情态动词归类大全.doc

情态动词 一：情态动词的用法： 常用的情态动词有can，may，must，need,should, had better.1. can 的用法： 表示能力 “能，会” eg: He can speak a little Japanese.他会说一点日语。 表示请求或许可 “可以” eg: Can I help you? 要我帮忙吗? 表示猜测 “可能” eg: Where can she go now? 她可能到哪里去了呢? 2.may 的用法：表示请求或允许 “可以”“准许” eg: May I go home，please?请问我可以回家吗? 表示可能性 “ 可能”、也许” eg: I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。 注：might为may的过去式，但也可以代替may，语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。 eg: He might not come today.今天他也许不来了。(语气不肯定) You might also get a headache when you work too hard，当你工作太努力时，你也可能患头痛3. must的用法： 表示义务、必要或命令 “必须、应该” eg: You must come early tomorrow你明天得早来。 表示推测时“肯定，一定” eg: They must be at home.The light is on 他们肯定在家,灯亮着呢. must not 禁止，不许 eg: You must not tell lies. 你不许撒谎。 注意： must开头的疑问句，其否定回答通常用 dont have to 或neednt 。而不用mustnt eg: -Must I finish my homework first? 我必须先完成作业吗？ -No, you dont have to/ neednt. 不，你不必。 can 和 must在 表推测时，can一般否定句中，而must 常用于肯定句中。 eg: It can not be Li Lei 那个人不可能是李磊 It must be Li Lei 那个人肯定是李磊。4. need 的用法： 情态动词“需要,有必要”一般用于否定句或疑问句中。eg: You neednt come here this afternoon.你今天下午不必要过来。 行为动词 “需要, 有必要” 可以用于各种句式中。 eg: You dont need to go now. 你不必现在就走。 I need to have a rest. 我需要休息一下 Do we need to finish all the work today? 我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？need的用法的助记口诀：实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词，主动形式表被动。情态动词表“需要”，没有人称 数之变。 其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定。5.征求许可或给予许可，“我可以？”用句型“Can/May/Could/Might I.?”其中Can I.?属于非正式用法，May I .?属于正式用法。Could/Might I.?的回答通常不用could或might，而用may或can或其他表示客气的词语。6.肯定句中表推测“可能”：can,could,may,might都可以在肯定句中表“可能”。其中can的语气最强，可能性最大，其余依次递减。 肯定句中表推测“一定，肯定”用must.7.疑问句中表推测“可能”：用can,could,might,而不能用may. mustnt 不表示推测，而表示禁止。 意义为“禁止，不准”8.否定句中表推测： may not/might not：可能不 can not/could not： 不可能 eg: You may not be right你也许不对. You can not be right你不可能对.9.以may（表许可或请求）开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用may，否定回答用mustnt或cant。10.表示“必须”时，must表示主观看法，have to强调客观需要。11.ought to和should两者都表示应该，但是ought to比should语气强。12.would rather与than连用，其结构是：would rather.than.或would.rather than.。would(rather)和than后面都接动词原形，如果用的动词相同，则than后省去该动词。would rather.than.的意义为“宁愿而不是”eg:I would rather play football than baseball.我宁愿踢足球而不愿打棒球。13. 情态动词的助记口诀： 情态动词两要点：动词原形跟后边 没有人称 、数之变 can 表能力 may许可 must来把责任担（必须） 否定回答need换。 need需要 dare敢 should应该 would like 愿(意) have to“ 不得不”表客观。14.had better用法的助记口诀： 表示“建议”和“忠告”，had better 为最好。 建议某人“最好不”，要用 had better not do。2003-2008年河南及全国中考题2003-2008年河南中考题组1.(2005河南)You look tired now ,you stay at home and have a rest . A.had to B.had better C.would like to D.would rather 2.(2005河南)-Must I return the book tomorrow morning ? -No ,you .You keep it for three days .A.mustnt ,may B.mustnt ,must C.neednt ,can D.neednt ,must3.(2006河南)-Must I go and do it now ? -No ,you ,We still have two more days .A.shouldnt B.cant C.neednt D.wont 4.(2007河南)-I didnt pass the math test.I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently . -I agree .You play like that any more . A.neednt B.mustnt C.may not D.wouldnt5.(08河南)-Our class won the English speaking contest. -Congratulations! You be very proud of it. A. can B. need C. would D. must6.(08河南)It seems that it is going to rain. Youd better the window open when you leave the house. A. not leave B. leave C. not to leave D. to leave2003-2008年全国中考题组1.(2003天津)You go and ask Meimei .She know the answer .A.must ,can B.must ,may C.need ,can D.can, may 2.(2003福建福州)-Must I stay at home ,Mum? -No ,you .A.mustnt B.may not C.cant D.dont have to 3.(2003广东广州)The boy said he had to speak English in class ,but he speak it after class .A.could B.didnt have to C.might D.shouldnt 4.(2004江苏苏州)Could you tell me if he finish the work on time ?A.could B.was able to C.is able to D.would be able to 5.(2004上海)We keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves .A.may B.should c.can D.need 6.(2004广东佛山)-What a nice day! We go surfing ? -Good idea !A.Shall B.Must C.can D.Need 7.(2004乌鲁木齐)-Tom, dont drive too fast ,you hit the others cars . -OK ,I wont Mum .A.must B.need C.may D.have to 8.(2005安徽)You be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest .Its too dangerous .A.will B.must C.can D.may 9.(2005江苏南通)You worry about him ,He will get well soon.A.neednt B.cant C.mustnt D.may not 10.(2005海南)-I dont mind telling you what I know. -You ,Im not asking you for it .A.neednt B.mustnt C.may not D.cant 11.(2005厦门)Im sorry .I go now ,My father told me on the phone that my mother was ill.A.can B.may C.have to D.think 12.(2005宁波)-Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow . .A.I dont B.I wont C.I cant D.I havent 13.(2006海南)-May I go out and play tennis ,Dad ? -Yes ,but you finish your homework first .A.can B.could C.may D.must 14.(2006安徽)Although you did well this time ,you look down on(看不起) others .A.had better B.ought to C.shouldnt D.wouldnt 15.(2006甘肃金昌)-Could you please pass the book on the shelf to me ? - . A.You are welcome B.No, I couldnt C.Certainly .Here you are D.Yes , I could 16.(2006湖南常德)-Whose volleyball is this ? -It be Carlas .She never plays volleyball. She dislikes it . A.cant B.may not C.must 17.(2006湖南怀化)You stop your car when the traffic light is red . A.must B.may C.can 18.(2007北京)-Mary , you speak Chinese? -Yes ,only a little .A.must B.need C.may D.can19.(2007四川乐山)-Must I do the work now ? -No ,you .You may do it later .A.cant b.mustnt C.neednt D.shouldnt 20.(2007四川南充)This history book be Bobs sisters . His sister is only a baby .A.must B.might C.cant 21.(2007黑龙江齐齐哈尔)-Xiao Hai ,you step on the grass . -Sorry , I do it again.A.neednt ,wont B.mustnt ,wont C.cant ,will22.(2007辽宁十二市)-I cant stop smoking ,doctor , -For your health ,Im afraid you .A.may B.need C.have to D.must23.(2007江苏镇江)-May I try on the jeans ? -Yes ,you .A.should B.can C.must D.need 24.(2007陕西)-Could I borrow your dictionary ? -Of course you .A.can b.must C.should D.will 25.(2007太原)-Must we finish giving out the posters today ? -Yes ,we ,It cant be put off any longer . A.can B.may C.must 26.(2007山西临汾)-Bill ,is the pink umbrella Annas ? -No ,it be hers ,Hers is purple . A.might B.must C.cant 27.(2007山西)John ,you neednt do your work today ,you do it tomorrow if youre tired.A.must B.may C.cant 28.(2007内蒙古赤峰)-It nearly took me an hour to arrive here .Im very tired .-You be thirsty .Have a drink ,please . A.should B.can C.must D.would 29.(08辽宁沈阳)The baby is too young .You give her big pieces of food. A. may B. must C. may not D. must not30.(08陕西)-Whose exam paper is it? -It be Li Leis. He always forgets to write his name on it. A. cant B. must C. shouldnt D. may31.(08福建福州)-Kate, you dance the disco? -Yes, I can. A. may B. can C. must D. need32.(08重庆)-Whos that boy reading in the garden?Is it David? -It be David. I saw him in the classroom just now. A. must B. cant C. may D. should33.(08河北)Thomas, Please be quiet. The others hear very well. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt34.(08湖北武汉)-Have you seen my glasses? I find them. -Sorry, I havent seen them. A.