key points.doc

Unit 1Ikey points1. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.its becausegrow/be crazy aboutsomething/anything/everything to do with我不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。2. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. when 引导的定语从句（划线部分）修饰句中的timespellbind v. 吸引人；迷人我记得很清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。3. It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to faceIts the first timethat 某人第一次做某事face to face. 面对面这是我一年半以来第一次面对面目睹夜晚。4. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. hanging before very dusty windows 现在分词短语, 修饰curtains.我只能透过肮脏的窗帘看大自然,窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前。key words and phrasesdo sth on purpose, in order to, face to face, hide away, set down, a series of, go through, dare, holdin ones power, no longerII Grammar StudyDirect speech and indirect speech Differences: Verb tenses Pronoun forms Word order Adverbials of time Sentence structureDirect speechIndirect speechDeclarativePositiveShe said, “I passed this exam.”She said that she had passed that exam.NegativeJohn said, “I cant finish the job this afternoon.”John told me that he couldnt finish the job that afternoon.Interrogative (yes/no questions)“Are you going to buy this coat?” Sam asked Mary.Sam asked Mary if she was going to buy the coat.Special Interrogative“How can I solve the problem?” Jane asked me.Jane asked me how she could solve the problem.study all the examples provided and read the grammar appendix on page 89-90. Finish your task of summarizing the rules.IIISummaryTask 1Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechSentence structureDeclarativeSay/tell sb.that+clasueInterrogativeAsk/wonder whether/if +statement orderSpecial InterrogativeAsk/wonder wh-word +statement orderTask 2Direct SpeechIndirect Speech Tense PresentPastSimple PastPast PerfectPresent PerfectPast PerfectPast PerfectPast PerfectPresent ContinuousPast ContinuousFuturePast FutureTask 3Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechPronounFirst personThird personSecond personFirst/third personThis/ theseThat /ThoseAdverbial of placeHereThereThis placeThat placeThese placesThose places VerbCome Go Bring TakeBorrowLend Task 4Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechAdver-bial of timeNowThenTodayThat dayYesterdayThe day before/the previous dayThis week/month/yearThat week/month/yearLast week/month/yearThe week/month/year beforeThree days agoThree days beforeTomorrowThe next/following dayThere are some cases in which we dont need to change the tense in indirect speech.When direct speech is about: a) a truth 真理 b) a timetable 时间表c) a saying/proverb/quotation 格言/引用语d) An adverbial indicating the past 过去的时间状语eg:1. He said, “the earth goes around the sun.” He said that the earth goes around the sun.2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.” He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.3. He said, “Rome isnt built in a day.” He said that Rome isnt built in a day.4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”Tom said he was born in July, 1978. III. language points1. add: addto 加；增加 add up 加起来 add up to 加起来总和是；等于eg. 1). Add your scores up and well see who won. 2). These numbers add up to 100. 3). Will you please add some milk to my coffee?2. concern: concern sth./sb. 与有关系 concern oneself with/about sb./sth. 忙于；关心 be concerned about/for sb./sth. 使担忧；使烦恼 = be worried about sb./sth. eg. 1). These problems concern all. 2). She concerns herself with her sons future. = She is concerned about her sons future. 3). The experts are concerned about the growth in the worlds population.3. go through sth. : 1) to examine carefully 搜查；仔细浏览 2) to experience, suffer 经历；遭受eg. 1).The police went through the pockets of the suspected thief. 2). He went through a hard time while his wife was sick. 4. suffer: suffer sth 遭受痛苦, 遭受损失 suffer from患有(病痛), 为所苦eg. 1) He died quickly, he didnt suffer very much. 2) The company suffered a great loss because of the air crash. 3) He often suffers from headaches at night.5. dare: dare do sth. 敢；敢于 dare to do sth. 敢；敢于eg. 1) I dont know whether he dares to /dare try. 2) He didnt dare (to) do / darent move. 3) How dare you say I am unfaithful! 4) If you dare (to) do that again, you will be sorry. 5) Do you dare (to) ask him?6. in order to do = so as to do eg.1) He worked hard in order / so as to pass the maths exam. 2) We left early in order to/ so as to catch the first bus. = We left early in order that so that we could catch the first bus.7. get along/on with sb. 与某人相处和谐 get along/on with sth. 进展eg. 1) He could not get along with anybody. 2).She is getting along with her studies better this term.*8. It/ This/That is the first time/secondtime t