在职研究生英语试题答案.docVIP

Part I Vocabulary (20 points)Direction: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. My father was diagnosed as emphysema and was advised to a from alcohol and cigarettes. A abstainB obtain C avoid D prevent2. A large number of old men and women are b with rheumatism in this bleak northern part of the world.A sufferingB afflicted C troubled D bother3. The boy is such a good violinist that he will probably make quite a b for himself.A starB name C credit D character4. The Iraq force was c under the attack of the U.S.A armys bombing.A abolishedB disappeared C annihilated D triumphed5. A study shows that c is a serious psychological disease that is affecting many college students life.A maniaB selfish C autism D egocentricity6. Nuclear weapons might b like tumors in humans body to destroy the whole human being.A grewB proliferate C extend D erupts7. Just when her life was going well, Jane was c by a devastating illness.A attackB fallen C blindsided D surprised8. It is reported that many b companies are operating in that province.A falseB bogus C bad D fake9. Los Angeles County, the most populous county in the country, is c the trend of recession. A againstB following C bucking D enhanced10. The war completely c the whole nations industries as well as agriculture.A crampedB crimpled C crippled D lowered11. It had been a/an c according to Aristotle that a heavy object falls faster than the light one from the same height, but Galileo overthrew it. A definitionB utterance C clincher D law12. Marys granny is good at making c .A picturesB colleges C collages D paintings.13. The government made a budget to a the educational expenditure for the purpose to strengthen their arms.A curtailB limit C condense D concentrate14. The sculpture d toward the far end of the sea as if he is waiting for the crew to come back.A cravesB spots C watches D contemplates15. Nearly every Chinese student has asked his or her English teacher for b cutting of mastering English.A cornerB short C near D close16. The d fact cannot prevent every womans pursuit for youth.A olderB disable C senility D decrepit17. “Charity a those who receive it and hardens those who dispense it, ” George Sand said.A degradesB demises C depresses D deregulates18. They have collected a large number of b evidence needed to convict.A discreteB concrete C specific D separate19. Although he has been over thirties, he is still d by fairy tales like a child.A addictedB interested C enjoyful D entranced 20. The thief c himself behind his newspaper from time to time while the reporter interviewed him.A protectedB revealed C entrenched D covered21. The b living cost and education fee prevent many young couples from planning to give birth to a baby.A hugeB exorbitant C outrageous D increasing22. She is not usually good at table tennis; that winning stroke was a d .A luckyB accident C chance D fluke23. The boss was really a fool by using a b safety lock.A easyB foolproof C effective D solid24. Many people have the experience of a a future case in their dream.AforeshadowingB prefigure C indicating D implying25. The white horse d into the first place within seconds to go and we relieved a sigh.A fledB eloped C hurried D forged26. It is a troublesome and heavy work to make fitment of a house and the most one is to c the floor.A buildB instruct C resurface D infrastructure27. All human being hopes justices will c , but the fact is always against the wish.A popularB conquer C prevail D prevalence28. The two weavers talked about the cloth in a c language while the minister was pretending to see it.A praiseB boast C hyperbolic D brag29. In recent years the kindergarten teachers have complained a lot about the c of children.A intolerance B overactivity C hyperactivity D fantasy30 Once the d of the skin was damaged, usually there will be a scar left on the surface after healing up.A deepstructureB lowest C layer Dinfrastructure31. The doctor paid c to his nurses by praising their work.A giftsB presents C tribute D contribution32. The singer have a b examined his dog to see what is wrong with him these days.A doctorB veterinary C surgeon D pediatrist33. The paintings of Paul Czanne c the rise of cubism in the early 20th century.A presentedB predicated C prefigured D forthcome34. The political authority force the old man to sign a/an c never to reveal the secret.A promiseB word C pledge D oath35. The examiner let us show our b in order to be admitted to the test center.A certificateB identification C passport D testimonial 36. Everyone marveled b his courage to fight against the monster.A inB at C from D on37. The movie depicted peoples a emotion when they might have lost their good past happy time.A nostalgiaB sorrow C sad D regretful38. When we got to the cinema, the movie was c to the close.A reducing B going C waningD wax39. Our thinking is b by our historical myths.A soakedB permeated C pervaded D presented40. Every c mother is anxious to some degree while waiting for the new life. A waitingB pinching C expectant D eagerPart II Translation: (20 points)Directions: Translate the following English into Chinese.What is the optimal design for such a multi-tiered confidentiality system? Would there be unintended consequences? Would it be acceptable to the public? Without good answers to such questions, information technology could fall under the same cloud of public suspicion that hangs over nuclear power and genetic engineering. Already, aggressive telemarketing has made people very reluctant to answer scientific surveys administered by telephone. Internet-based surveys have promise, but they typically lack the reliability of traditional random-sample polling. Another challenge is that impartial research on the real consequences of government security-motivated data fusion and mining may not be possible within the government security regime itself, because impartiality in science requires the research to be made public.这样一个多层机密系统的最佳构思是什么呢？是否会出现意外的后果？公众是否能接受？如果不能很好地回答这些问题，信息技术将会像核能源和基因工程一样被笼罩在大众的疑云之中。现在无处不在的电话销售已经让人们变得十分抵触通过电话进行的科学调查了。网络调查倒是大有前途，但是显然缺乏传统的随机抽样调查的可信度。另一个问题是，政府以安全为目的进行数据收集和整合，但是对其真实结果的研究在政府的安全机构内部是不可能公正的，因为要想获得科学的公正性，研究就必须公开进行。Part Reading comprehension (40 points)Direction: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Of each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Question 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, Never was so dull a boy. Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach. As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformityand stubbornness (and Yeatss level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.61. The main point the author is making about schools is that_c_.A they should enroll as many gifted students as possibleB they should organize their classes according to the students abilityC they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented studentsD they should satisfy the needs of students from different family backgrounds62. The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmiths teachers _d_.A to show how poor Olivers performance was at schoolB to illustrate the strong will of some gifted childrenC to explain how dull students can also be successfulDto provide support for his argument63. Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who_a_.A could not cope with their studies at school successfullyB paid no attention to their teachers in classC contradicted their teachers much too oftenD behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers64. Many gifted people attributed their success _b_.A less to their systematic education than to their talentB mainly to parental help and their education at homeC both to school instruction and to their parents coachingD more to their parents encouragement than to school training65. The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is that _b_.A they were seldom praised by their teachersB school courses failed to inspire or motivate themC their nonconformity brought them a lot of troubleD teachers were usually far stricter than their parentsPassage 2Question 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:Its hardly new that the immigration system is a mess. Foreign nationals have long been slipping across the border with fake papers, and visitors who arrive in the U.S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished. But since Sept. 11, its become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans. In addition to their mastery of forging passports, at least three of the 19 Sept. 11 hijackers were here on expired visas. Thats been a safe bet until now. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) lacks the resources, and apparently the inclination, to keep track of the estimated 2 million foreigners who have intentionally overstayed their welcome.But this laxness toward immigration fraud may be about to change. Congress has already taken some modest steps. The U.S.A. Patriot Act, passed in the wake of the Sept. 11 tragedy, requires the FBI, the Justice Department, the State Department and the INS to share more data, which will make it easier to stop watch-listed terrorists at the border.But whats really needed, critics say, is even tougher laws and more resources aimed at tightening up border security. Reformers are calling for a rollback of rules that hinder law enforcement. They also want the INS to hire hundreds more border patrol agents and investigators to keep illegal immigrants out and to track them down once theyre here. Reformers also want to see the INS set up a database to monitor whether visa holders actually leave the country when they are required to.All these proposed changes were part of a new border-security bill that passed the House of Representatives but died in the Senate last week. Before Sept. 11, legislation of this kind had been blocked by two powerful lobbies: universities, which rely on tuition from foreign students who could be kept out by the new law, and business, which relies on foreigners for cheap labor. Since the attacks, theyve backed off. The bill would have passed this time but for congressional maneuverings and is expected to be reintroduced and to pass next year.Also on the agenda for next year: a proposal, backed by some influential law-makers, to split the INS into two agencies - a good cop that would tend to service functions like processing citizenship papers and a bad cop that would concentrate on border inspections, deportation and other functions. One reason for the division, supporters say, is that the INS has in recent years become too focused on serving tourists and immigrants. After the Sept. l 1 tragedy, the INS should pay more attention to serving the millions of ordinary Americans who rely on the nations border security to protect them from terrorist attacks.66. Terrorists have obviously taken advantage of _d_.A the irresponsibility of the officials at border checkpointsB the legal privileges granted to foreignersC the excessive hospitality of the American peopleD the low efficiency of the Immigration and Naturalization Service67. We learn from the passage that coordinated efforts will be made by various U.S. government agencies to _c_.A limit the number of immigrants to the U.S.B prevent the forgery of immigration papersC ward off terrorist suspects at the borderD refuse the renewing of expired visas68. It can be inferred from the passage that before Sept. 11, aliens with expired visas _a_.A might stay on for as long as they wishedB would be closely watched by FBI agentsC would live in constant fear of deportationD might have them extended without trouble69. It is believed by many that all these years the INS _c_.A has been serving two contradictory functions B has ignored the pleas of the two powerful lobbiesC has over-emphasized its service functions at the expense of the nations securityD has been too liberal in granting visas to tourists and immigrants indiscriminately70. Before Sept. 11, the U.S. Congress had been unable to pass stricter immigration laws because _d_.A education and business circles cared little about national securityB resources were not available for their enforcement C it was difficult to coordinate the efforts of the congressmenD they might have kept away foreign students and cheap laborPassage 3Question 71 to 75 are based on the following passage:Machines and foreign competition will replace millions of American jobs. But work will be plentiful for people trained in the occupations of the future. The Labour Department predicts a net increase of 25 million new jobs in the United States in1995 with service-industry jobs growing three times as rapidly as factory jobs. “Work will shift its emphasis from the fatigue and monotony of the production studio, the research laboratory, the education institute and the training school,” predicts Canadian economist Calvert.Jobs in high-tech fields will multiply fastest, but from a low base. In terms of actual numbers, more mundane occupations will experience the biggest surge: custodians, cashiers, secretaries, waiters and clerks. Yet much of the drudge work will be taken on by robots.The number of robots performing blue-collar tasks will increase from 3000 in 1981 to 40000 in 1990, says John E. Tay