可数名词和不可数名词讲解及练习.doc

可数名词和不可数名词讲解 （一）定义：1可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因此它有复数形式，当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。 2.不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an 。 可数名词用法讲解: 可数名词有单复数之分。 单数可数名词 1. 单数可数名词一般不会单独出现，前面通常要有限定词。 例如：She is friend(friend 前面加上my.) I have pen.(pen前面加上a) I like boy.(boy前面加上this) 限定词通常有三类。 冠词。经常用不定冠词 a、an。 形容词性物主代词。 指示代词this、that 。this、that可用the代替。 2. 单数可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数，谓语动词使用三单（单数）形式。 My father is (be) very tall. His brother likes (like) playing basketball. 可数名词的复数形式。 1单数变复数 规则变化 a. 一般情况下，直接加-s.如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.以s、x、ch、sh和部分0结尾的加es c. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d. 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e. 以o结尾，通常加s.初中范围只有这四个词Negro hero potato potato 这四个词加es 如tomato -potatoes. tomato-tomatoes巧记 黑人 英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯这四个词加es 不规则变化： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese. 3什么时候使用可数名词的复数形式？ a.数词大于1，可数名词用复数。 b.可数名词前有Some/any、these/those 、a lot of/lots of、 many、How many、 a few修饰时，可数名词用复数。 Some/any+可复 a lot of/lots of+可复 Many+可复 How many+可复 A few+可复 c.复数名词表示泛指是可数名词使用复数形式。 I like apples Grapes are my favourite fruit. 4.对可数名词数量提问使用how many 不可数名词 1. 不可数没有复数。 不可数名词不能直接和a/an、数词连用。若要表示它的个体意义时，一般要与一个名词短语连用，即a/an /数词 +量词单数/复数+of+不可数名词。 A cup of tea two cups of tea 注意 数词大于一，量词用复数。 a/an /数词+量词单数/复数+of+不可数名词 做主语时，它的数由量词的数决定。如 The cup of tea is (be) hot. Two cups of tea are (be) on the table. 2. 单个的不可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数，谓语动词使用三单形式。 The meat smells (smell) delicious. The water is on the table. 3. 常用来修饰不可数名词的词 Some/any、 a lot of/lots of、much 、how much、a little等 4. 对不可数名词的数量提问用How much How much water do you want？可数名词不可数名词练习题 一、 写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、radio 13、photo 14、tomato 15、fox 16、woman 17、knife 18、sheep 二、选择填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 4 The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 5. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 6. There some in the river. A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish7. There two in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches 三、用所给名词的适当形式填空。 1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some_(food) in the basket. 3. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle. 4. Lets take_(photo), OK? 5. I have lots of_(tomato) here. 6. The_(leaf) on the tree turn yellow. 7. The_(child) are playing games on the playground now. 8. Their_(dictionary) look new. 9. They are_(woman) doctors. 1