中考英语专题讲练实词考查（含解析）.docx

实词知识精讲完形填空是在篇章中考查学生掌握基础知识、词汇辨析和篇章分析能力的题型。文章体裁常为记叙文、夹叙夹议文、说明文和议论文。选材体现时代性、思想性及知识性；设空以实词为主，虚词为辅，四个备选项一般都属于同一类词或同一语义范畴，要联系上下文才能得到答案。近几年中考完形填空在减少对单纯语法的考查，备选项的干扰性在增大，文章的选材大多来自英语国家，语言更地道，词汇运用更灵活。完形填空注重对实词的考查，特别是对动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词的考查。近几年中考中，对于同一动词不同形式（如：时态、语态和非谓语形式）的考查在减少，更多的是所给选项是不同的动词，考查在特定语境中动词的用法及意义，这时要根据上下文来判断或者从固定搭配方面来考虑。所给选项是不同的名词时，要根据上下文的意思来判断要用哪一个名词的什么形式或者从固定搭配方面来考虑。所给选项是形容词或副词时，要根据上下文的意思或者所填词在句中的作用来确定，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词等。三点剖析考点：近年对于完形填空中实词的考查，侧重于词义的辨析及搭配。学生在备考以及平时的学习中，除了具备必要的词汇外，还应该具备综合运用语言的能力；不能一味以语法为中心，更应该在语篇中体会语言，在真实语境中使用语言；同时还要注意各种文体的阅读，在阅读过程中，多注意上下文的联系，多体会作者的写作意图，加强分析推理能力。题模精选题模一：名词例1.1.1Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved her _ all year to buy Mum the gloves.AtimeBmoneyCenergyDfood例1.1.2She opened “Mums Wish Book” and hoped that she could find these _ in it. Teas ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog.AflowersBsunglassesCglovesDchocolates例1.1.3“Umm, a pair of gloves?” said Mr. Smith, as he passed a stamp to her.“Yes, Its a Christmas gift for Mum, but please dont tell her. Its our _, OK?” Molly didnt realize how white Mr. Smiths beard was until that moment.AsecretBchoiceCdream Dtask题模二：动词例1.2.1“I need to buy a stamp to _ the form.” She said to Mr. Smith, the only worker in the post office.AdesignBcheckCcompleteDsend例1.2.2Coming home from school every day, Molly peeked at （偷看） Dad hen Mum wasnt _, but every time he shook his head.AworkingBlookingCsmilingDtalking题模三：形容词例1.3.1Mum wouldnt buy them for herself, because the family had a _ time on the farm. AhardBlonelyCshortDbusy例1.3.2On Christmas Eve, Dad came back from mailbox, still empty handed. Molly felt _ when she went to bed, because she didnt have the gloves for Mum.AsadBstrangeCangryDtired题模四：副词例1.4.1As Molly walked back home, she decided to tell Dad her secret. “Youve got to check the mailbox every day,” said Molly _ to Dad. He nodded, with a big smile.ApatientlyBdoubtfullyCproudlyDquietly题模五：代词例1.5.1Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. _ made me feel happy and warm.AItBNothingCTheyDHe例1.5.2Once my students knew that I loved teaching them, they behaved better. My students became so dear to me that I couldnt imagine teaching _ else.AanyoneBanytimeCanythingDanywhere随堂练习随练1.1When I was in the third grade, I was chosen to be the princess in the school play. For weeks my mother had helped me practice my lines（台词）. But once on the stage, every word _1_from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator（解说者）for the play. _2_I didnt tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my _3_and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions（蒲公英）popping（炸开）_4_the grass in bunches（束）. I watched my mother bend down by one of the bunches. “I think Ill dig up（挖光）all these weeds（野草）,” she said. “From now on, well _5_have roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I protested（抗议）. “All the flowers are _6_- even dandelions!” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesnt it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded. “And that is _7_of people, too.” She added. When I _8_that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the truth. “But you will be a wonderful narrator,” she said, _9_me of how much I loved to read stories aloud. Thanks to my mothers encouragement, I got to know everybody had his or her own _10_in the world, I felt proud of the role in the play.随练1.2完形填空This Friday well have the yearly Egg Drop Challenge, said our science teacher, Mr. Baker. You can work alone or with a partner.My friend, Cassie, and I smiled at each other. We always 31 on projects together.The goal of the challenge was simple to build a protective container（容器）to keep an egg from breaking when it dropped over the stadium wall.I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie. Spreading the butter-cream gave me an idea. I have a wonderful design for our 32 container! I said when Cassie arrived. We can 33 the egg with some butter-cream.Why not put the egg in a basket with a parachute attached? Cassie rolled her eyes. The parachute is better than that stupid idea.I couldnt believe it. Of course wed had our little 34 in the past, but shed never called any of my ideas 35 before.Then Ill build mine and you build yours!Since words had been out, our friendship was challenged.When Friday finally arrived, I had to admit Cassies Egg Force One looked pretty good. Anyway, my Egg-cellent Egg Cream didnt look quite scientific. We kids carried our containers up three stadium steps and dropped them over the side wall. Those whose eggs broke were out, those whose eggs survived（幸存的） 36 three more steps and dropped them again. This would go on till the last egg broke.After four rounds, only Cassie and I were 37 . I let go of my box. I heard someone say ew after seconds. Had my egg broken? I raced down the 38 . The sidewalk was dotted with egg shells (蛋壳) from those failed drops. Finally I found my little Egg-cellent Egg Cream.That looks like egg drop soup, Laura, Cassie said. She was holding her Egg Force One. My heart raced. Had she won? I looked at her basket. 39 .My egg bounced（弹起） 40 , she explained, pointing to a broken shell.A tie（平局）, Mr. Baker said.Cassie looked at me, and her glare（瞪眼）softened. I laughed. She smiled随练1.3完形填空The Phone CallIt was getting dark. Paul looked out of the window and signed (叹气). Dad said he could come home by 5:30, but it was almost 7:00. Even if Dad came back, it wouldnt be much fun playing _31_ in the dark. Paul walked into his room and threw his baseball into the corner. He tried to do some homework, but couldnt. The phone rang at about 8:00. It was Dad: “Paul, Im _32_ , but I couldnt play baseball with you tonight. I have to finish my work at the office. Maybe we can play this weekend. Oh no. How about next weekend?.” Paul couldnt understand why Dad was so _33_ . He threw himself into the sofa and soon fell asleep. His book was still opened to the first page. The next day at school, Paul didnt hand in his homework and _34_ a test. Mrs. Green, his teacher, asked him to stay after school. “Paul, you didnt do your homework. You didnt pass the test and only got a D. This isnt like you. Whats wrong?”Paul just sat there _35_ . “Paul, if you dont want to talk, I will. I know that somethings worrying with you, but you have to get it out. You need to tell someone.” As Paul walked home, he thought of what Mrs. Green said. Maybe he didnt do his homework because he wanted to get his dads _36_ . He knew Mrs. Green was right. He decided to take her advice. When Paul got home, he _37_ his dad. But there was no answer. Then it went to voicemail (语音信箱). Paul began talking: “Dad, I cant play with you next weekend. Ive got lots of problems with my homework. Also, I really dont want to spend another day looking out of the window and waiting. Whenever you _38_ our plans, Dad, it hurts me. Its not too late to rebuild our relationship, but we have to start small. Maybe you can help me with my _39_ sometime. Dad, I love you.” As Paul ended the call, he felt much relaxed. He didnt know whether his dad would be different, but it didnt matter. He himself _40_ . He expressed his feelings to the right person. He had a clear head as he was doing his homework that evening.自我总结课后作业作业1完形填空In 1989 a strong earthquake almost flattened America, and over 300,000 people were injuredin less than four minutes. Though the earthquakes had not ended completely,a father 31 to the school where his sonwas supposed to be,only to find that the building was as flat as a pancake.After a momenthe came to himself and remembered the 32 he had made to his son: No matter what happens,Ill always be there for you! And tears began to fill his eyes. As he looked at the ruins(废墟),it looked 33 ,but he kept remembering his promise to his son. He rushed there and started digging in the ruins.As he was digging, other helpless 34 arrived, saying: Its too late! Theyre all dead! Come on,face reality. Theres nothing you can do! To each parent he just replied ,Are you going to help me now? No one helped. And then he 35 to dig for his son,stone by stone. 36 he went on alone because he needed to know for himself: Is my boy 37 or is he dead? He dug for 8 hours12 hours24 hours36 hoursThen, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his sons 38 . He screamed his sons name,“ARMAND!” He heard back,“Dad! Its me,Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you would saveme and whenyou saved me,theyd be saved. You promised,No matter what happens,Ill always bethere for you! You did it,Dad!”Whats going on there? The father asked anxiously.There are 14 of us left out of 33,Dad. Were very frightened,hungry,thirsty and thankful youre here.When the building fell down,it 39 a triangle（三角形）,and it saved us.Come out,boy!No,Dad! Let the other kids come out first,becauseI know youll 40 me! No matter what happens,I know youll always be there for me!作业2完形填空 During summer vacations, I would volunteer at the pet rescue (救助) center, so I could see a lot of dogs. Minnie was the funniest-looking dog Id ever seen by far. Her body looked like a sausage. Her hair was too thin to 31 her body. Her eyes always seemed surprised, and her tail was so short that it looked like a rats tail. She looked so strange that her 32 didnt want her any more. She was brought to the center. But I thought, “Minnie was kind and sweet. No one should laugh at her strange looking.” So I gave Minnie a good bath and 33 her in the newspaper: “Funny-looking dog, kind and sweet, needs loving 34 .” Later, a boy called me, but I warned him that Minnie was 35 . However, the boy told me that his grandfathers sixteen-year-old dog had just died. They wanted to keep Minnie very much. Hearing these words, I said that they could take Minnie away. I combed (梳) her hair, and gave her a good bath. Then we waited for them to arrive. At last, an old car stopped in front of the pet rescue center. Two kids 36 to the door. They put Minnie into their arms and rushed out to their grandfather, who was waiting in the car. I hurried behind them to see his reaction (反应). Inside the car, the grandfather put Minnie in his arms and 37 her soft hair. She looked very relaxed and happy. “Shes perfect, and I like her!” the old man said. I was 38 that Minnie had found a good owner. Just at that time, I saw that the grandfathers eyes were a milky white colorhe was blind. After that summer vacation, I missed Minnie so much. So I went back to the grandfathers house. The grandfather was walking in the garden with Minnie 39 the way. I could see both of them were happy. “Minnie is the most beautiful dog in my eyes,” said the grandfather, “Ive 40 felt happier before!” Hearing this, I was pretty happy! 作业3完形填空Bobby was sitting out in his back yard in the snow. The thin shoes he wore had a few holes in them and they did a 31 job of keeping out the cold. Try as he might, he could not come up with an idea for his mothers Christmas gift. Ever since his father had passed away three years ago, his mother worked nights at the hospital, but the small money she made could 32 be enough for their needs. Although the family was short of money, they made up for in love and family unity instead. The children 33 the household (家庭) when their mother was away. All three of Bobbys sisters had already made beautifulgifts for their mother. It was Christmas Eve already, and he had nothing. Bobby started to walk down to the street. Hewalked from shop to shop. Everything seemed so beautiful and so out of 34 . Suddenly he found something shinning on the ground. He reached down and35 a shiny dime (一角币). Never before has anyone felt so 36 as Bobby did at thatmoment. He held his new found treasure and went inside a flower shop, but his excitement quickly turned cold when he saw the 37 of flowers.When the owner asked if he could help him, Bobby 38 the dimeand asked if he could buy one flower for his mother as a Christmas gift. The shop owner looked at Bobby and his ten cent 39 , and said, “You just wait here andIll see what I can do for you.” The shop owner returned holding 12 red roses. “That will be ten cents, young man,” he said. Bobbys heartbeat fast. Slowly, he moved his hand to give the man his dime and 40 for his home. Then the shopkeepers wife appeared. “Where are the roses you were fixing?” The shop owner replied, “While I was setting up things to open the shop, I thought I heard a voice telling me to set aside a dozen of my best roses for a special gift. When I saw that little boy tonight, I knew who that voice was.”作业4完形填空The phone rang. It was Lisa, my 86-year-old friend, calling. Lisa was wondering if I could take her to Flint to see the _ (31). I promised her I could, so on the date of the appointment (预约) I drove over to her home to pick her up.Lisas eyesight was _ (32), so she wasnt able to drive her car anymore. However, she still kept her old white Cadillac and insisted that I drive it whenever we went anywhere.Lisas appointment went _ (33) and she was really satisfied with her doctor. Then, we were on our way to get a bite to eat. It was a cloudy day without any rain or snow, but the road was still busy. The _ (34) was stop and go as we were in an area by the market. We were at a _ (35) stop when someone hit us from behind. Lisa was very angry, and she even started to say some dirty words in a low voice. I could _ (36) this situation could get very bad.There really wasnt any reason why someone should rear end (追尾) the car so I wasnt sure what was going on when I pulled over. I was feeling a little _ (37) when I got out of the car. As I walked around the car a young woman got out of the car with anger! I could see all the other doors on her car starting to open. For some unknown _ (38), I walked over to this young woman and put my arms around her and gave her a hug. When I gave her a hug all the other doors shut!Lisa got out and when she saw me hugging this girl she _ (39) down. I called the police and they came out and took a report. I really dont know what was actually going on that day. I do know that I just wanted to hug this girl in my mind and I believe it _ (40) us all from what could have been a very ugly scene.答案解析实词题模精选题模一：名词例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。根据句意，莫莉通过帮助邻居遛狗来给妈妈买手套，可知莫莉在“攒钱”，故选B。例1.1.2【答案】C【解析】考查名词。根据下文中when she saw the gloves in the catalog可知，上文她发现的是gloves。故选C。例1.1.3【答案】A【解析】考查名词。根据由上文It is a Christmas gift for Mum, but please dont tell her, 以及下文中she decided to tell Dad her secret. 可知是个秘密。故选A。题模二：动词例1.2.1【答案】D【解析】考查动词。根据上文中Molly went straight to the post office, buy a stamp 可知是去邮局然后贴邮票最后将东西寄出去。故选D。例1.2.2【答案】B【解析】考查动词。根据上文中的peek at，莫莉偷看爸爸，既然是偷看，可见是在妈妈没看到的时候。故选B。题模三：形容词例1.3.1【答案】A【解析】考查动词。根据上下文语境Mum couldnt buy them for herself 和Maybe someday, Ill have the money to get them. 可知她的家庭比较困难。故选A。例1.3.2【答案】A【解析】考查动词。根据上文在圣诞节前夕，邮箱还是空的，莫莉给妈妈买的手套还没收到，可见此时的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。题模四：副词例1.4.1【答案】D【解析】考查副词。quietly表示“悄悄地、秘密地”，此处要填的是莫莉对爸爸说“Youve got to check the mailbox every day”这句话的情感，可以看出，他希望这件事不被妈妈知道，应该是quietly。故选D。题模五：代词例1.5.1【答案】A【解析】考查代词。指代前文中提到的事情，用it。故选A。例1.5.2【答案】D【解析】考查代词。根据句意：一旦学生们知道我喜欢教他们，他们就表现得更好。对我来讲，我的学生们是如此珍贵，以至于我不能想象自己还会去其他地方教书。其他地方anywhere，故选D。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】DCDABCABDC【解析】这篇文章妈妈通过一件校园事件教育女儿的故事。女儿因为紧张而失去了在学校喜剧里面扮演公主的机会而去做一名解说员，妈妈通过花园里的每一株植物都有用处让女儿认识到世界上的每一个都有其存在的价值。1. 考查动词及语境的理解。句意：但是一上舞台，一句话我也想不起来了。A发展，培养B离开C失败D消失。根据后面的Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator（解说者）for the play. 一句可知，应该是每一句话都从我的脑海中消失了；故选D。2. 考查连词及语境的理解。句意：虽然我没有告诉妈妈那天发生的事情，但是妈妈注意到了我不开心，并且问我是否愿意到花园里去走走。A如果B因为C虽然D自从。Though表示让步，和后面的句子构成一种转折关系；故选C。3. 考查名词及语境的理解。A困难B错误C危险D不开心。妈妈注意到了我回家后不高兴；故选D。4. 考查介词及语境的理解。句意：从成束的草丛中我们可以看到蒲公英开了。A穿过B经过C超出能力或范围D在后面。表达“从中”用介词through，故选A。5. 考查副词及语境的理解。句意：从现在开始，这个花园里只剩下玫瑰花了。A几乎不B仅仅C仍然D也，还。除掉杂草之后就只剩下花了，即only，故选B。6. 考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：所有的花都很漂亮，甚至是蒲公英也很漂亮。A无害的B健康的C漂亮的D新鲜的。根据前面的一句But I like dandelions可知，作者是说蒲公英和玫瑰都很漂亮；故选C。7. 考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：而且这对于人类来说这种情况也是真实的。A真的B善良的C相同的D聪明的。即每个人都会有自己的长处，给别人带来欢乐；故选A。8. 考查动词及语境的理解。句意：当我意识到她猜出了我的痛苦时，我开始哭了，然后告诉了她实情。A记住B意识到C解释D答应，许诺。通过妈妈的教导意识到了妈妈的意图；故选B。9. 考查动词及语境的理解。句意：妈妈提醒我我是多么喜欢大声地讲故事。A代表B抱怨C推荐D提醒，使想起。妈妈提醒我的长处；故选D。10. 考查名词及语境的理解。句意：多亏了妈妈的鼓励，我开始认识到每个人在这个世界上都有自己的价值，我为自己在剧组中的角色而骄傲。A荣誉B进步C价值D兴趣。作者认识到自己的价值；故选C。随练1.2【答案】ADABB CAADB【解析】难点解析：(3)33. We can 33the egg with some butter-cream.A. protectB. replaceC. carryD. mix考查动词词义。Replace是代替；carry 是携带，运送；mix 是混合，由题意可知作者是想用黄油奶油来保护egg，因此是A protect,保护。(4)34.Of course wed had our little 34 in the past, A. ideasB. fightsC. worriesD. challenges考查名词词义。根据上文可知朋友对自己的主意不认可，应该说的之前也有吵架，应该是fights。其他几个选项ideas-想法，worries-担心，challenges-挑战 都不符合题意。(5)35. but shed never called any of my ideas 35 before.A. wrongB. stupidC. wonderfulD. scientific形容词词义。根据上文可知，朋友说作者的主意是“stu