新步步高高考英语牛津译林江苏专用一轮复习讲义BoUnit含答案.doc

话题词汇1.respect v.& n.尊重；尊敬2.concern n.关心3.sympathy n.同情4.generation gap代沟5.a good listener忠实的倾听者6.be popular with受到的欢迎7.establish good relationship建立良好的关系8.promote understanding增进理解9.narrow the generation gap消除代沟10.be openminded to.包容经典语篇实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表、更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。为何倾听表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系谁来倾听家长倾听孩子理解孩子，消除代沟，老师倾听孩子了解学生，满足需求，同学相互倾听增进友谊，互帮互学，怎样倾听(列举两至三点)注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2.词数150左右；3.开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。Good afternoon，everyone!The topic of my speech today is “Being a good Listener”. Thank you for your listening!佳作欣赏Good afternoon，everyone!The topic of my speech today is “Being a good Listener”.Good listening can always show respect，promote understanding，and improve interpersonal relationship.Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children，so they will understand them better，and find it easy to narrow the generation gap.Teachers should listen more to their students，then they can meet their needs better，and place themselves in a good relationship with their students.Students should listen more to their classmates，thus they will help and learn from each other and strengthen their friendship.What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk；show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile；be openminded to different opinions even though you dont like them.In a word，good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.Thank you for your listening!思维发散1.用as well as改写第句Good listening can always show respect，promote understanding as well as improve interpersonal relationship.2.用非谓语动词作结果状语改写第句Students should listen more to their classmates，thus helping and learning from each other and strengthening their friendship.3.仿照第句翻译句子我想强调的是大声读英语很重要。What I want to stress is that reading English aloud counts.重点单词A.写作单词1.ensure (vt.)保证，担保，确保2.alike (adj.)相像，十分相似；(adv.)十分相像地；同样地3.prohibit (vt.)(尤指以法令)禁止4.throughout (prep.& adv.)自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及5.congratulate (vt.)向(某人)道贺，祝贺congratulation (n.)祝贺，恭喜6.permit (vt.& vi.)允许，准许；(n.)许可证permission (n.)许可，准许7.offence (n.)冒犯；侮辱offend (v.)冒犯；使生气；犯罪8.adjust (vi.& vt.)适应，习惯；调整，调节adjustment (n.)调整，调节；适应adjustable (adj.)可调整的，可调节的9.accustomed (adj.)习惯于；惯常的accustom (vt.)使习惯于10.familiar (adj.)通晓；熟悉unfamiliar (adj.)陌生的，不熟悉的11.celebration (n.)庆典；庆祝活动celebrate (vt.& vi.)庆祝，庆贺12.expectation (n.)期望，盼望expect (vt.)期待，盼望；预料；猜想13.slight (adj.)轻微的slightly (adv.)轻微地，稍微14.minority (n.)少数民族；少数，少数人minor (adj.)较少的，较小的，次要的major (adj.)较多的，主要的15.account (n.)描述，叙述；账(户)accountant (n.)会计人员，会计师16.bravery (n.)勇敢brave (adj.)勇敢的17.govern (vt.)统治；控制，支配governor (n.)统治者government (n.)政府18.mysterious (adj.)神秘的，奇怪的mystery (n.)神秘；神秘的事或人B.阅读单词19.hug (vt.& vi.& n.)拥抱，抱紧20.endofterm (n.)学期末21.wedding (n.)婚礼22.reception (n.)招待会；接待；接受23.bridegroom (n.)新郎24.bride (n.)新娘25.religion (n.)宗教26.gesture (n.)手势；姿势；示意动作27.feast (n.)盛宴，宴会；节日28.mask (n.)面具；(vt.)伪装，掩饰29.retell (vt.)复述，转述30.steam (vt.& vi.)蒸，蒸发；(n.)蒸汽31.greet (vt.)和某人打招呼(或问好)greeting (n.)问候；问候语32.musical (adj.)音乐的；(n.)音乐剧musician (n.)音乐家33.plain (n.)平原；(adj.)清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的plainly (adv.)平坦地，明白地，清楚地.重点短语1.adjust to适应2.get/be accustomed to习惯于3.be familiar with对熟悉4.after all毕竟，终究5.do without没有也行；没有而设法对付过去6.get into trouble陷入困境，遇到麻烦7.dream of梦见；梦想8.let alone更不用说9.show sb.around带某人参观、游览10.take up占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；拿起11.be aware of知道；意识到12.hunt for寻找，搜寻，搜索13.believe in相信；信任；信仰14.have power over控制，支配.经典句式1.Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.很多外国人很难习惯这一点。2.Well，its time for me to go.好了，我该走了。3.One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。4.While staying with the Inuit people you will have the chance to ride on a dog sled and travel in a sealskin boat.在与因纽特人相处期间，你将有机会乘坐狗拉雪橇，划用海豹皮制成的皮筏子。5.It is believed that the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.据说毛利人来自太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛。1应试指导独立主格的用法(1)permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit doing sth.允许做某事(2)permission n.允许，许可ask for permission请求许可without permission未经许可(1)The windows permit light and air to enter.这些窗户采光及通风性能良好。(2)Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.住在有厨房的屋里的学生只可以在厨房里做饭。(2015天津)(3)He entered the room without permission.他未经许可就进入了房间。多维训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空Time permitting (permit)，I may go to Shanghai with my friends.The owners dont permit parking (park) cars in front of the shops.The doctor may ask for permission (permit)to speak with family members or friends.(2)The driver shall be fined if he drives without .A.permission B.timeC.patience D.admittance答案A解析句意为：如果那个司机未经允许就开车，那会被罚款。without permission未经允许，是固定短语。2应试指导be accustomed to作为高级词汇替换be used to(1)get/become/be/grow accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)accustom vt.使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事(1)However，instead of devoting themselves to their work，they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become accustomed.但他们并不专心于自己的工作，他们工作只是为了维持这种很快就习以为常的生活方式。(2015浙江)(2)After living there for one year，they have been accustomed to working there.在那儿生活了一年后，他们已经习惯在那儿工作了。(3)It shouldnt take long to accustom your students to working in groups.你的学生应该很快就会习惯分组学习的。多维训练(1)同义句改写He was accustomed to the custom and didnt want to change it.Accustomed to the custom，he didnt want to change it. (用过去分词短语作状语改写)Accustoming himself to the custom，he didnt want to change it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)(2)They are quiet，arent they?Yes.They are accustomed at meals.A.to talk B.to not talkC.to talking D.to not talking答案D解析句意为：他们很安静，是吗？是的，他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。be accustomed to中to为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，且根据句意，talking应是否定式。故选D项。3应试指导be expected to do，be supposed to do作为高级词汇替换should，had better(1)meet/live up to ones expectations不负某人所望in expectation of预料beyond expectations料想不到(2)expect vt.预料；期待expect (sb.)to do sth.预料(某人)做某事as expected正如所料；不出所料(1)I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.我肯定不会辜负你的期望。(2015陕西)(2)People select news in expectation of a reward.人们选择新闻期望得到奖励。(2015江苏)(3)Its surprising to see freshwater scenery at a place so close to the sea.Its beyond my expectations!在离海这么近的地方竟然能欣赏到淡水风光。真没想到啊！多维训练(1)同义句改写He failed in the exam，and all of us had expected it.As expected，he failed in the exam.(用as的省略句改写)As was expected，he failed in the exam.(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写)He failed in the exam，which was expected.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)(2)Have you seen the film The sound of Music?Not yet，but I .A.expect not B.think toC.expect so D.expect to答案D解析句意为：你看过音乐之声这部电影吗？目前还没有，但我期待去看。expect to do sth.期待(预料)去做某事，to后省略了see the film The sound of Music。4应试指导(1)on account of作为高级词汇替换because of(2)on no account位于句首时的倒装用法give an account of给予描述；进行说明take o account/take account of sth.认真考虑某事on account of由于，因为on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)account for(在数量和比例上)占，占据；是的原因；对做出解释和说明(1)The newspaper gave an incorrect account of the traffic accident.这报纸给予的关于交通事故的叙述是不正确的。(2)Innocent people get into trouble on account of others misfortune.城门失火，殃及池鱼。(3)On no account are visitors allowed to feed animals in the wildanimal park.决不允许游客在野生动物区给动物喂食。多维训练(1)用account的相关短语完成句子Everything taken into account(认真考虑)，the plan is quite practical.The poor weather may have accounted for(是的原因) the small crowd.She retired early on account of (由于) her health.On no account (决不) must you disturb me when I am at work.(2)It is said that body language 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.(2015福建，25)A.lies in B.accounts forC.consists of D.goes with答案B解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。lie in在于；account for(数量上、比例上)占；consist of由组成(或构成)；go with与相配(或协调、和谐)。5let/leave sb.alone别烦某人let/leave sth.alone别碰某物；别管某事let sb.down使某人失望；辜负某人let out发出；放走，释放；(把衬衣、外套等)放大，放长，加宽；说出秘密，泄密let go of放开；释放；忽略(1)During the floods，the cars，trains and buildings could not survive，let alone the people who stood in the way.在洪水来临时，汽车、火车，甚至建筑物都不能幸免，更不用说站在路上的人了。(2)Please leave me alone.I need a quiet place to think it over.请不要打扰我。我需要一个安静的地方思考。(3)Im counting on you to support medont let me down!我指望你支持我呢别让我失望！(4)Someone let out the news.有人把消息泄露了。多维训练(1)用let短语的适当形式填空She felt badly let down by her friends.Your mothers tiredlet her alone!She would not let go of the babys hand.(2)Are you getting a new car this year?You must be joking！I cant afford to pay my bills， buy a new car.A.let alone B.or ratherC.leave alone D.other than答案A解析答语第二句意为：我连账单都付不起，更不用说买一辆新车了。let alone 更不必说；or rather倒不如说；leave alone听其自然；other than不同于。6give away赠送；泄露；出卖give in交上；让步；屈服，投降give up放弃；停止give off放出；释放give way to.给让路；被替代(1)He has refused to give out any information on the matter.他拒绝发表有关此事的任何消息。(2015山东泰安高三期中)(2)Someone in the group gave him away to the police.团伙中有人向警察告发了他。(3)Be prepared to stop if signalled to do so and give way to emergency vehicles.随时准备按指示停车并给紧急服务车辆让路。多维训练(1)用give短语的适当形式填空The apples give off a very sweet smell.The car stopped when the petrol gave out.Talor is really stubborn.Whenever we have arguments，I am the one to give in.He gave up his seat to an old lady on the bus.(2)Body language can a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.(2015浙江，7)A.take away B.throw awayC.put away D.give away答案D解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：身势语能够清楚地泄露出你的情绪，因此双臂交叉站着则表示你正在防御。give away泄露，符合语境。take away拿开，拿走；throw away扔掉；put away收起来，放好，储存。7come to/into power上台执政，掌权beyond ones power为某人能力所不及in/within ones power在能力/权力之内in power在掌权(1)That we have power over a situation gives us a feeling of power.我们控制了局面使我们感到自己很强大。(2)Its not that I dont want to help you，but its beyond my power to do so.不是我不愿意帮你，只因我爱莫能助。(3)I shall be happy to give you any information in my power.我将很乐意向您提供我所知道的任何信息。(4)The party have been in power for five years.这个政党已经执政五年了。多维训练(1)同义句改写He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.He told her that he would do what he could to prove that he was the man for her.(改为含有what从句的复合句)He told her that he would do his best to prove that he was the man for her.(用含do的短语改写)(2)As you know，Barack Hussein Obama Jr. in January 2009.A.came into power B.came into homeC.came into rule D.returned to power答案A解析句意为：正如你所知，奥巴马在2009年时上台了。come into power当权，上台，执政；come into home进入家里；come into rule执行规则；return to power再度执政。8多维训练(1)完成句子We should try all means to ensure ourselves against(确保我们免受) all possible risks.A cars tires should be checked regularly to ensure their safety(以保证安全).(2) that your resume works for you，I recommend writing it more like a proposal than a job description.A.Ensuring B.EnsuredC.Having ensured D.To ensure答案D解析句意为：为了确保你的简历对你能发挥作用，我建议你把它写的更像一个提议而不是一份工作描述。不定式作目的状语。故选D项。9多维训练(1)用celebrate，congratulate的适当形式填空The old couple celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary last week.I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.Nowhere could she find the necklace given by her husband in celebration of their tenth wedding anniversary.(2)We held a family party to our parents silver wedding.A.celebrate B.memorizeC.congratulate D.welcome答案A解析考查动词词义辨析。我们举办了一个家庭聚会来庆祝父母的银婚。celebrate sth.庆祝某事，符合句意。memorize记住；congratulate道贺，恭喜；welcome欢迎，迎接。因此选A。(3)I got that job I wanted at the public library. ！Thats good news.A.Go ahead B.CheersC.Congratulations D.Come on答案C解析考查情景交际。Go ahead请吧；Cheers干杯；Congratulations祝贺你；Come on来吧，加油。根据答语后一句可知此处表示祝贺，故选C项。10多维训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空She found it hard to adjust to working(work) at night.He will have to make major adjustments(adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in the office.She soon adjusted herself(she) to his way of life.These desks and seats can be adjusted(adjust) to the height of any child.(2)Some schools will have to make in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015江苏，32)A.judgments B.adjustmentsC.comments D.achievements答案B解析考查名词词义辨析。句意为：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将必须做出调整。judgement判断；adjustment调整，适应；comment评论；achievement成果，成就。11多维训练(1)用适当的介词填空Many of us Chinese people are familiar with the beauty of Hangzhou and Suzhou.This girl is familiar to me；maybe she is the girl whom I met in the street yesterday.(2)完成句子所谓家乡的味道被认为是和熟悉的生长环境、妈妈做的美味的食物有关的。The socalled flavor of hometown is thought to be associated with the familiar growth surroundings and delicious food cooked by Mother at home.这是我们都很熟悉的一种花。This is a flower familiar to many of us.12take up拿起(pick up，lift)；接受(accept)；开始；继续(continue)；占用(fill or use space or time)；从事多维训练(1)写出下列句中take up的汉语意思The area of Asia takes up 27 per cent of the worlds total.占据He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English.开始从事I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits.拿起(2)After recovering from his illness，he was advised to gardening as a hobby.A.take away B.take offC.take down D.take up答案D解析take up意为“从事”，符合题意。13Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。动名词短语作主语时，常用于以下句式：It isno use/good/fundoing sth.It isof little usedoing sth.It isworthwhiledoing/to do sth.It isa waste of.doing/to do sth.(1)It is no good keeping this secret.将这事保密没有什么好处。(2)It is a waste of energy arguing with her.和她争论是浪费精力。多维训练(1) playing dumb with teachers.They know their students very well.A.Its no useB.Theres no doubtC.Its no wonderD.Theres no need答案A解析句意为：和老师们装聋作哑是没用的。他们非常了解他们的学生们。Its no use doing sth.做某事没有用；Theres no doubt that.毫无疑问；Its no wonder that.难怪；Theres no need to do sth.做某事没必要。(2)Its no use my husband money.He wont take your advice.A.to argue with；aboutB.arguing about；withC.arguing with；aboutD.to argue about；with答案C解析It is no use doing sth.做某事没有用；argue with sb.about sth.因为某事与某人争论。句意为：和我的丈夫争论钱是没有用的，他不会采纳你的建议的。微写作写作素材 (关于学习)1.在期末考试中，李华取得了好成绩。2.我们祝贺她取得了很大的进步。3.她说学习占据了她的大部分时间。4.她已适应了这种生活。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)In the endofterm examination，Li Hua got a good grade.We congratulated her on her great progress.She said studying took up most of her time and she had already adjusted to this kind of life.单项填空1.The winner of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature，Mo Yan，said he did not have high of winning.Actually，he thought he had a slim chance to win.A.assumptions B.expectationsC.satisfactions D.impressions答案B解析句意为：2012年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者莫言说他对得奖的期望不高。实际上，他认为他得奖的可能性不大。expectation期望，符合句意。assumption假设，假定；satisfaction满足，满意；impression印象。2.I went through a period of emotional after I failed in that important examination.I feel better now.A.adjustment B.commitmentC.occupation D.negotiation答案A解析句意为：在那次重要的考试失败后，我熬过了一段时间的情绪调节期。现在感觉好多了。adjustment(行为、思想的)调整，适应，符合句意。commitment承诺，保证；occupation占有，职业；negotiation谈判。3.The new rule has come into effect that at no time in public places.A.is smoking permittedB.smoking is permittedC.permits smokingD.does smoking permit答案A解析at no time意为“决不”，位于句首时构成部分倒装句。smoking为从句主语，和permit之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。4.The football game last night was so wonderful.Oh，what a pity！If only I earlier!A.was told B.would be toldC.am told D.had been told答案D解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：昨晚的足球赛非常精彩。哎哟，真遗憾！要是我早点被告知就好了！if only表示“要是就好了”，从句使用虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此该句谓语动词应使用过去完成时，故选D。5.It is his tremendous enthusiasm and devotion that the old teacher is respected by all his students.A.on account of B.with regard toC.in terms of D.in reference to答案A解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：正是因为他的巨大热情和投入，这位老教师深受所有学生的爱戴。on account of 由于，因为；with regard to 关于，至于；in terms of 就而言；in reference to 关于。6.Peter will his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.(2015陕西，25)A.take up B.put upC.add up D.break up答案A解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：彼得将会于下个月底就任他旅游公司负责人的职位。take up开始从事；put up张贴，举起，建造；add up合计；break up打碎，解散，结束，分手。7.Do you know the difficulty he，an elderly person of no family，had five orphans at school?A.keeping B.to keepC.having kept D.to have kept答案A解析句意为：你知道他这样一个孤寡老人供五个孤儿上学的困难吗？have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事有困难”。本句是这个句型的变形，故选A。8.Many experts have put forward a series of problems about the peoples livelihood， the government will undertake necessary surveys.A.based on which B.basing on whatC.based on that D.basing on them答案A解析考查定语从句。句意为：关于人民的生计，许多专家已提出了一系列问题，基于这些问题，政府将着手进行必要的调查。先行词是problems，确定是定语从句，排除B项；on是介词，排除C项；两个句子是逗号连接，排除D项。从句还原为：the government will undertake necessary surveys(which is) based on the problems。9.The first time you take part in a race， is very normal to feel tense.A.which B.whatC.that D.it答案D解析考查it的用法。句意为：第一次参加比赛，你感到紧张是很正常的。it在此作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to feel tense。10.I havent decided on the menu yet，let alone the food.A.buying B.to buyC.bought D.buy答案C解析句意为：我还没决定吃什么菜呢，更不必说买食物了。let alone“更别提，更不用说”，后跟与前面部分相对应的谓语或名词。这里前