的中文体现出自己理解了句子，并且在合理的时间里做完。合理的时间，当然就是考虑到这个题目的分值得出的结果，翻译共10 分，做题时间不能多于20 分钟，最好15 分钟。翻译本身是英语学习中提高能力的一种好方法，因此，在复习考研英语中，我们也可以使用翻译的方法，如果时间充裕的话，自己动手翻译一下真题，既可以提高自己的翻译水平，又可以加深自己历年真题的理解，这对做其他题也是有帮助的。四、新题型根据2006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲(非英语专业)说明，阅读理解B 节部分，主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。本题型有排序题，7选5 的题和段落大意题，该题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型，考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。五、作文考研英语要求写两篇作文。一篇是小作文，小作文多是求职信，辞职信，道歉信和感谢信等，这类作文已经给出作文内容要点，照着提示写清楚要表达的要点，表达明白即可，不需要复杂华丽的文采修饰。但应定要注意各种不同文体的格式，如书信类和通知类的不同格式。格式正确，是小作文的一个重要的得分点。大作文类型上，大体可以划分为两部分:一是从1991 到1996 年给出提纲或开头句的命题写作(现在这一题型已经基本灭绝了)；二是从1997 到2007 年给出提纲的图画或图表写作(估计以后会延续这一题型)。从选题范围上看，大都是目前人们最为关注的问题，从子女与父母的关系到健康的重要性，从近年来泛滥的行业“承诺”到世界烟民的现状，从希望工程到电视广告，从环境保护到生物种类趋于灭绝，以及2002 年、2003 年和2004 年考题所涉及的国际文化交流、青少年成才和哲理性题目，反映了当前社会的热门话题或可以用热门话题来透视的哲理性问题。另外2005 年还涉及了人际关系问题(老题重谈，但仍然和目前社会上的热点新闻相关)。从文体上看，可以划分为说明文和议论文。因为考这类体裁的写作比较符合形势发展的实际需要，在学习、工作和生活中，人们所书写的材料大多也是说明文或议论文。2005 年还增加了应用文写作(这个不在我们这篇文章讨论范围之内)。从出题形式上看，在平稳中逐渐趋于多样化。写作题目易于理解，无论以文字的形式还是以图表、图画的形式出现都浅显易懂。出题人尽量让我们不会因题目中出现生词或难以理解的短语全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语历年试题 III而影响正常发挥。总之，考研英语的这几种题各有各的特点与规律，各有各的答题技巧。而英语是考研中题型最稳定的一科，近十年来变化不大，近期也没有改变的趋势。因此，我们的英语复习就要按照这几种题型多做练习，特别是详细研究历年真题，从中总结各题型的答题方法，总结正确选项的特点，和出题人对错误选项的设置方式，其实考研英语中大量的选择题，特别是阅读题中，出题人问题的方式，正确选项与错误选项的设置，从历年真题看，它使用的方法与手段都是一样的。认真分析过历年真题的同学，在考试时，经常发现，某道题与前几年的一道题极其相似，基本上是同一个框架换了内容而已。这就告诉我们，在复习考研英语时，要认真对待历年真题，最少也要分析上五六遍。同时，还要选择一些仿真性高的模拟题，坚持经常的练习，保持状态。以这种科学的方法进行复习，相信半年多的时间足够考出一个好成绩了！全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语历年试题www.kaoeasy.IV com目录1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.11987 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.91988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.191989 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.281990 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.371991 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.451992 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.541993 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.641994 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.741995 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.841996 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.951997 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1061998 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1181999 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1302000 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1422001 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1542002 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1662003 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1762004 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1862005 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.1962006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.2072007 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.2181986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 11986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and Vocabulary 【点击讨论此题】In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if insertedat the place marked. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (15 points)EXAMPLE:I was caught _ the rain yesterday.A in B by C with D atANSWER: A1. No doctors could cure the patient _ his strange disease.A with B of C from D off2. He was _ his witsend what to do.A in B on C at D of3. Prior _ his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.A to B of C in D from4. The driving instructor told me to pull _ at the post office.A up B back C round D along5. When theres a doubt, the chairmans decision is _.A right B definite C fixed D final6. We can rely onWilliam to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always _.A unquestionable B sound C subtle D healthy7. The noise of the plane died _ in the distance.A away B out C down D off8. Hospital doctors dont go out very often as their work _ all their time.A takes away B takes in C takes over D takes up9. Attendances at football matches have _ since the coming of television.A dropped in B dropped down C dropped off D dropped out10. After the death of their parents, the sisters got well _ and never quarreled.A away B in C along D out11. They always give the vacant seats to _ comes first.A who B whom C whoever D whomever12. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _ the advertiser pays for themessage to be delivered.A in that B in which C in order that D in the way13. He is _ of an actor.A anybody B anyone C somebody D something14. The captain apologized _ to tell us more about the accident.A for to be unable B that he was unable C to be unable D for being unable15. _ is no reason for discharging her.A Because she was a few minutes late B Owing to a few minutes being late1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题www.kaoeasy.2 comC The fact that she was a few minutes late D Being a few minutes lateSection II Close Test 【点击讨论此题】For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labeled A, B, C and D.Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage beforemaking your choices. (10 points)On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or _16_ shewould walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and _17_ asharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed_18_ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour _19_ she liked best:looking in furniture shop windows.One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone towalk in and look _20_ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment beforestepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped _21_ before a green armchair. Therewas a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours _22_ less than a pound a week,”and verysmall at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.”A pound a week. _23_, she could almost paythat out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her _24_. “Can Ihelp you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her _25_.“Oh, well, no,”she said. “I was just looking.”“Weve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If youll justcome up, you will find something to suit you.”Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didnt need, left the shop hurriedly.16. A so B more C else D another17. A taking B making C fixing D keeping18. A buy B bought C buying D to have bought19. A in a way B by the way C in the way D on the way20. A behind B round C back D on21. A doubted B wondered C puzzled D delighted22. A at B for C with D in23. A Why BWhen C How D What24. A jump B leap C laugh D wonder25. A place B back C side D frontSection III Reading Comprehension 【点击讨论此题】Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in thebrackets on the left. (10 points)Text 1There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find thesecareers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demandfor people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 3any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest ratherthan the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists.” And these“generalists”are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that otherpeople do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other peoples work, to begin itand judge it.The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained”man; and hiseducational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist - and especially theadministrator - deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving.He is an “educated”man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialistcapable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particularfield. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in differentproportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs youfit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you - but this is pure accident. Certainly you should notchange jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same timeyou must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity tounderstand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.26. There is an increasing demand for _.A all round people in their own fieldsB people whose job is to organize other peoples workC generalists whose educational background is either technical or professionalD specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others27. The specialist is _.A a man whose job is to train other peopleB a man who has been trained in more than one fieldsC a man who can see the forest rather than the treesD a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters28. The administrator is _.A a “trained”man who is more a specialist than a generalistB a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC a man who is very strong in the humanitiesD a man who is an “educated”specialist29. During your training period, it is important _.A to try to be a generalistB to choose a profitable jobC to find an organization which fits youD to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist30. Amans first job _.A is never the right job for himB should not be regarded as his final job1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题www.kaoeasy.4 comC should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any jobD is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final jobText 2At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times,unknown to man. It is a great land mass with mountain ranges whose extent and elevation are stilluncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than oneper cent of its area. Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean,covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America.The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on theSouth Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world - the Atlantic, Pacific, andIndian Oceans.The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre, thus, the air over the Antarctic is farmore refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold air current from the land is so forceful that itmakes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts atthe opposite end of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million persons live within 2,000 miles ofthe North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia - a region rich in forestand mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Polethere is not a single tree, industry, or settlement.31. The best title for this selection would be _.A Iceland B Land of OpportunityC The Unknown Continent D Utopia at Last32. At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica was _.A very limited B vastC fairly rich D nonexistent33. Antarctica is bordered by the _.A Pacific Ocean B Indian OceanC Atlantic Ocean D All three34. The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by _.A cold air B calm seasC ice D lack of knowledge about the continent35. According to this article _.A 2,000 people live on the Antarctic ContinentB a million people live within 2,000 miles of the South PoleC weather conditions within a 2,000 mile radius of the South Pole make settlements impracticalD only a handful of natives inhabit AntarcticaSection IV Structure and Vocabulary 【点击讨论此题】Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences. Put your choices in the brackets on theleft. (10 points)EXAMPLE:1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 5It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it _ six houses.A ended B finished C was D lastedANSWER: D36. Music often _ us of events in the past.A remembers B memorizes C reminds D reflects37. If I take this medicine twice a day it should _ my cold.A heat B cure C treat D recover38. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldnt _ what color it was.A make out B look to C look out D take in39. I could tell he was surprised from the _ on his face.A appearance B shock C look D sight40. The toy boat turned over and sank to the _ of the pool.A base B depth C ground D bottom41. Mary never tells anyone what she does for a _.A job B work C profession D living42. That boy is such a good violinist he will probably make quite a _ for himself.A star B credit C name D character43. Old photographs give one a brief _ of the past.A glance B glimpse C sight D look44. The novelist is a highly _ person.A imaginable B imaginative C imaginary D imagined45. Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work _ in other ways.A payable B respectful C grateful D rewardingSection V Error-detection and Correction 【点击讨论此题】Each question consists