情态动词和助动词的用法详解及练习.doc

助动词的用法总结及讲解一助动词：情态助动词，基础助动词助动词的定义：助动词和情态动词都是英语中特殊动词，即：不能再句子中独立充当句子成分。而是与实义动词一起使用构成复合用语。常配合主要动词，协助构成否定句，疑问句，强调句，时态，语态等语法形式。基础助动词有：be, do情态助动词基本用法总结：情态动词用法否定式疑问式与简答can能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）can not / cannot /cant doCando?Yes,can./No,cant.may可以（问句中表示请求）祝愿（用于倒装句中）may not do Maydo? Yes,may.No,mustnt/cant.must必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）must not/mustnt doMustdo? Yes,must.No,neednt/dont have to.shall用于一三人称征求对方意见shall not/shant doShalldo?Yes,shall. No,shant.should应当，应该（表义务责任）should not/shouldnt doShoulddo?will意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉will not/wont doWilldo?Yes,will. No,wont.wouldwould not/wouldnt do二助动词的功能 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来： a. 表示时态，例如：What are you reading?（你正在阅读什么？） I am reading a magazine.（我正在阅读杂志。）He is singing.他在唱歌。We are working hard in the garden.（构成现在进行时） b. 构成疑问句，例如：Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗？Do you live in Shanghai? c. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：I dont like him. 我不喜欢他。 助动词练习一 把下列句子变为一般疑问句。公式：助动词+主语 +句子剩余部分。1. It is a lovely dog. _2. She is a lovely girl. _3. We are classmates. _4. I am a doctor. _5. There is a bird in the tree. _6. They are good friends. _7. I love my parents. _9. We have a pleasant home. _ 10.They go to church on Sunday. _ 11.You are a singer. _ 二. 用do does be 填空 1 _ she know all the answers ? Yes , she _ . No, she _.2 _ the twins often fight ? Yes ,_ do. No, _ dont.3 _ your dad like listening to music? Yes ,_ does . No, _ doesnt. 4 _ you have a new teacher? Yes , I _. No, I _. 5 _ she a teacher? Yes, she _ . No, she _.6 _ your father smoking in the living room? Yes, _ is .No, he _.情态助动词练习一将下面各组词组成句子（注意：标点符号）1._ _ _（an,aeroplane,hear,Lucy,can ）2. _ _ (not,he ,dance,can )3._ _? (you,can ,see,what )4._ _(can ,see ,not ,we ,you)5._ _. (I ,can ,help ,you )6._ _? (you ,can ,dance)二选择1.（ ）Dad, may I watch TV? No, you cant. You _ finish your homework first. A. must B. can C. may2.( ) Must I be home before eight oclock, Mum? No, you_. But you have to come back before ten oclock. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt3.( ) _ I borrow your history book? Sure. Here you are.A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will4.（ ） you like some bread ? A .Would B.Could C .Can5.（ ）We throw the waste in the zoo.A.cant B.dont C.mustnt6. ( ) We should more flowers, and we shouldnt cut any flowers. A.plant B.planting C.plants7. ( ) May I have some water? A. Yes,you have. B.Yes,you can. C.Yes,certainly.8. ( ) Shall we work on the farm ? A. Yes, we do. B. Yes, we shall. B. All right.9. ( ) Would you have something to announce? A. Yes, we would. B. Yes, Id like . C.Yes, of course.10. ( ) Can I help you? A.Yes, you can. B.No, I can do it. C.Yes. Id like some oranges. 三填空1. Must I stand up? No, you _.2. _ I speak something? Yes, you _.3. _ I leave the park now? No, you _ stay here.4. My grandmother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her.5._ you like some juice?6. They _ take more exercise.7. _ you tell me the way to the museum?8. The watch _ tell us the right time.9. _ you like to go boating with us?10. _ we play chess next weekend?四按要求改写句子。1.She can walk quickly. I _ _quickly . (否定句)2.They can paint the wall well. （一般疑问句） _ they _ the wall wel