教师版备战2010届高考英语复习——情态动词(学案).doc

专题十 情态动词【考纲解读】每年的高考英语的单选题(15个)中就有一、二个是对情态动词和虚拟语气的测试。试题的特征不会有显著变化，即：立意仍将不偏不怪，情景仍将逼近真实，设问角度仍将综合化和细微化。情态动词重点情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。【知识要点】情态动词3、must的基本用法5、have to 的基本用法：have to和must的意义相近，只是 must侧重表示说话人的主观看法，而have to 则表示客观需要，如：I must study hard. I had to give it up because of illness. 6、ought to的基本用法(l)表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事，语气比should强，例如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. (2)表示推测，注意与must表示推测时的区别：He must be home by now .(断定他已到家)，He ought to be home by now .(不十分肯定)，This is where the oil must be.(比较直率) ，This is where the oil ought to be. (比较含蓄) ；(3)“ought + have+ 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而 实际未做。例如：You ought to have helped him. (but you didnt) 这时，ought与 should可以互相换用。注意，在美国英语中ought to 用于否定和疑问句时to可以省略。例如：Ought you smoke so much? You oughtnt smoke so much.7、dare的基本用法11、will的基本用法(1)用于各人称，可以表示“意志”或“决心”，如：I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. (2)在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿，如：Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium? (3)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“会要”之意，如：Every morning he will have a walk along this river.12、would的基本用法(1)would作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的“意志”或“决心”，如：He promised he would never smoke again. (2)在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如：Would you like some more coffee? (3)在日常生活中，学用“I would like to”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意，以使语气婉转，如：I would like to do Ex.2 first. (4)would可以表示过去的习惯动作，比used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. / During the vacation he would visit me every week. (5)表料想或猜想，如：It would be about ten when he left 【考点诠释】考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查 情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如： 1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They_be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 3. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_be so rude to a lady . A. might B. need C. shouldD. would 分析：高考对情态动词基本含义的考查，仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义，要掌握的既准确又要全面，特别是shall, should, can, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多，不易理解，复习时应当引起重视。二、情态动词表示推测的考查 对情态动词表示推测的用法，是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。例如： 1. Sorry, Im late. I_have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again . A. might B. should C. can D. will 2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he_your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended 3.Mr Bush is on time for everything. How_it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 4.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter? It_true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be 三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查 情态动词have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。 1. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You_come, but why didnt you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have 2.I was really anxious about you. You_home without a word.(NMET2001,33)A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 3.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I_so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat 考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查1.Tom ,you didnt come to the party last night? I_, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do .(NMET2007全国卷II，20) A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt 2.Your phone number again? I_quite catch it . Its 86184867. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 【高考链接】1.（09安徽）29. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would2,（09北京）25. One of the few things you _ _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can3.(09重庆卷)32. -Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? -She in the classroom. I saw her there just now. A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 4.（NMET2008山东，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managedC. could manage D. can have managed5.(NMET2007 江苏)She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might6.(NMET2008全国II) Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling. A. will B. can C. must D. may7.(NMET2008四川) Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A. must B. may C. shall D. should8. (NMET2008重庆)I cant find my purse anywhere. You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would9. (NMET2008陕西)-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it _ be big-thats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 10(2008上海春)When I was young, I was told that I _ play with matches A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. darent11 (NMET2008上海) According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. mayB. can C. wouldD. should12(NMET2