非谓语动词(语法填空).ppt

1. to do 2.-ing 3.done 2015届高考英语非谓语动词 语法专项精讲精练课件 1. God helps those who help themselves. 简单句？复合句？ who help themselves 含有从句-复合句 2. She is always ready to help others. 只有一套主谓结构-简单句 使用条件使用条件 一个简单句一个简单句中，已经存在一个中，已经存在一个主谓主谓 结构结构（谓语动词）（谓语动词）, ,又没有连又没有连词词的情的情 况下况下, , 还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时, ,这些动这些动 词就充当了词就充当了非谓语动词非谓语动词. . 非谓语动词的非谓语动词的 1.Tom returned from the managers office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once. 2. Everything taken into consideration, they ought to have another chance 3. To live is to struggle. 找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语） 非 谓 语 不定式（to do) V-ing V-ed as a noun as adj. or adv.现在分词 动名词 过去分词 非谓语动词 的分类 下面从二个方面来复习非谓语动词 1.非谓语动词解题四大步骤 2.非谓语动词的七大经典原则 非谓语动词题的做题技巧 一. 非谓语动词解题 四大步骤 谓非谓， 找主语， 定语态 定时态 1. (walk) along the street one day, she saw a little girl (run) up to her. 2.She is reading a book (find) on the way. 3.Most of the artists (invite) to the party were from South Africa. Walking running found invited 步骤：谓非谓，找主语，定语态，定时态 非谓语动词的句法作用 非谓语谓语 动词动词 主语语宾语宾语表语语定语语宾补宾补状语语 不定式 动动名词词 现现在分词词 过过去分词词 二.非谓语动词的 七大经典原则 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式 1.When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there to _ (train)for a space flight. 【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目 的，所以要用不定式，另外，由于“他”与“训练”为 被动关系 be trained 2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. To make 3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _ （move)， and asked myself what I was going to do. 【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当 时持 续了一会儿，故用-ing。 原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing. moving 4. He sat _ (listen) to her _ (climb)the stairs. 【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所 以用-ing作伴随状语；listen to 后跟不带to的不定式/ -ing作宾补。 listen to do/doing listening climb 用括号里的词的适当形式填空 1. She wrote to the editor , _that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ） 2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _ on a big rock( rest ) 3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare ) 4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep ) preparing to rest hoping To keep ,ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别： 作伴随状语的ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且 前面常常带一逗号; 而作目的状语的to do的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发 生,前面不能用逗号。 原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别 是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中 。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之 外。 5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ (let)in the natural light during the day. 【解析 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。 letting 6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ (reach) a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. reaching 8. He hurried to the booking office only _ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. 7.He hurried to the station only _ (find)that the train had left. 【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。 to find to be told 原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动 式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式. 9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle (hear ) . 【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被 动式 ，另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作当时尚未发 生，故用不定式。 to be heard 10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ (open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. 【解析】of 后应接-ing，desks 与open and close 之间 存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因could be heard，所以选 -ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。 o f being opened and closed 11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _(seat) at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ (fix) upon her. a stranger his eyes sitting seat vt. I seated myself. =I was seated. =I sat down fix ones eyes upon seated fixed 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应 与主句主语保持一致. 12. _ (face) with a bill for $10,000，John has taken an extra job. (be) faced with Faced 13. While _ (watch) television，we heard the doorbell ring. watching 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要 用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式to have done 或ing的完成式 having done） 14._(separate)from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. 【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系，且 separate发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被动 式作原因状语。 has Having been separated for 15. The manager，_ (make) it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. 【解析】因为 The manager 与 make 是主动关系， 且 make 发生在谓语 left 之前，所以用-ing的完成 式作状语，having made . 相当于 who had made. 的意思。 left having made 16. Li Ming is said (study) abroad. Do you know what country Yes, In London. he studied in ? he will study in? he studies in? is sb is said to do/to have done/to be doing to have studied to study to be studying 原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是： 用不定式to do ，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词-ed，表示动作被动、完成。 17.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ (hold) the day after tomorrow. 18. There are hundreds of visitors _ (wait) in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings. to be held waiting 19. “Things _ （lose) never come again!” I couldnt help talking to myself. 20. The last one _ (arrive) pays the meal. Agreed! Things The last one lose vt. lose sb/sth 注：受 the first， the second . the last 修饰 的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。 You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二个犯这错误的人。 lost to arrive 原则一：用作目的状语， 原则二：用作伴随状语， 原则三：用作结果状语， 原则四：凡是含有被动意义时， 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时， 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作 之前时， 原则七：用于名词后作定语时， 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式. 原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing. 原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/ to do ,原则区别是： -ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示非逻辑的结果。 原则四:凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式； 如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与 主句主语保持一致。 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上 要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式） 原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。 1：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式(to do) 2：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词(v-ing) 3：用作结果状语时，可用分词(v-ing)或不定式(to do) 4：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词(v-ed)。 5：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句 主语保持一致 6：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成 式 7：用于名词后作定语定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚 未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示 动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义 英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则 Thank you! A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. taken D B Everything they 1._ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance. 2.Everything _ into consideration, they ought to have another chance. （四）分析时态 1. The building _ now will be a restaurant . 2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant . 3. The building _ last year is a restaurant. A.having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built _ C _ B _ D 二. 找逻辑主语 三、分析语态 四、分析时态 一. 辨别“谓与非谓” 三. 非谓语动词解题步骤 方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态 Practice Challenge yourself! 1. A railway station is no place for a child _ alone at night. A. leave B. leaving C. to be leaving D. to be left 2. We were warned _ the fish which might give us a slight stomach upset. A. not to eat B. not eating C. to eat not D. eating not 3. _ themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. To have kept 4._ these children _ what you want is a science I can tell you! A. Getting; done B. Get; done C. To get; to do D. Getting;