2011高考英语必看之-定语从句.ppt

林南仓中学英语组 王玉海 定语从句 The Attributive Clause 定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰 名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修 饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引 导定语从句的词叫“关系词” 1.从句的位置: 2.构成： 先行词 之后 关系词 关系代词 关系副词 How many kinds of Attributive clauses are there? 定 语 从 句 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句 关系词有两个作用： 一、引导定语从句 二、代替先行词在其引导的定语 从句中充当一定的句子成份。 引导定语从句的关系词 指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why 指人指物主语宾语 that which who whom 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以： 何时可以省略？ 做宾语时可以省略 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. 关系代词的实质 a machine the machine Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. 关系代词的实质 a machine that /which Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. 关系代词的实质 a machine that /which 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. her The girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. her The girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. her The girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. her The girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. herThe girl 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. that/who/whomThe girl Correct mistakes 1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whom whose it who 关系词的用法 关系代词 1.All _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ? that that 先行词是all ,everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引 导定语从句用that 关系代词 1.This is the best TV _ is made in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. that that 先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时，引导 定语从句用that 。 关系代词 Ive read all the books _ you lent me. that 先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰 时,引导定语从句用that 。 关系代词 1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc. that that 先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that . 关系代词 1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ? 2.Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ? that that Who做先行词时，引 导定语从句用that 1.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 Yuan . 2.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago, will come again. 3.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time. 关系代词 which who Who/Whom 在非限制性定语句 中，指物用which， 指人用who whom As 引导的非限制性定语从句 The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round. as 定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动 词一般是固定的 As It 主语从句 This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 这本书就是我丢的那本。 As 引导的限制性定语从句 As 引导的限制性定语从句 This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it. as that as that 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 定语从句 结果状语从句 1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much. 关系代词 which which whom 在介词后面，指事物 用which，指人用whom 注意：如何判断介词 This is the book_ which you asked 1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配 for 注意：动词短语不能拆开 即介词不能提前 2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. with 3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配 This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk. in the front of 关系副词 After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when B 先行词是表示地点的名词或含有 地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定 语从句,在从句做状语 关系副词 It was an exciting moment for these people this year, _ for the first time their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when D 先行词是表示时间的名词，用when 引导定语从句，在从句作状语。 关系副词 This is the reason _ I didnt come here. A. what B. why C. which D. when B 先行词是表示原因的词， 用why 引导定语从句，在 从句作状语。 whose 引导的定语从句表示所属关系 The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. whose There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose 注意 1 区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句： Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则 是状语从句。 When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions. When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions. 状语从句 定语从句 注意2： 指时间或地点作主语或宾语， 用which或that引导定语从句。 Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. This is the museum _I visited last year . when whichthat whichthat whichthat 注意3： why引导的定语从句 This is the reason ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true. which/that why 注意4：定语从句中的动词的数 He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise has have 1.She heard a terribl