翻译技巧长句的翻译.ppt

Chapter Fourteen Translation of Long Sentences I. Review and comments on the assignments II. Translation of long sentences III. Summary IV. Assignments V. References for further reading Teaching Procedures I. Review and comments on the assignments 从重庆到汉口，我坐了木船。 危险，我当然知道。一路上数不尽的滩，礁石随 处都是，要出事，随时可以出。还有盗匪实在是 最可怜的同胞，他们种地没得吃，有力气没处卖，当了 兵经常饿肚皮，无奈何只好出此下策。假如遇见了， 把铺盖或者身上衣服带下去，也是异常难处的事儿。 但是，回转来想，从前没有轮船，没有飞机，历来走 川江的人都坐木船。就是如今，上上下下的还有许多 人在那里坐木船，如果统计起来，人数该比坐轮船坐飞 机的多。人家可以坐，我就不能坐吗？我又不比人 家高贵。至于危险，不考虑也罢。(11)轮船飞机就不危 险吗？(12)安步当车似乎最稳妥了，可是人家屋檐边也可 以掉下一瓦片来。(13)要绝对安全就莫要做人。 I took a wooden boat from Chongqing to Hankou. Of course I knew it was risky to travel by wooden boat. With countless shoals and reefs to negotiate, accidents might happen any time To complicate matters, there are bandits lurking around - those pitiful fellow country-men who, unable to ward off starvation by farming or soldiering or whatnot, have been reduced to the disreputable business as a last resort. If you happened to meet them, it would be quite difficult for you defend yourself and you had to give your clothes or quilts to them. But on second thoughts, it occurred to me that in the days before steamers and aircraft came into use, people used to travel by wooden boat up and down the Sichuan section of the Yangtse River. Even today, many continued to do so, and statistics would invariably show a higher percentage of people traveling by wooden boat than by steamer or aircraft. Why shouldnt I do the same ? Why should I think it beneath myself to travel by wooden boat? As for safety,(11)was it less dangerous to travel by steamer or aircraft? (12) Going on foot seemed to be the best choice, but a tile falling off the eaves of somebodys house might hit the person walking by.(13) Having absolute safety was humanly impossible. 顺译法 1. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前， 我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新的国家 ， 它以自由为立国之本， 奉行所有人生来平等的原则。 2. The statement declared that the international order must be changed or the gap between developed and developing countries would continue to widen. 声明宣称国际经济秩序必须改变， 否则发达国家与发展 中国家之间的差距将继续扩大。 II. Translation of Long Sentences 顺译法 3.Throughout the ages only honest laboring people see the truth that wealth is created through labor. Only they can free their minds of any fantastic ideas of getting rich. And only they create and accumulate wealth for both society and themselves through practical work. 历来只有真正诚实的劳动者， 才懂得劳动创造财富的道理， 才能 排除一切想入非非的发财思想， 而踏踏实实地用自己的辛勤劳动， 为社会也为自己创造财富和积累财富。 4.一定要言行一致， 理论与实践密切结合， 反对华而不实和任何虚 夸， 少说空话， 多做工作， 扎扎实实， 埋头苦干。 Deed and word must match and theory and practice must be closely integrated. We must reject flashiness withoutsubstance and every sort of boasting. There must be less empty talk and more hard work. We must be steadfast and dedicated. II. Translation of Long Sentences 倒译法 1. A student of mathematics must become familiar with and fix in mind the signs and symbols, the definitions and technical 1. terms in mathematics, in order that he may be able to have the 2. foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for 3. further study. 为了能打下数学基础， 掌握好数学，以便进一步学习深造， 一个学 数学的人必须熟悉并牢记数学中所用的记号和符号， 定义和术语。 2. A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor became the classic poor, the poor under the rather romantic Guise of Beat generation, a real phenomenon in ht elate fifties. 50年代后期的美国出现了一个真正的奇观：穷知识分子以“垮掉 的一代”这种颇为浪漫的姿态出现而成为美国典型的穷人。正是在 这个时候大批大学毕业生被赶进了知识分子贫民窟。 II. Translation of Long Sentences 倒译法 3. And I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours, has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way. 吹嘘能在几个小时之内就能占领战略要地的敌人，由于一路受 到顽强抵抗， 甚至还没能占领外围地带。 这一事实使我增强了 信心。 II. Translation of Long Sentences 分译法 1.Manufacturing process may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced. 制造过程可分为单件生产和批量生产。单件生产指少 量的生产，批量生产指大量 相同零件的生产。 II. Translation of Long Sentences 分译法 2. Article I of the GATT is the celebrated most favored nation clause under which each member nation must give treatment to other member nations imports and exports that is at least as favorable as that applied to the most favored nation. 关税及关贸总协定的第一条是著名的最惠国条款， 每 一个成员国给予其他成员国的进出口货物的待遇至 少应和给予最惠国的待遇同样的优惠。 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade II. Translation of Long Sentences 分译法 3.The foreign visitors watched in a fascinated manner the tournament held in Beijing, which exhibited a superb performance in smash service, twist service, steady service, high drop and killing and ended in a draw. 外宾观看了在北京举行的这场锦标赛。 这场比赛在发 扣球、转球、保险球、吊球和扣杀方面技术都十分 精湛， 最后打成平局。他们看得简直入迷了。 发扣球、转球、保险球、吊球和 扣杀 II. Translation of Long Sentences 重新组合译法 1. It is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes to a feeling of well-being whether or not exercise adds to the length of life. 不管运动是否能延年益寿, 但一定量的运动可以增进健康并使人精神 愉快, 这一点却是人们共有的体验。 2.They(the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty. 对于以往的几代人来说， 旧式的体力劳动是一种用以摆脱贫困的手 段， 而技术的进步则摧毁了穷人赖以生存的体力劳动。 因此， 首先体验到科技进步之害的是穷人。 II. Translation of Long Sentences 重新组合译法 3. Lest one assume that a knowledge of electronic structure enabled chemists to arrange the elements in systematic table, it should be noted that electrons were not known until over 30 years after the table was in use. 必须指出， 周期表使用了三十年以后， 人们才知道电子 ； 而决不要认为是化学家们知道了电子结构以后， 才排成元素周期表的。 II. Translation of Long Sentences Exercises 1. The united Nations Secretary General says he is sure the Security Council will approve the agreement with Iraq about UN arms inspectors. 联合国秘书长说他确信安理会会批准与伊拉克达成的有关联合国 武器核查人员的协议。（顺译） 2. Since the molecules of a gas are much too far from each other to repel or attract each other, it is very easy to compress a gas, while a solid or liquid is almost incompressible, because the repulsion of the electric charges of which its atoms are made up are far stronger than any force we can apply. 由于气体分子相隔太远， 不能互相排斥或吸引， 所以气体很容易 压缩。而固体或液体几乎是不可压缩的， 因为其原子的电荷斥 力比我们所能施加的任何力都要强得多。（顺译） II. Translation of Long Sentences Exercises 3In reality, the lines of division between sciences are becoming blurred, and science again approaching the “unity” that it had two centuries ago-although the accumulated knowledge is enormously greater now, and no one person can hope to comprehend more than a fraction of it. 虽然现在积累起来的知识要多得多， 而一个人也只可能了解其中 的一小部分， 但事实上， 各学科之间界线却变得越来越模糊不 清， 科学再次近似与两百年前那样的“单一整体”。（倒译） 4. My mother died in her 88th year, a mighty age for one who at 40 was so delicate of body as to be accounted a confirmed invalid destined to pass away. 我的母亲是在她88岁那年去世的. 这对于一位40岁就身体纤弱、被 公认为有痼疾缠身、注定不久于人世的人来说， 是难得的高龄 。(分译) II. Translation of Long Sentences Exercises 5. What the New Yorker would find missing is what many outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New York-its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracing competitiveness; the rigor of its judgement; and the congested, democratic presence of so many other New Yorkers encased in their own world. 纽约的粗犷、紧张，那种急迫感和催人奋进的竞争性， 它的是非