高考英语完形填空命题特点.ppt

高考英语完形填空命题特点 1. 短文长度200词左右，生词少，难度适中。 2. 首句无空格，提供语境。5-10词设一空，一 般人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。隔词 数越少，题目越难。 3. 选项多为一词，偶会为词组。四选项为同一 类 词或属同一范畴，或近义或形异义，或与前 后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。 4.考查单词以实词(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)为 主，虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词一般 占80%-90%，其中又以动、名、形为 主。 5.以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的 意义把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正 确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基 础上，正确把握上下文的逻辑关系，才 能正确判断和选择。 完形填空解题步骤 通览-试填-复核 解题技巧 1. 行文逻辑:充分利用文章的上下文和前 后句，找出有提示作用的词或句。 2. 注意固定搭配 3. 注意词语辨析同义词或形近词 4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 6. 根据生活常识及相关知识确定选项 7. 语法规则 解题技巧 1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选 择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义 词或反义词。 Many old people dont have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio . A hearing B health C eyesight D time Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous 根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词 应与shallow相反，因此选A I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor ,I was_ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第26小 题） A helpless B lazy C anxious D tired D Mrs ONeill asked_ questions, and she didnt scold us either. A. no B. certain C. many D. more A Mark_ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京 春 50小题） A.fell B. sat C.lay D. knelt and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第 45小题） A graduation B movement C separation D vacation A When Ed first phoned and suggested we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an victory. ( 全国卷) A.unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early C 2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的 搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词 与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选 择正确的短语。 The city(Washington) was named_George Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _ tea at the time. A. cooking B. making C.burning D. serving It suddenly_1_me that if we want to go on a picnic tomorrow we had better do some preparations this evening. a.hit on b.struck c.occurred d.drawn Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_ so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of , but they are _ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest, Said John Norris,one of the protesters.（NMET1999第30题) A doing B raising C putting D producing 3 注意词语辨析 1）Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D.shout 2）It was a pleasant way of passing the time for an old woman who lived _. A.lonely B. alone C. away D. busily He used to have a_1_of coin- collection,but he has given it up. a.custom b.habit c.hobby d.like The wounded soldier was unconscious but still_1_when taken to the hospital. a.living b.alive c.live d.lively Its wonderful for the fact that the Chinese team won two unexpected gold_1_in Sydney,12 more than its previous best. a.metals b.medals c.models d.modals 4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 And video cameras can be used to _peoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch When the papers were_ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered Japan is an island country and its_ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _. A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains A.buy B. catch C.hold D.weigh 只有fishing boats能够到太平洋捕鱼 ，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动 词catch，第二个空答案为B。 At first nothing happened,_ suddenly a large rat rushed out of the A.and B. or C. so D.then 5 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 It has been many years since I was last in London, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as My main responsibility(职责） were clearing tables and washing dishes,_sometimes I helped cook.（2003 北京 第40题） A. or B. so C. but D. even 6 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选 项 The space is left to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets _. A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry Behind the dancer there was a woman_ a large diamond ring. A.carrying B. dressing C. wearing D. holding （Immediately,）the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital. A.animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest “Dont be afraid,” he said and started to swim towards the river bank, _ the boy with him. A. pushing B. dragging C. holding D. catching ,you _the international dateline.By agreement, this is the point where a new day_. A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by _A.is coming B is discovered C.is invented D. begins the international dateline是国际日期变更 线，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但 是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案 分别为B 和D As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me, （2003 北京 54 题） A.he B. that C. who D.whoever 7 利用语法知识选出正确选项 例题分析：（2010年全国卷 一 ） It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for appointment （约会）at 9:30. The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him. I saw him 39 his watch and decided, since I was 40 busy-my patient didnt 41 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctors appointment. 36. A. breath B. test C. seat D. break 37. A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling 38. A. if B. before C. since D. after 39. A. taking off B. fixing C. looking at D. winding 40. A. very B. also C. seldom D. not 41. A. turn up B. show off C. come on D. go away The gentleman said no and told me that he 42 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 43 . He told me that she had been 44 for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late, he replied that she 46 knew who he was, that she had not been able to 47 him for five years now. I was 48 and asked him, “And you 49 go every morning, even though she doesnt know who you are?” 42. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened 43. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister 44. A late B. well C. around D. there 45. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry 46. A. so far B. neither C. no longer D. already 47. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect 48. A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D .satisfied 4