M5U2TheUnitedKingdom知识点学案.doc

M5U2The United Kingdom知识点学案Important sentences in the UnitReading1. How many countries does the UK consist of?2. England can be divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are?3. You can clarify this question if you study British history. 4. Now when people refer to England, you find Wales included as well. 现在当人们说到英格兰时，你会发现威尔士也包括在其中5. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.6. However the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.7. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas, but they still have very different institutions. 值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系方面；但是有些制度仍然区别很大8. Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!9. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China,they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two!10. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.11. The third,the Vikings influenced the vocabulary and place names of North England and the fouth the Normans,left castled and introduced new words for food.12. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.Using language13. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.14. To her surprise,Zhang Pingyu found the Queens jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the Queen Elizabeth I.15. Then as she came out of tha abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing our the hour.16. What interested her was the longitude line.It is a imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation.17. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世18. She was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.19. It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. 十九世纪建的工业城市不能吸引游客，真是遗憾！20It looked splendid when first built刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌！Sentence pattern FocusTo their credit the four countries do work together in some areas(eg. The currency and international relations),but they still have different institutions.值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作。例如在货币和国际关系方面；但是有些制度仍然区别很大。“do/does/did+动词原形”用于肯定陈述句中，加强语气 Do come this evening.今天晚上一定要来。 He did write to you last week.他上周的确给你写信了。 Tom does study hard now.汤姆现在学习真的很努力Now when people refer to England you find_Wales_included as well. (P10)现在当人们提到英国的时候，你会发现(他们)把威尔士也包括在里面了。这是“find 宾语 宾语补足语”的结构。宾语补足语可以用形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、动词ed和动词ing来充当。1. We found a group of children playing on the playground. (doing作宾补)2. We have found him a dishonest person. (名词作宾补) 3. Im so glad to find you in. (副词作宾补)4. He couldnt find it in his heart abandoning her. (形式宾语it doing 作宾补)5. We found the shop closed. (done 作宾补) 6. I find learning English difficult. (形容词作宾补)There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.没有必要再去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。there is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事拓展 there is no doubt that.是毫无疑问的there is no possibility that. 是没有可能的theres no point in doing sth. 做没用/没意义Its no good/ no harm/ no use doing sth.做某事没有好处/害处/用处theres no use/no good/ no point（in）doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处/意义It is no wonder that.难怪There is no need to worry at all.根本没必要着急。There is no point in complaining; they never take any notice.埋怨没用，人家根本不理睬。翻译 我们有必要再去那一趟吗? 没必要给他写封信告知这个消息。 答案： Is there any need for us to go there again?There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.【教材原句】It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.(P14) 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。【句法分析】should用在that从句中表达感情、意志，意为“竟然，居然”。Im surprised that you should speak in that way.我很惊讶你居然用那种方式说话。Im glad that your story should have won the first prize.我很高兴你的小说居然赢得一等奖。【温馨提示】should have done还可以表示过去该做某事，意为“本应该；要是已经就好了”。We should have studied last night，but we went to the concert instead.昨晚我们本应该学习，但我们却参加音乐会去了。I was really anxious about you.You shouldnt have left home without a word.我很担心你。你不该一句话没说就离开家。单项填空I think Ill give Bob a ring.You . You havent been in touch with him for ages.（201001浙江嘉兴检测）A. Will B. may C. have to D. should fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. 201001浙江绍兴检测）A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be解析： 选D。should意为“应该”，多表示某事宜做、应当做或必须做，强调主观方面。根据所提供的情景“You havent been in touch with him for ages”可知，由于多年没有联系，所以应该给Bob打电话。will意为“将”。may意为“可以”。have to意为“不得不”，表示因客观原因不得不做某事。选B。考查虚拟条件句的倒装。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移至从句的句首，变为倒装。句意为：即使你被解雇了，医疗保障和其他福利也不会立刻中断13(2011年石家庄质检)Did you punish him for that? Yes，but I dont think I_.Ashould have done soBneed to have done so Cshould do that Dought have done that解析选A从上下文的语境可以看出是发生在过去的事情用“should have done”结构本句中表示“本不该做而做了某事”。14Since you have made such good preparations，there_be any problem about passing the coming exam.Amustnt Bshant Cshouldnt Dneednt 解析选C。shouldnt表示“不应该”，符合语境。【原句】Worried about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.(P14)由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。【句法分析】(1)worried about.为过去分词短语作状语，表原因。Well known for his expert advice，he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.他的足智多谋广为人知，因此他能帮助很多人解决私事。Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry.被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。When I opened the door，I found him seated in the chair，absorbed in his magazine.当我打开门，发现他坐在椅子上，专心看杂志。(2)available adj.可以利用的；有用的；有空的Is the library available during the summer vacation?图书馆在暑假期间开放吗？There is only a little money available for the trip.这次旅行只有少数钱可供使用。I regret to inform you that there are no tickets available for Fridays performance.我很遗憾地通知你，星期五演出的票没有了。15There are plenty of jobs_in the western part of the country.ApresentBavailable Cprecious Dconvenient解析：选B。句意：在那个国家西部地区有许多工作供你选择。present 目前的，现在的(前置定语)；出席的，在场的(后置定语)；available可用的，可得到的，可达到的；precious 宝贵的，珍贵的；convenient方便的，便利的。As economy is getting better and better, there are more and more jobs _A. presentB. availableC. preciousD. convenient16(2011年重庆第二次诊断)Shella forgot all about the dog and the TV set，_in the new magazine that had come in the mail. Adeeply lost Bdeeply losing Cwas deeply lost Dand deeply lost解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。deeply lost为过去分词作状语，表示原因。句意：由于Shella沉迷于邮件中的新杂志，所以她忘记了狗和电视。【原句】It looked splendid when first built！(P14)刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌！【句法分析】当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分含有动词be时，这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉，省略后的部分为“when分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。(1)when现在分词 Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the road.在过马路时要注意车辆。(2)when过去分词 Metals expand when(they are)heated.金属加热时，会膨胀。(3)when介词短语 When(you are)in trouble，ask him for help.遇到困难时可向他求助。(4)when形容词(短语)When (they were) young，they moved to Pairs.年轻时他们就移居巴黎了。(5)when名词(短语)When(she was)a girl，she wrote a novel.当她还是个女孩时，她写了一部小说。17(2011年福建毕业班检查)Will the match be cancelled because of the bad weather?No.Rain or shine，the match will be held as_.AscheduleBscheduling Cscheduled Dto schedule解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词的解题关键在于找到逻辑主语，然后判断与此动词的逻辑关系。此处逻辑主语是前面的the match，与schedule构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式scheduled，其实此处也可以看作是as the match is scheduled的省略，故答案选C项。18We all know that，_，the situation will get worse.Anot if dealt carefully with Bif not carefully dealt with Cnot if dealt carefully with Dnot if carefully dealt with解析：选B。考查状语从句的省略。此状语从句完整结构应为“if the situation is not carefully dealt with”。选项A、C、D结构错误，均可被排除。(6)It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it(7)Franks dream was to have his own shop _ the workings of his own hands. A. that to produce B. in which to produce C. by which to produce D. how to produce(8)The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water(9)There are few English story books on the shelf, _. A. if all B. if ever C. if have D. if any10.(2010浙江卷)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if_ regularly，can improve our health.Abeing carried outBcarrying out Ccarried outDto carry out解析：考查归纳。句意为：试验表明，如果有规律地进行适量的锻炼，就能够提高身体健康状况。首先，if carried outif it is carried out，依句意可知itproper amounts of exercise，与carry out 构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动含义。而being carried out 意为：正在被开展；carrying out与to carry out表主动含义，所以C项正确。【原句】There followed St. Pauls Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.该句为全部倒装句。“here there, now, then 等副词开头的句型中, 谓语是be, exist, happen, come, go, follow, remain, lie, stand, sit, live等不及物动词，主语不是代词时，全部倒装。1). There _ nobody in the classroom. 2). There _发生an event last week. 3). There _有 a temple long time ago. 4). There _ the bell. 铃响了 5). Here _ the bus. 车来了 6). Now _ your turn. 轮到你了 7). Here _ _. 给你 8). Here we go 开始了。Keys : is; happened; existed/was; goes; comes; comes; you are.单项填空1What about your journey to Mount Hua?Everything was wonderful except that the car we rented_on the way back.Abroke upBbroke down Cbroke out Dbroke in2Boys and girls，please remain_and keep quiet until theelectricity supply returns to normal.Aseated Bseating Cto seat Dseat3Five men and three women make up the temporary group to look into the case.In other words，it_eight people.Aconsists of Bis consisted of Cis consisting of Dis being consisted of4According to the present findings，we can draw a conclusion_so far a large number of people have died of cholera in this town. Awhether Bthat Cwhat Dif5Though computers can do a lot of work man cant do，they cant completely_human beings.Areplace with Binstead of Ctake place Dtake the place of6Life in London has so many_nightclubs，good restaurants and so on.Acollections Binstructions Cattractions Dexpressions7He tried to deal with the increasing burden of his work，but he finally_and had to take a complete rest.Abroke off Bbroke away Cbroke out Dbroke down8To their great fear，they found_in the heaviest snowfall they had ever had.Athey were catching Bthemselves caught Cthey had caught Dthemselves catching9Did you meet with the famous space hero，Yang Liwei? _I had come here earlier!AIf only BIf not CBut for DFor fear10Could you please tell us about some good ways to learn English?My suggestion is that reading often and writing regularly _.Aare neededBis needed Cbe needed Dshould need11_ by the problem that was put forward at the meeting，the people in the audience had _ looks on their faces. APuzzled；puzzling BPuzzled；puzzled CPuzzling；puzzling DPuzzling；puzzled12When you come to the fence，you can see a notice_there saying “_the grass”Aputting up；Keep off Bputting up；Keep away Cput up；Keep out Dput up；Keep off13If I were you，I would take it easy；_ is no need to be nervous.Ait Bthis Cthere Dwhich14As is known to all，it is teachers and parents who will have a big_on the development of children.Achange Baffection Cinfluence Dimpression答案.单项填空1B考查短语辨析。break down(车辆、机器等)坏了；break up散会，散学，分散；break out爆发；break in插嘴，非法进入。2A考查非谓语动词。remain在此作系动词，seated作表语，表示主语的状态。3A考查consist of的用法。consist of意为“由组成”，通常不用于被动语态和进行时态。4B考查名词性从句。that引导的同位语从句进一步说明conclusion的具体内容。5D take the place of代替replace取代，代替为及物动词；instead of代替副词短语，此处不合适；take place发生6Cattraction吸引，吸引人们的东西；collection收集，收藏；instruction指导；expression表情，根据题意7D题干中提到他忙于不断增加的工作负担，最后累倒(broke down)了；break down在此意为“身体垮了”。break off突然停止；break away逃脱，脱离；break out爆发。8B句意为：他们发现被困在大雪之中。发现自己被困必须用反身代词宾补，若用宾语从句应用be caught in。9Aif only表示一个强烈的感叹，“要是就好了”，往往用在一个省略了主句的虚拟条件句中。10Csuggestion后的表语从句表建议时用虚拟语气，从句谓语应用should动词原形，should可省略。11Bbe puzzled about对感到迷惑；a puzzled look困惑的表情。12Dput up此处为过去分词作宾补；keep offdont walk on.本句意为：当你来到篱笆时你会见到那儿张贴了一个通告，写着：勿踏草地。13Cthere is no need to do/be 是固定句型，意为“没有必要”。14Chave an influence on.固定短语，意为“对有影响”。阅读理解：Every country tends to accept its own way of life as being the normal one and to praise or criticize others，as they are similar to or different from it.And unfortunately，our picture of the people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted (扭曲的) one.Here is a great argument in favor of foreign travel and learning foreign languages.It is only by traveling in a country and getting to know its inhabitants and their language that one can find out what a country and its people are really like.And how different the knowledge one gains this way frequently turns out to be from the secondhand information gathered from other sources! How often we find that the foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from ourselves are not very different at all!Differences between peoples do，of course，exist and，one hopes，will always continue to do so.The world will be a dull place indeed when all the different nationalities behave exactly alike，and some people might say that we are rapidly approaching this state of affairs.With the much greater rapidity (快速) and ease of travel，there might seem to be some truth in this at least as far as Europe is concerned.However this may be，at least the greater ease of travel today has revealed (展示) to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not：some different kind of animal from themselves.5Every country criticizes ways of life in other countries because they are_.Adistorted Bnormal Csimilar to each other Ddifferent from its own6One who travels in a foreign country and learns its language will_.Afind out why its people are different Bargue in favor of this country and the languageCknow the country and its people better Dlike its inhabitants and their language7The knowledge one gains by traveling in a foreign country is often_.Afrom secondhand information Bgathered from other sources rather than its inhabitantsCgained from the arguments about the country Ddifferent from what one had before the travel8In this passage，the author wants to say_.Adifferences between peoples will gradually disappear because of the ease of travelBdifferences between peoples do exist even though different nationalities behave exactly alikeCdifferences between peoples will continue to exist and the world will be a dull placeDdifferences between peoples will not exist as one hopes【语篇解读】本文告诉我们：人们都认为自己国家的文化是正常的，因此倾向于接受与赞美和自己的文化相似的国家，而排斥和批评与自己的文化不同的国家。随着旅行越来越方便，国家与国家之间的差异正在渐渐消失。5D根据文章第一句话可知，每个国家的人都认为自己的文化是正常的，因此他们赞美和自己国家文化相似的国家，而批评和自己国家文化不同的国家。6C由第二段第二句话可知答案。7D根据第二段第三句话的信息“这样获取的信息与从其他渠道获取的二手信息大有不同啊”可得到答案。8A根据最后一段内容(尤其最后一句话)可知，A项正确。即随着旅行越来越便利，国与国之间的差异正在逐渐消失。M5U2The United Kingdom知识点学案Important sentences in the UnitReading1 How many countries does the UK consist of?2 England can be divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are?3 You can clarify this question if you study British history. 4 Now when people refer to England, you find Wales included as well. 现在当人们说到英格兰时，你会发现威尔士也包括在其中5 Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.6 However the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.7 To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas, but they still have very different institutions. 值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系方面；但是有些制度仍然区别很大8 Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!9 Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China,they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two!10 It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.11 The third,the Vikings influenced the vocabulary and place names of North England and the fouth the Normans,left castled and introduced new words for food.12 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.Using language13 Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.14 To her surprise,Zhang Pingyu found the Queens jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the Queen Elizabeth I.15 Then as she came out of tha abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing our the hour.16 What interested her was the longitude line.It is a