make的用法大全.doc

71. Make的用法和判别一、make作“做”、“制造”、“构成”等解：1. They make many kinds of machines. 他们制造许多种机器。2. We made two experiments yesterday. 我们昨天作了两个实验。3. Hydrogen and oxygen make water. 氢和氧构成水。4. Two and three make five. 二加三等于五。5. They are making us a new-type device. 他们正在为我们制造一台新型装置。二、“make+某些抽象名词”表示作出某种举动。例如：1. to make an answer 作出答复2. to make measurement 量度3. to make efforts to fulfill the plan 努力完成计划4. to make contributions to the revolution 对革命作出贡献5. to make adjustments 进行调节6. to make a calculation 计算7. to make application 应用，使用8. to make a correction 校正、更正9. to make use of 利用10. to make much account of oil 很重视石油在科技英语中，诸如此类的搭配用法甚多，必须予以注意。翻译时多半译出名词的意思即可。三、make作“行走”、“行使”解：This automobile makes 70 kilometers an hour. 这辆汽车每小时行驶70公里。四、“make+直接宾语+宾语补语（名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词、介词短语等）”，其中make作“使得”、“使成为”解：1. “Free electrons” make metals good conductors of electricity. （名词作宾语补语）“自由电子”使金属成为良好的电导体。2. We must make the phenomena clear. （形容词作宾语补语）我们必须把这些现象弄清楚。3. A force is needed to make a body move. （不带to的不定式作宾语补语）（使）物体运动就需要力。4. You have to make yourself understood. （过去分词作宾语补语）你得使人听懂你的话。5. We should make these materials of most value. （介词短语作宾语补语。联系下句中作表语，即These materials are of most value.这些材料很有价值。）我们必须使这些材料变成很有价值。6. Thinking makes what you read yours. （what you read作宾语，名词性物主代词yours作宾语补语。）思维能把你所读的东西消化位你自己的。7. We use atomic energy to make ships go or to make electricity. （第一to make短语中，go前无to，作宾补，而该make作“使得”解。第二个to make短语，由于后面无宾补，只能作“产生”解。）我们使用原子能驱动船只航行，或用以进行发电。注：注意有时用it作句中先行宾语，在宾语补语后再接上真正宾语（一般为不定式短语或从句）。例如：This has made it possible to fufil our production plan ahead of time. 这使得有可能提前完成我们的生产计划了。We have made it clear that agriculture is very important to the national economy. 我们已说清楚了，农业对国民经济很重要。五、“be made+主语补语（形容词、不定式、介词短语、名词等）”，其中be made作“被使得”、“被搞成”解：1. If the temperature is made too high, either the mercury in the thermometer may boil or glass may soften. （形容词作主语补语。）如果温度升的太高，则不是温度计内的水银沸腾便是玻璃发软。（原意为：如果温度被搞得太高，）2. This kind of material has been made of great value. （介词短语作主语补语。）这种材料已被搞成具有很大价值了。3. Objects are made to expand by heat. （不定式作主语补语）物体受热得到膨胀。注意逻辑判别 下句结构与上句相同，但带to的不定式系目的状语：（联系第169，170页）These new-type machines are made to supply the market. （目的状语）生产这些新型机器以供应市场。主动态则为：We make these new-type machines to supply the market. （目的状语）（句意同上）再看一句：Can you make questions to be answered with yes or no?（定语）你能否造出用是或否回答的问句吗？最后一句，由于不定式带to，make又不是被动态，故后面的不定式不能作主语补语用，也不能作宾语补语用。该句中带to的不定式被动态应作questions的定语。这么一来，make不具有“使”的意思，而表示“造”、“作”之意。六、由make构成的一些常用词组：1. to make B from A 由A制造BBricks are made from clay. 砖由粘土制成。2. to makeinto 把制成Petroleum can be made into many useful chemicals. 石油能制成许多有用的化学制品。3. to make B of A 由A做成B1）We will make a scientist of him. 我们要把他培养成一个科学家。2）Cloth is made of cotton. 布由棉花制成。4. to make out 证明；认出；开列1）How do you make that out? 你如何证明那事？2）I cannot make out the type of this machine. 我不能认出这台机器的型号。3）He has made out a bill. 他已开出了一张票据。5. to make B out of A 由A制成BThese things are made out of paper. 这些东西由纸制成。6. to make up 编造；构成1）They have made up a list. 他们已列了一个表。2）We know what particles make up the atom. 我们知道那些粒子构成原子。7. to make sure of 肯定Can you make sure of these facts? 你能肯定这些事实吗？8. to make up for 弥补They have made up (for) the loss. 他们已弥补了损失。9. to make up B of A 用A构成B（常用被动态）All matter is made up of atoms. 一切物质由原子构成。10. to make up ones mind +不定式 下决心She has made up her mind to find the answer to this question. 她下决心要找到这个问题的答案。七、make作名词用，作“制造”、“制造法”、“式样”解：1. These machines