商务英语期末复习.docVIP

商务英语期末复习Unit 21c词汇 用下面的词语填进下列句子的空格中1、 Managers have to decide how best to allocate the human, physical and capital resources （资源、财力）available to them.2、 Managers logically have to make sure that the jobs and tasks given to their subordinates are manageable.3、 There is no point in setting objectives if you dont communicate them to your staff.4、 Managers have to supervise their subordinates, and to measure, and try to improve, their performance.5、 Managers have to check whether objectives and targets are being achieved.6、 A top manager whose performance is unsatisfactory can be dismissed by the companys board of directors.7、 Top managers are responsible for the innovations that will allow a company to adapt to a changing world.1d词汇 课文里有一些常见的动词-名词搭配（入achieve objectives, deal with crises等等。把下面的动词和名词按照常用搭配连起来。1、 make decisions 做出决策2、 communicate information/decisions/objectives 向传达信息/决定/目标3、 allocate resources 分配资源，或“配置资源”4、 develop strategies/people 发展战略/培养人员5、 measure performance 测评绩效6、 motivate people 激励员工7、 perform jobs 完成工作8、 set objectives 设定目标9、 supervise subordinates监管下属Unit 31b词汇 下面是一些有关公司组织机构的基本词语。把它们和定义用直线连起来。1、autonomous 自治的 Independent, able to take decisions without consulting a higher authority2、decentralization 分散，分权Dividing an organization into decision-making units that are not centrally controlled3、function 职能A specific activity in a company, e.g. production, marketing, finance4、hierarchy 层次，层级A system of authority with different levels, one above the other5、line authority 直线职权The power to give instructions to people at the level below in the chain of command6、report to 向报告（负责）To be responsible to someone and to take instructions from him or her7、subordinates 下属People working under someone else in a hierarchyUnit 41a词汇 下列的句子说明某些关于工作的基本词汇。哪些是正确的答案？1、 To inspire, to induce, to give a reason or incentive to someone to do something. (motivate 激发)2、 A person employed by someone else, working for money. (employee 职工，雇员)3、 Relations between employers and employees, managers and workers, management and unions. (labor relations 劳资关系)4、 Having control of something as part of your job. (responsibility 责任，职责)5、 Money paid (per hour or day or week) to manual workers. (wages 工资)6、 A fixed regular payment made by employers, usually monthly, for professional or office work. （salary 薪水）7、 Advantages that come with a job, apart from wages or salary. (benefits or perks 附带福利，额外津贴)8、 To be raised to a higher rank or better job. (promotion 晋升)9、 Knowing that there is little risk of losing ones job. (job security 工作稳定)10、 Having particular abilities, acquired by training. ( skilled 熟练的)Unit 81b词汇 下面是一些与工业生产有关的基本词汇。从下面的释义中找出它们的意思。1、 any company that provides goods or services for another one (subcontractor 分包商)2、 any of the pieces or parts that make up a product, machine, etc. (component 零件)3、 buying products or processed materials from other companies rather than manufacturing them (outsourcing or contracting out 外包，任务外派)4、 the (maximum) rate of output that can be achieved from a production process (capacity 产能，容量，能力)5、 the buildings, machines，equipment and other facilities used in the production process (plant 工厂)6、 the geographical situation of a factory or other facility (location 位置，选址)7、 the stock of any item or resource used in an organization (including raw materials, parts, supplies, work in process and finished products) (inventory 存货)8、 the time needed to perform an activity (i.e. to manufacture or deliver something) (lead time 订货到收货时间间隔，预留出时间)Unit 91d词汇 找出课文中标示下列意思的词和表达法。1、 the possibility of paying for a product over an extended period (credit facilities银行对同业提供信用，信用透支，信贷组织等)2、 a promise by a manufacturer or seller to repair or replace defective goods during a certain period of time (warranty or guarantee 保修)3、 a surface in a store on which goods are displayed (shelf 货架，架子)4、 consumers who buy various competing products rather than being loyal to a particular brand (brand-switchers 转换不同牌子的人)5、 the standard pattern of sales of a produce over the period that it is marketed (life cycle 产品生命周期)6、 the extent to which an activity provides financial gain (profitability 利润率，有利可图)7、 possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which the company can produce goods or services effectively (opportunities 机会)8、 the sales of a company expressed as a percentage of total sales in a given market (market share市场份额。市场占有率)9、 the set of beliefs that the public at large holds of an organization (image 形象，肖像)10、 a small, specialized, but profitable segment of a market (niche 缝隙，利基市场)Unit101b词汇 把左边的词语和右边的定义搭配起来。1、 distribution channel (分销渠道) all the companies or individuals involved in moving a particular good or service from the producer to the consumer2、 to launch a product (投放，推出新产品) to introduce a new product onto the market3、 market opportunities (市场机会) possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which a company can profitably produce goods or services4、 market research (市场研究，市场调研) collecting. Analyzing and reporting data relevant to a specific marketing situation (such as a proposed new product)5、 market segmentation (细分市场) dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different requirements or buying habits6、 packaging(包装) wrappers and containers in which products are sold7、 points of sale (卖点) places where goods are sold to the public shops, stores, kiosks, market stalls, etc.8、 product concept (产品观念) an idea for a new product, which is tested with target consumers before the actual product is developed9、 product features (产品特点) attributes or characteristics of a product: quality, price, reliability, etc.10、 sales representative (销售代表) someone who contacts existing and potential customers, and tries to persuade them to buy goods or servicesUnit 122d词汇 在下列各组四个词中，三个具有一定的逻辑联系，有一个和其他三个没有逻辑联系。挑出这个词，并说明为什么。1、advertising（广告）；competitors（竞争者）；publicity（宣传）；sales promotion（促销活动）2、advertising agency (广告公司)；advertising campaign (广告攻势)；media plan (媒体计划)；word-of-mouth (口碑)3、advertising manager (（广告经理）；brand-switcher (转换不同牌子的人)；marketing manager(营销经理)；sales rep (销售代表)4、after-sales service(售后服务)；guarantee(保证人)；optional features(可选择的特点)；points of sale(卖点)5、brand awareness(品牌意识)；brand loyalty(品牌忠诚)；brand name(品牌)；brand preference (品牌偏爱)6、competitions(竞争者)；coupons（优惠券）；free samples(免费样品)；line-stretching (产品系列的扩充)7、credit terms(信用条件)；discount(折扣)；list price（价目单定价，目录价格）；packaging（包装）8、decline(衰退)；growth（成长）；introduction（引入）；produce improvement(产品改进)9、focus group interviews(焦点组访谈)；internal research(内部调查)；media plan（媒体计划）；questionnaire(调查问卷)10、packaging（包装）；place（地点）；product（产品）；promotion（促销）Unit 131a词汇 把左边的词语与右边的定义搭配起来。1、 bookkeeping（簿记）writing down the details of transactions (debits and credits)2、 accounting（会计学）keeping financial records, recording income and expenditure, valuing assets and liabilities, and so on3、 managerial accounting（管理会计）preparing budgets and other financial reports necessary for management4、 cost accounting（成本会计）working out the unit costs of products, including materials, labor and all other expenses5、 tax accounting（税务会计）calculating an individuals or a companys liability for tax6、 auditing（审计）inspection and evaluation of accounts by a second set of accountants7、 creative accounting（创造性会计，伪造账目）using all available of accounts by a second set of accountants2a词汇 下面是一些会计常用的术语。把这些词语和它们的定义搭配起来。1. a companys owners-shareholders or stockholders（股东）2. the revenues received by a company during a given period, minus the cost of sales, operating expenses, and taxes-earnings or income（收益）3. all the money that a company will have to pay to someone else in the future, including taxes, debts, and interest and mortgage payments-liabilities（债务，负债）4. the amount of business done by a company over a year-turnover（营业额）5. anything owned by a business (cash investments, buildings, machines, and so on) that can be used to produce goods or pay liabilities-assets（资产）6. the reduction in value of a fixed asset during the years it is in use (charged against profits)-depreciation or amortization（折旧，摊销）7. sums of money owed by customers for goods or services purchased on credit-debtors or accounts receivable（债务人）8. sums of money owed to suppliers for purchases made on credit-creditors or accounts payable（债权人）9. (the value of) raw materials, work in progress, and finished products stored ready for sale-stock or inventory（存货）10. the various expenses of operating a business that cannot be charged to any one product, process or department-overheads or overhead（企业一般管理费用）Unit 141a词汇 把下列词语与下面的定义搭配起来。1、 an arrangement by which a customer can withdraw more from a bank account than has been deposited in it, up to an agreed limit; interest on the debt is calculated daily-overdraft（透支）2、 a card which guarantees payment for goods and services purchased by the cardholder, who pays back the bank or finance company at a later date-credit card（信用卡）3、 a computerized machine that allows bank customers to withdraw money, check their balance, and so on-cash dispenser or ATM（自动提款机）4、 a fixed sum of money on which interest is paid, lent for a fixed period, and usually for a specific purpose-loan（贷款）5、 an instruction to a bank to pay fixed sums of money to certain people or organizations at stated times-standing order or direct debit（直接借记）6、 a loan, usually to buy property, which serves as a security for the loan-mortgage（抵押）7、 a plastic card issued to bank customers for use in cash dispensers -cash card（现金卡，提款卡）8、 doing banking transactions by telephone or from ones own personal computer-home banking（住家银行服务）9、 one that generally pays little or no interest, but allows the holder to withdraw his or her cash without any restrictions-current or checking account（活期存款账户。活期存折）10、 one that pays interest, but usually cannot be used for paying cheques (GB) or checks (US), and on which notice is often requited to withdraw money-deposit or time or notice account（储蓄存款）2c词汇 在2a的课文中找出表达下列意义的单词或词语。1、 to place money in a bank; or money placed in a bank-deposit（存款）2、 the money used in countries other than ones own-foreign currencies（外币）3、 how much money a loan pays, expressed as a percentage-yield（收益）4、 available cash, and how easily other assets can be turned into cash-liquidity（清偿能力）5、 the date when a loan becomes repayable-maturity（到期时间，到期日）6、 to guarantee to buy all the new shares that a company issues, if they cannot be sold to the public-underwrite（认购债券等）7、 when a company buys or acquires another one-takeover（接收，接管）8、 when a company combines with another one-merger（合并）9、 buying and selling stocks or shares for clients-stock broking（股票经纪）10、 taking care of all a clients investments-portfolio management（资产组合管理）11、 the ending or relaxing of legal restrictions-deregulation（放松管制，解除管制规定）12、 a group of companies, operating in different fields, that have joined together-conglomerate（企业集团）13、 a company considered to be without risk-blue chip（蓝筹股）14、 ability to pay liabilities when they become due-solvency（偿付能力）15、 anything that acts as a security or a guarantee for a loan-collateral（抵押品）2d词汇 在2a的课文中有一些常见的动词名词搭配（例如，to lend money, to finance international trade）。把下列动词和名词按照常见的搭配组合起来。1、 charge interest（收取利息）2、 do business（做生意）3、 exchange currencies（兑换货币）4、 issue bonds（发行债券）5、 make loans（贷款）6、 make profits（获取利润）7、 offer advice（提供建议）8、 offer loans（提供贷款）9、 pay interest（支付利息）10、 raise funds（融资）11、 receive deposits（吸收存款）12、 underwrite security issues（承销证券发行）Unit 151d词汇 在课文中找出表达下列意思的词语。1、 having a responsibility or an obligation to do something, e.g. to pay a debt-liability（债务，负债）2、 a person or organization to whom money is owed (for goods or services rendered, or as repayment of a loan)-creditor（债权人）3、 to be insolvent: unable to pay debts-bankrupt（破产）4、 everything of value owned by a business that can be used to produce goods, pay liabilities, and so on-assets（资产）5、 to sell all the possessions of a bankrupt business-to liquidate（清算）6、 money that a company will have to pay to someone else (bills, taxes, debts, interest and mortgage payments, etc.)-liabilities（债务，负债）7、 to provide money for a company or other project-to put up capital（筹集资本）8、 money invested in a possibly risky new business-venture capital（风险资本）9、 the people who begin a new company-founders（创业者，创始人）10、 the place in which a company does business: an office, shop, workshop, factory, warehouse, and so on-premises（房屋）11、 to guarantee to buy an entire new share issue, if no one else wants it-underwrite（认购债券等）12、 a proportion of the annual profits of a limited company, paid to shareholders-dividend（红利，股息）2b词汇财经记者使用许多的欧冠次和短语来描述证券价格的变动，而不是没玩没了地重复“上升”和“下降”。按照你认为句子中的动词或词语表达的意思给下列句子分类。1、 Boeing stocks rocketed after rumours of a forthcoming merger with another leading aircraft manufacturer.-to rise a lot（大涨，上升很多）2、 The Dow-Jones index crashed after continuing rumours about the Presidents health.-to fall a lot（大跌，下降很多）3、 Exxon stocks shot up after a new deal to pump Siberian natural gas was announced.-to rise a lot（大涨，上升很多）4、 The Footsie rallied in London in the afternoon, gaining 30 points in late trading.-to rise after previously falling（反弹，经过前段时间的下跌以后上升）5、 Grundig shares slipped after the news of boardroom changes.-to fall a little（小跌，下降一点）6、 In Paris, the CAC-40 plummeted, after the unions called for a three-day general strike next week.-to fall a lot（大跌，下降很多）7、 Leading shares were slightly weaker in Tokyo, the Nikkei losing six points.-to fall a little（小跌，下降一点）8、 Most shares were a little stronger in Milan this morning, when the exchange reopened after yesterdays public holiday.-to rise a little（小涨，稍微有所上升）9、 On the Frankfurt exchange, the DAX index finished slightly firmer, up 12 points.-to rise a little（小涨，稍微有所上升）10、 Philips shares jumped after the company revealed that it was negotiating a new licensing deal with Sony.-to rise a lot（大涨，上升很多）11、 Procter & Gamble stocks plunged after it was revealed that the company had lost over $100 million as a result of a derivative deal.-to fall a lot（大跌，下降很多）12、 Share prices recovered in Hong Kong today, the Hang Seng finishing up ten points.-to rise after previously falling（反弹，经过前段时间的下跌以后上升）2c词汇 把下列词语和它们的定义搭配起来。1、 a company that spreads investors capital over a variety of securities-mutual fund（共同基金）2、 an investors selection of securities-portfolio（有价证券组合，证券投资组合）3、 a person who can advise investors and buy and sell shares for them-stockbroker（股票经纪人）4、 a stock in a large company or corporation that is considered to be a secure investment-blue-chip（蓝筹股）5、 a stock-in an industry not much affected by cyclical trends-that offers a good return but only a limited chance of a rise or decline in price-defensive stock（保护性股票，防御性股票）6、 a stock-which usually has a high purchasing price and a low current rate of return-that is expected to appreciate in capital value-growth stock（成长股）7、 a wholesaler in stocks and shares who deals with brokers-market-maker（准备买卖未上市股票的经纪人，庄家，做市商）8、 financial organizations such as pension funds and insurance companies which own most of the shares of all leading companies(over 60%, and rising)-institutional investors（金融机构投资者）9、 the use of information not known to the public to make a profit out of buying or selling shares-insider share-dealing（内部股份交易）2d词汇 在下列各组四个词中，3个具有一定的逻辑联系，有1个和其他3个没有逻辑联系。挑出这个词，并说明为什么？1、 annual report（年度报告）-external auditors（外部审计员）-financial statements（财务决算，财务报表）-stockbroker（股票经纪人）2、 blue chip（蓝筹股）-defensive stock（保护性股票）-growth stock（成长股）-rights issue（增股，优先认股权，配股）3、 bonus issue（红利股）-dividend（股息，红利）-over-the-counter（场外交易）-shareholder（股东）4、 creditor（债权人）-market-maker（准备买卖未上市股票的经纪人，庄家，做市商）-shareholder（股东）-stockbroker（股票经纪人）5、 debt（债务）-equity（普通股，股本，权益）-share（股份，股票）-stock（股份，股票，存货）6、 face value（票面价值）-market value（市场价值）-nominal value（票面价值）-par value（票面价值）7、 float（准备上市）-liquidation（清偿，清算）-share issue（股票发行）-underwriter（认购债券等）8、 institutional investor（金融机构投资者）-insurance company（保险公司）-liabilities（债务，负债）-pension fund（养老金基金）9、 mutual fund（共同基金）-portfolio（证券投资组合，有价证券组合）-risk（冒险，风险）-underwriter（认购债券等）Unit 251a词汇 阅读下面关于商业周期的段落，然后把下列的单词和图表上的数字搭配起来。该图表表示自1929至1952年间美国实际的国民生产总值。1、 boom（繁荣）2、 depression（经济萧条）3、 peak（山顶，顶点）4、 recession or contraction or downturn（经济衰退，不景气，衰退，开始下降，收缩）5、 trough（谷底，低谷）6、 upturn or expansion or recovery（好转，扩展，恢复）1d词汇 从1b的课文中找出表达下列意思的词语。1、 beliefs about what will happen in the future-expectations（期望）2、 money borrowed in order to buy a house or flat (GB) or apartment (US)-mortgage（抵押）3、 money paid for the use of a house or flat owned by somebody else-rent（租金）4、 the amount of somethin