本科毕业设计-设计“刀架”零件的机械加工工艺规程（生产纲领：4000件）.docVIP

重庆机电职业技术学院课程设计用纸xxxx职业技术学院课程设计说明书设计名称： 机械制造工艺基础课程设计 题 目：设计“刀架”零件的机械加工工艺规程（生产纲领：4000件） 学生姓名： xxx xxx 专 业： 机械设计与制造（自动化方向） 班 级： 机制五班 学 号： xxxxxxxxxxxxx 指导教师： xxxxxx 日 期： 2014 年 6 月 18 日目 录序 言2一、 零件的分析3（一)零件的作用3（二）零件的工艺分析31、 以32孔为中心的加工表面32、 以底面为中心的加工表面3二、工艺规程设计3（一）确定毛坯的制造形式3（二）基面的选择31、粗基准的选择32、精基准的选择3（三）制定工艺路线31、工艺路线方案一42、工艺路线方案二43、工艺方案的分析与比较4（四）、机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定51、 底面和两侧面52、 内孔32H75（五） 确定切削用量及基本工时6工序一：铣削底面6工序二：铣两侧面8工序三：铣削上平面，用圆柱铣刀加工416，深10，加工孔4118工序四：钻-扩-粗铰-精铰32H78工序五：钻M810工序六：磨削12工序七：刮研12三、课程设计心得体会13四、参考文献14序 言 本课程设计是学生在学完机械制造工艺学课程的一个综合性和实践性很强的教学环节，通过课程设计，能综合运用所学基本理论以及在生产实习中学到的实践知识进行工艺及结构设计的基本训练，掌握机械制造过程中的加工方法、加工装备等基本知识，提高学生分析和解决实际工程问题的能力，为后续课程的学习及今后从事科学研究、工程技术工作打下较坚实的基础。 本次机械制造工艺学课程设计不仅仅能帮助我们利用已学的知识进行设计，还培养了我们自己分析，独立思考的能力。这次综合性的训练，我在以下几方面得到锻炼：（1）提高结构设计能力。通过设计零件的训练，获得根据被加工零件的加工要求，设计出高效，省力，经济合理而能保证加工质量的零件的能力。（2）学会使用手册以及图表资料。掌握与本设计有关的各种资料的名称，出处，能够做到熟练的运用。 就我个人而言，我希望通过这次课程设计对自己未来将从事的工作进行一次适应性训练，从中锻炼自己发现问题，分析问题和解决问题的能力，为今后参加工作打下良好的基础。31、 零件的分析（一)零件的作用刀架是数控车床非常重要的部件。数控车床根据其功能，刀架上可安装的刀具数量般为4把、6把、8把、10把12把、20把、24把，有些数控车床可以安装更多的刀具。刀架的结构形式一般为回转式，刀具沿圆周方向安装在刀架上，可以安装径向车刀、轴向车刀、钻头、镗刀。车削加工中心还可安装轴向铣刀、径向铣刀。少数数控车床的刀架为直排式，刀具沿一条直线安装。（二）零件的工艺分析 此刀架有两组加工表面1、 以32孔为中心的加工表面 这一组加工表面包括：铣削32孔两端面，侧面需保留尺寸60mm，加工32孔，以及孔中心距底面距离550.02mm且平行度达到0.01。2、 以底面为中心的加工表面 这一组加工表面包括：铣削底面，与台阶面保留20mm的高度。 4x11 、4x16、2x6以及螺纹M8。二、工艺规程设计（一）确定毛坯的制造形式零件材料选用45钢，考虑到刀架安装刀具在切削过程中承受交变负载荷一级冲击性载荷，阴齿选用铸件。由于零件年产量为4000件，艺术与大批量生产的水平，而且零件的轮廓尺寸不大，可采用铸造成行。对于提高生产率和保证加工质量也是有利的。（二）基面的选择基面的选择是工艺规程计划中的重要工作之一，基面选择得正确合理，可以保证加工质量，提高生产效率，否则，就会使加工工艺过程问题百出。严重的还 会造成零件大批报废，使生产无法进行。1、 粗基准的选择 对本零件来说，从32孔的侧面作为粗基准，利用底面，是工件支承32孔端面做主要定位。2、精基准的选择 精基准的选择主要应该考虑基准重合的问题，当设计基准与工序基准不重合时，应进行尺寸换算。（三）制定工艺路线制定工艺路线的出发点，应当是零件的集合形状，尺寸精度一级位置精度等技术要求能得到合理的保证，在已确定为大批量生产的条件下，可以采用万能机床配以专用工装夹具，并尽量使工序集中来提高生产率，除此之外，还应考虑经济效果，以便降低生产成本。1、工艺路线方案一 工序1：粗铣底面 工序2：精铣底面 工序3：钻4X11、4X16、2X6的孔 工序4：镗4X11的孔 工序5：扩16孔 工序6：钻2X6孔 工序7：粗铣侧面 工序8：精铣侧面 工序9：钻32孔 工序10：镗32孔 工序11：精镗32孔 工序12：钻、攻螺纹M8 工序13：终检2、工艺路线方案二 工序1：粗铣底面 工序2：精铣底面 工序3：粗铣侧面 工序4：精铣侧面 工序5：钻孔并扩、铰孔32 工序6：钻孔并扩孔4X11、4X16、2X6 工序7：钻并攻螺纹M8 工序8：去毛刺 工序9：刮研底面 工序10：终检3、工艺方案的分析与比较上述两个方案的特点在于：方案一是以先加工孔中心的一组表面，然后在加工孔；而方案二则是加工完所以面，在进行孔的加工。经比较可见，先加工表面，然后再进行加工孔，这样的话位置精度轻易保证，并且定位及夹装都比较方便。因此，具体工艺过程确定如下：工序1：以侧面作定位基准，铣底面。工序2：以底面作定位基准，铣侧面。工序3：以底面作定位基准，铣上平面，用圆柱铣刀铣孔416，深10，铣4X11工序4：以底面作定位基准，钻、扩、铰孔32H7，Ra1.6到位工序5：以底面作定位基准，钻M8螺纹底孔并攻M8螺纹孔工序6：以侧面作定位基准，磨底面工序7：以侧面作定位基准，刮研底面，Ra1.6到位工序9：配钻26工序9：孔去毛刺，其余倒棱工序10:终检以上工艺过程详见机械加工工艺过程卡片和机械加工工序卡片。（四）、机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定 此刀架的材料为45钢，硬度为207241HBW，生产类型为大批量生产，可采用铸造毛坯。根据上述原始资料及加工工艺，分别确定各加工表面的机械加工余量、工序尺寸以及毛坯尺寸如下：1、 底面和两侧面查机械加工工艺手册（以下简称工艺手册）表3.1-26和表3.1-27，取底面加工余量为4mm，侧面单边为2mm。2、 内孔32H7 铸件为实心,内孔精度要求为7级，参照工艺手册表3.2-9确定尺寸及余量为：钻孔：30mm扩：31.93mm绞：32H7由于本设计规定的零件为大批生产，应该采用调整法加工，因此在计算最大、最小加工余量时，应按调整法加工方式予以确定，现制定表格如下：加工余量计算表加工尺寸工序铸件毛坯 （32两端面，刀架底面）粗铣两侧面精铣两端面粗铣底面精铣底面加工前尺寸最大6460.489.0285.32最小6460.288.9885.48加工后尺寸最大6560.26085.3285.02最小6560.26085.4884.98加工余量（单边）2最大1.90.43.70.5最小1.80.23.50.3（5） 确定切削用量及基本工时 工序一：铣削底面 1、加工条件工件材料：HT200正火，b=670Mpa，铸造。加工要求：粗、精铣底面。机床：XA5032立式铣床。刀具：刀片材料为YT15，Kr=60，。=-5，。=80，rg=0.08mm2、 计算切削用量 （1）粗铣底面 1）根据切削用量简明手册（以下数据均来自此手册）表3.1。铣削深度ap4mm时，端铣刀直径d。=80mm，ae=60mm。但已知铣削宽度为64mm，故应根据铣削宽度90mm，选择d。=100mm。由于采用标准硬质合金端铣刀，故齿数Z=5（表3.13）。 2）决定铣削深度ap，由于加工余量为4mm，故选择在两次走刀内铣完， 则ap=3.7mm 3）决定每齿进给量fz，采用对称端铣以提高进给量。根据表3.5，当使用YT15，铣床功率为7.5KW（表3.30，XA5032型立式铣床说明书）时，fz=0.090.18但因为采用对称端铣，故取 fz=0.18mm/z 4）选择铣刀磨钝标准以及刀具寿命，根据表3.7，铣刀刀齿后刀面最大磨损量为1.5mm：由于铣刀直径d。=100mm，故刀具的寿命T=180min（表3.8） 5）决定切削速度vc和每分钟进给量vf，根据表3.13，当d。=100mm，z=5，ap4mm，fz0.24mm/z时，vt=120m/min，nt=300r/min，vft=250mm/min。各修正系数为：Kmv=Kmo=Kmv1.0 Kgv=Kgn=Kgv=0.8故 vc=vtKv=1201.00.8=96m/min N=ntkgn=30010.8=240r/min Vf=vftXKvt=25010.8=200mm/min根据XA5032型立铣说明书（表3.30）选择： nc=300rmin ， vfc=235mm/min 因此实际切削速度和每齿进给量为： 校验机床功率，根据表3.23，当b=560-1000Mpa，ae72mm，ap4.2mm，d。=100mm，z=5，vf=200mm/min，近似为： Pcc=4.6KW根据XA5032型立铣说明书（表3.30），机床主轴允许的功率为： Pcm=7.50.75=5.63KW4.6KW （可采用）即：ap=3.7mm，vf=235mm/min，n=300r/min，vc=94.25m/min，fz=0.16mm/s。 6）计算基本工时 因为采用对称安装铣刀，如切量及超切量y+=20mm，则：L=l+y+=124mm。 故： （2） 精铣底面 1）根据切削用量简明手册（一下数据均来自此手册）表3.1。铣削深度ap4mm时，端铣刀直径d。为80mm，ae为60mm。但已知铣削宽度为64mm，故应根据铣削宽度90mm，选择d。=100mm。犹豫采用标准硬质合金端铣刀，故齿数Z=5（表3.13）。 2）决定铣削深度ap，由于加工余量为0.3mm，故选择在一次走刀内铣完， 则ap=0.3mm 3）决定每齿进给量fz，采用对称端铣以提高进给量。根据表3.5，当使用YT15，铣床功率为7.5KW（表3.30，XA5032型立式铣床说明书）时，fz=0.090.18但因为采用对称端铣，故取 fz=0.18mm/z 4）选择铣刀磨钝标准以及刀具寿命，根据表3.7，铣刀刀齿后刀面最大磨损量为0.3mm：由于铣刀直径d。=100mm，故刀具的寿命T=180min（表3.8） 5）决定切削速度vc和每分钟进给量vf，根据表3.13，当d。=100mm，z=5，ap4mm，fz0.24mm/z时，vt=300m/min，nt=700r/min，vft=180mm/min。各修正系数为：Kmv=Kmo=Kmv1.0 Kgv=Kgn=Kgv=0.8故 vc=vtKv=3001.00.8=240m/min N=ntkgn=70010.8=560r/min vf=vftXKvt=18010.8=144mm/min根据XA5032型立铣说明书（表3.30）选择： nc=600r/min ， vfc=150mm/min 因此实际切削速度vc和每齿进给量fzc为： 校验机床功率，根据表3.23，当b=560-1000Mpa，ae72mm，ap4.2mm，d。=100mm，z=5，vf=150mm/min，近似为： Pcc=4.6KW根据XA5032型立铣说明书（表3.30），机床主轴允许的功率为： Pcm=7.50.75=5.63KW4.6KW （可采用）即：ap=0.3mm，vf=150mm/min，n=600r/min，vc=188.5m/min，fz=0.1mm/s。 6）计算基本工时 因为采用对称安装铣刀，如切量及超切量y+=20mm，则：L=l+y+=124mm。 故： 工序二：铣两侧面（参照工序一自行拟定，在此省略，详情见工序卡）工序三：铣削上平面，用圆柱铣刀加工416，深10，加工孔411（参照工序一自行拟定，在此省略，详情见工序卡）工序四：钻-扩-粗铰-精铰32H7 (1)钻孔15： F=0.310.37mm/r (表2.7）由于 ，故应选孔深修正系数，KT=0.95则: f=(0.310.37)0.95mm/r=0.29450.3515mm/r按Z525立式钻床机床说明书选取 f=0.36mm/r V=13m/min(表2.13、2.14） 按机床选取： n=272r/min所以实际切削速度：切量以及超切量y+=8mm ；L=l+y+故切削工时为 (2)扩孔30 根据有关资料介绍，利用钻头进行扩钻时，其进给量和切削速度与同样的尺寸的实心孔时的进给量和切削速度的关系为： f=（1.21.8）f钻 v=（1/21/3）v钻式中：f钻、v钻加工实心孔时的切削用量。已知 f钻=0.5mm/r（切削手册表2.7） V钻=14m/min（切削手册表2.13）令 ：f=1.35f钻=0.675mm/r 按钻床选取：f=0.68mm/r V=0.5v钻=7m/min按钻床选取n=68r/min 所以实际切削速度为：切量以及超切量y+=12 切削工时： (3) 粗铰32H7至31.75 根据切削手册规定，查得铰31.75mm孔的进给量，并根据钻床规格选择： f=0.55mm/r扩孔钻孔时的切削速度，根据其他相关资料，确定为： v=0.5v钻式中，v钻为用钻头钻同样尺寸实心孔时的切削速度，故： v=0.5v钻=0.514=7m/min 按钻床选取：n=68r/min（工艺手册表4.2-15）切削工时：入切量及超切量y+=3.5,L=l+y+则：(4) 精铰孔32 根据切削手册规定，查得铰32mm孔的进给量，并根据钻床规格选择： f=0.55mm/r 扩孔钻孔时的切削速度，根据其他相关资料，确定为： v=0.5v钻 式中，v钻为用钻头钻同样尺寸实心孔时的切削速度，故： v=0.5v钻=0.514=7m/min 按钻床选取：n=68r/min（工艺手册表4.2-15） 切削工时：入切量及超切量y+=2,L=l+y+ 则：工序五：钻M8 (1)钻M8底孔7 1)选择切削用量：选择高速钢直柄麻花钻直径为7，钻头形状为双锥修磨横刀。由切削用量简明手册表2.7查的进给量f=0.36-0.44nm/r，由切削用量简明手册表2.8和钻头允许的进给量确定进给量f=0.86nm/r。由切削用量简明手册表2.9机床进给机构所允许的钻削进给量查的f=1.6nm/r。故由Z525型立式钻床说明书取f=0.36nm/r。 2)确定钻头磨钝标准及寿命：由切削用量简明手册表2.12查的磨钝标准为0.5-0.8寿命为T=35min。确定切削速度：由切削用量简明手册表2.15查的切削速度为V=18m/min。则主轴转速为。由Z525钻床说明书由就近原则取n=680r/min。故实际切削速度为v=14.9n/min校核机床扭矩及功率：由切削用量简明手册表2.20查得 根据Z525机床说明书可知Mm=42.2Nm，Pe=2.80.81=2.26KW，=8830N由于上面所算出的数据小于机床的各个相应得参数，故机床符合要求。计算钻削加工工时：由切削用量简明手册表2.29查的入切量和超切量y+的值为6mm。故0.07min(2)攻M8的螺纹 由机械加工工艺手册表7.2-4选用M8丝锥，在Z525型立式钻床上攻丝。由机械加工工艺手册表7.2-13在Z525型立式钻床上攻丝切削速度表查的Vc=1112m/min。故钻床主轴的转速为：n=437.9477.7r/min由Z525的说明书的参数可取的n=392r/min。故实际切削速度为 Vc=9.8mm/min攻螺纹机动实际的计算 =0.12min工序六：磨削(1)选择砂轮。见切削手册第三章中磨料选择各表，结果为 平型砂轮，其尺寸为2502575（DdH）。(2)切削用量的选择砂轮转速n砂=3000r/min(见机床说明书)，v砂=13m/s轴向进给量f=12.5mm，径向进给量fr=0.015mm,V=10m/min(3)切削工时 工序七：刮研查机械制造工艺与机床夹具课程设计指导表2-14得：mm三、课程设计心得体会 通过本次的设计，使我能够对书本的知识做进一步的了解与学习，对资料的查询与合理的应用做了更深入的了解，本次进行工件的工艺路线分析、工艺卡的制定、工艺过程的分析，对我们在大学期间所学的课程进行了实际的应用与综合的学习。在工艺部分中，我们涉及到要确定各工序的安装工位和该工序需要的工步，加工该工序的机车及机床的进给量，切削深度，主轴转切削速度，该工序的夹具，刀具及量具，还有走刀次数和走刀长度，最后计算该工序的基本时间，辅助时间和工作地服务时间。其中，工序机床的进给量,主轴转速和切削速度需要计算并查手册确定。 在整个设计过程中我懂得了许多东西，也培养了我独立工作的能力和团队协作能力，树立了对自己工作能力的信心，相信会对今后的学习工作生活有非常重要的影响。而且大大提高了动手的能力，使我充分体会到了在创造过程中的探索的艰难和成功的喜悦。在此，衷心感谢老师的帮助和指导。由于我的知识能力水品有限，这个设计还不是很完善。但是在设计过程中所学到的东西是这次毕业设计的最大收获和财富，使我终身受益。四、参考文献1 艾兴 肖诗纲切削用量简明手册（第3版）北京：机械工业出版社；2 兰建设机械制造工艺与夹具北京：机械工业出版社；3 吴拓机械制造工艺与机床夹具课程设计指导书（第2版）北京：机械工业出版社；4 陆剑中 周志明等金属切削原理与刀具北京：机械工业出版社；5 吕天玉 张柏军公差配合与测量技术（第四版）大连：大连理工大学出版社。重庆机电职业技术学院课程设计任务书 机械设计与制造 专 业 2012 年级 5 班 xxxxxxx 一、设计题目设计下图所示“刀架”零件（课程设计指导书图5-20）的机械加工工艺规程（生产纲领：4000件）。二、主要内容1.绘制产品零件图，了解零件的结构特点和技术要求，对零件进行结构分析和工艺分析。2.确定毛坯的种类及制造方法。3.拟定零件的机械加工工艺过程，选择各工序的加工设备和工艺重庆机电职业技术学院课程设计用纸装备，确定各工序的加工余量和工序尺寸及其公差，计算各工序的切削用量和工时定额。4.填写机械加工工艺过程卡片、机械加工工序卡片。撰写设计说明书。三、具体要求产品零件图 1张产品毛坯图 1张机械加工工艺过程卡片 1份机械加工工序卡片 1套课程设计说明书 1份四、进度安排第一阶段：绘制零件图，工艺卡片（2天）第二阶段：查阅资料，工艺方案比较，确定加工路线（2天）第三阶段：确定各工序的加工余量和工序尺寸，计算各工序的切削用量和工时定额（3天）第四阶段：整理说明书，填写工艺卡片（3天）五、成绩评定指导教师 签名 日期 年 月 日系主任 审核 日期 年 月 日请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the seven-day Chinese请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may become more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and accommodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also common that youllwait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours at the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the week-long holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the upcoming Golden Week it may not be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearns for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and mountains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the recommended travelling route, China Inner Mongolia Arxan Hailar Manzhouli. It is also the joint of the four prairies across the Sino-Mongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Khan. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of gorgeous colors all the year round - the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast alpine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name Haren Arxan means hot holy water in the Mongolian language. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand prairies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green. Nestled close to the countrys largest virgin forest, and known for its spring and ecological environment, Arxan is marveled at by many tourists as the purest land on earth. You cannot miss out the Autumn of Arxan. It is definitely the best with brightly-colored scenery full of emotions. Autumn in the northern part of the country comes earlier than the South. A September rain followed by the footprints of Autumn brings more colors to the once emerald green mountain and blooming grassland. Shutterbugs flock to see for themselves the marvel of splendid colors around the mountains and waters, many of whom have travel a long distance and even camp here only to capture a moment of the nature wonder. The silver birch turns golden, while the larch is still proudly green. You will find yourself drowned in the intoxicating red of the wild fruits as well as the glamour of flowers in full blown. And your heart will be lingering on the woods as its time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If itrains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sister-in-law. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for company. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulangs misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulang and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposite sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the Begging for Skills Festival or Daughters Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to become pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentines Day on February 14, characterized by bouquets of roses, chocolates and romantic candlelight dinners, than they do about their home-grown day for lovers. Even Qixi is nowadays referred to as the Chinese Valentines Day. More and more young Chinese people begin to celebrate this day in a very similar way as that in western countries. Fewer people than ever will gaze at the heavens on Saturday to pick out the two stars shining bright on either side of the Milky Way, that is, if people even know on which day Qixi falls. There are ready reminders dotted about, in the form of big ads saying Sales on Chinese Valentines Day! in shops, hotels and restaurants. But few young women will mark the festival with their boyfriends, or take part in traditional activities to pray for cleverness. A large-scale of exhibition on the Silk Road opened to the public in the National Museum on Thursday. The exhibition displays more than 400 treasures from Shaanxi province, Gansu province and 14 other regions. It is largest scale exhibition that shows the history of the Silk Road in recent years. AsAPECis going on in Beijing, the exhibit aims to show the world this brilliant section of history. The Silk Road is a series of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent. It connected the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea during various periods of time. I met my dear hubby in 2009 the second year I was in my school and it was the first year when he came here. We became colleagues. And there was nothing special happening during that year. He was just a kind and humble brother graduated from the same college