2014年高考英语单项选择汇编带详解析.doc

1（2014江苏卷 27）She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election. A. symbol B. portrait C. identity D. statue【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意为：她两年前被软禁但是在去年的选举中仍然保持很强势的象征。symbol象征，符合句意。portrait肖像；identity身份；statue形象；雕像。1 （2014湖北卷 21）Her _ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talent D. technique 【解析】选A。考查名词。句意为：她写作的动机是渴望妇女能得到接受高等教育的权力。motivation“动机；动力”，符合句意。qualification“资格”；talent“天分”；technique“技巧”。【易错误区】talent还是motivation误导原因：我们学过固定短语ones talent for某人的天分。去伪存真：能和for搭配的名词有很多，我们要根据句意具体分析使用的名词是motivation而不是talent。1（2014湖北卷 22）When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” Joans face turned red at the unexpected _.A. command B. comparisonC. compliment D. contribution 【解析】选C。考查名词。句意为：当理查德说“你现在更讨人喜欢更漂亮了”时，琼听到这突如其来的称赞脸红了。compliment“称赞；恭维”，符合句意。command“命令”；comparison“比较”；contribution“贡献”。1（2014福建卷 26）Could you tell me the_ of making such tasty cakes? Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A. feature B. plan C. cost D. trick【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意为：你能告诉我做出如此可口蛋糕的窍门吗？好的，我仅仅按照食谱中的说明去做的。trick窍门，技巧；feature特色；plan计划；cost成本。根据答语的句意可知选D。1（2014安徽卷 29） Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one? Thats a good .A. saying B. question C. suggestion D. account【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意为：如果你没有足够的钱买新的，为什么不先买一辆二手车呢？那是一个好建议。suggestion建议；saying谚语；question问题；account账目，账户，描述。2（2014湖南卷32）All we need _ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.A.areB. wasC. is D. were【解析】选C。考查主谓一致。句意为：我们所需要的就是一小块土地，能够在一年的生长季节在上面种植各种各样的水果树。句子的主干为All we need _ a small piece of land，其中we need是定语从句，all在此指的是a small piece of land，且根据语境知为现在时态，故谓语动词应用is。3（2014陕西卷19）_village where I was born has grown into _town.A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意：我出生的那个小村庄已经变成了一个小镇。where I was born是定语从句，修饰village，故用the表特指；a town一个小镇，泛指。故选A。3（2014重庆卷 6）I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village. A. the; a B. a; / C. a: the D. the; /【解析】 选A。考查冠词。句意为：我不能告诉你去威尔逊斯家的路，因为我们村里没有叫威尔逊斯的人。第一空为特指，表示“去威尔逊斯家的路”，第二空为泛指，表示“叫威尔逊斯的人”。3（2014江西卷 22）They chose Tom to be _captain of the team because they knew he was _smart leader.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 【解析】 选C。考查冠词。句意为：他们选汤姆为这个队的队长，因为他们知道他是一名精明的领导。第一空特指这个队的队长，第二空为泛指。4（2014陕西卷 21）Id appreciate_ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will.A. it B. you C. one D. this【解析】选A。考查代词。句意：如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来我会很感激的。I would appreciate it if sb. did如果某人做我会很感激的，it是形式宾语。4（2014江苏卷 34）Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none.A. something B. anythingC. everything D. nothing 【解析】选C。考查不定代词。句意为：优秀的家庭对于他们的成员来说意义重大，却不代表一切。everything一切，符合句意。4（2014福建卷 21）In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in , knives and forks.A. another B. others C. both D. all【解析】选B。考查代词用法。句意为：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，然而在其他国家用刀和叉。根据句意可知此处指除了用筷子吃饭的国家以外的国家，故用others。another指另外的一个国家；both指两者；all指三者或三者以上。4（2014安徽卷 24）You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone【解析】选C。考查代词。句意为：你可以请求任何人帮忙，这儿的每个人都乐意帮助你。根据句意可知应选everyone。4 （2014重庆卷 1）A smile costs _. but gives much. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 【解析】 选C。考查代词。句意为：微笑不会花费你多少，却给与别人很多（微笑没有成本，却极具价值）。根据but gives much可知，前面要用nothing来进行对比。4 （2014四川卷 1）Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.A. bothB. neitherC. noneD. either【解析】 选B。考查代词。句意为：她原来住在伦敦和曼彻斯特，但这两个地方她都不喜欢，所以搬到了剑桥。根据前面的London and Manchester可知是两个地方，再结合and moved to Cambridge可知，她两者都不喜欢，才导致结果搬到了剑桥。neither表示“两者都不”；而none表示“三者以上都不”。4（2014山东卷 4）Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her【解析】选C。考查代词。句意：苏珊明确向我说明，她想为自己谋得一份新生活。此处it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语为that引导的宾语从句。4（2014江西卷 32）-When shall I call , in the morning or afternoon? -_. Ill be in all day .Any B. None C. Neither D. Either 【解析】 选D。考查代词。句意为：-我是在早上打电话还是在下午打电话。-都行，我全天都在。根据句意either为两个之中任何一个或哪个都行，any意思为三个以上中的任何一个,none意思为三个或三个以上的都不,为全部否定。neither意思为两个之中任何一个都不,对两个的全部否定。5（2014陕西卷 14）The Scotish girl _ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.A. by B. of C. in D. with【解析】选D。考查介词辨析。句意：这个蓝眼睛的女孩在第五届汉语眼睛比赛中获得了一等奖。by通过，依据；of关于，属于；in在里面；with有；和。5（2014江苏卷 24）Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay _.A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion 【解析】选C。考查介词短语。句意为：汤姆早上慢跑并且也经常做俯卧撑来保持体形。in shape表示“在外形上”，符合句意。in place“在合适的位置”；in order“秩序井然”；in fashion“流行的”。5（2014湖北卷 30）Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables _ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A. in demand B. in store C. on loan D. on sale【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意为：检查储藏着的胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱和其他蔬菜，然后立即使用或者扔掉有腐烂迹象的蔬菜。in store“储藏”，符合句意。in demand“有需求”；on sale“出售”；on loan“借用”。5（2014北京卷 23）【解析】 选B。考查介词。句意为：简正匆忙赶路，因为去机场的火车半小时后要开了。句中的leaves是一般现在时表示将来，表按计划要发生的事情因此后面表达“半小时后”的意思，用介词in。5（2014福建卷 22）Our club is open to everyone _ age, sex or educational background.A. due to B. except for C. along with D. regardless of【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意为：我们的俱乐部对每一个人开放，不论年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of不管，不顾；due to由于；except for除了；along with和。5（2014重庆卷 7）She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went _ the road. A. on B. along C. from D. off【解析】 选D。考查介词。句意为：在拐弯处她开的太快，车差一点从路上冲了出去。off偏离，从离开，符合语境。5（2014江西卷 25）Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence ._, it could just put you in debt.A. In other words B. All in all C. As a result D. On the other hand【解析】 选D。考查介词短语。句意为：创业是获得经济独立的一种方法，另一方面，它也可能使你负债。On the other hand意思为另一方面，表示转折，In other words意为换句话说，All in all意为总之，As a result意为结果。5（2014江西卷 33） It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas Leads a simple life _his great wealth.A. without B. despite C. in D. to 【解析】 选B。考查介词。句意为：令人难以置信的是尽管卢卡斯很富有但是他过着简朴的生活。despite项意思为尽管，表示转折，后接名词、代词、动名词。without意思为没有。6（2014江苏卷 32）I cant meet you on Sunday, I will be _ occupied.A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwise 【解析】选D。考查副词。句意为：我周日不能和你见面，否则我会很忙。otherwise“否则，要不然”，符合句意。also“也”； just表示“正好，恰恰”；nevertheless“然而”；。6（2014湖北卷 27）What was so _ about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.A. awful B. essential C. impressiveD. obvious 【解析】选C。考查形容词。句意为：关于贾思敏韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象最深的就是她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一。impressive“给人印象深刻的”，符合句意。awful“糟糕的；可怕的”；essential“必要的”；obvious“明显的”。6（2014湖北卷 28）Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a _ smile and let him go.A. cautiousB. grateful C. tolerantD. wild 【解析】选C。考查形容词。句意为：她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑让他走了。tolerant“宽容的”，符合句意。cautious“谨慎的”；grateful“感激的”；wild“野生的”。6（2014湖北卷 29）Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _, “Dont be so mean,” pointing a finger of warning at her.A. dreadfully B. guiltily C. indirectly D. sharply 【解析】选D。考查副词。句意为：塞不丽娜刚说完，艾伯特就尖锐地说“别那么小气”，并用手指指着警告她。sharply“尖锐地”，符合句意。indirectly“间接地”；guiltily“内疚的”；dreadfully“可怕的”。6（2014福建卷 24）With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) way of reaching target customers.A. temporary B. complex C. accurate D. efficient【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：随着网上购物越来越受欢迎，因特网被看作是一种到达目标客户群的有效方式。efficient有效的，高效的；temporary临时的；complex复杂的；accurate精确的。根据句意可知选D。6（2014安徽卷 27）My good performance in the job interview left me about my future and about what I can do here.A. puzzled B. sensitive C. optimistic D. embarrassed【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：我在工作面试中的出色表现使得我对未来和在这儿能做的事情很乐观。be optimistic about对乐观。be puzzled about对迷惑不解；sensitive敏感的，常与介词to连用；embarrassed困窘的，尴尬的6（2014安徽卷 33）Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, , supply more jobs.A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意为：我们希望在市场这个地方将会起到更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。根据句意本句前后是因果关系，故用therefore因此。however然而；anywhere任何地方；otherwise否则。6（2014江西卷 23）Thanks for your directions to the house ; we wouldnt have found it _.A. nowhere B. however C. otherwise D. instead【解析】 选C。考查副词。句意为：多谢你把我们领到这所房子，否则，我们是不可能找到的。nowhere表示无处，however表示然而，instead表示代替。7（2014陕西卷 12）【解析】选B。考查短语用法。句意：今天非常热。你想去游泳吗？feel like doing sth.想干某事，故选B。7（2014陕西卷 18）【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意：拉尔夫w.爱默生总是把想起的新想法写下来。set off 出发，引爆，激起；set about着手；set up建立；set down写下，记下。根据句意选D。7（2014江苏卷 25）Top students from universities are _ by major companies.A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated 【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：高才生受到各大公司的青睐，成为争相录用的对象。chase追逐，符合句意。register注册；offer提供；compensate补偿。7（2014江苏卷 30）Dad, I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see, Ill go right away and _.A. pay him back B. pay him off C. put him away D. put him off 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：爸爸，我认为奥利弗不是这项工作的合适人选。我明白。我马上去解雇他。pay sb. off意思为(付清工资后)解雇，符合语境。put away收拾，整理。pay sb. back意思为惩罚报复某人。put off推迟。7（2014江苏卷 33）Legend has it that the origin of Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of Qu Yuan.A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recall 【解析】选D。考查动词。句意为：传说端午节的起源是为了召回屈原的灵魂。recall“召回”，符合句意。remember“记住”；remind“提醒”；recover“恢复”。7（2014湖北卷 23）Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but _ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.A. slipped B. skied C. signalled D. sank【解析】选A。考查动词。句意为：看到人群朝他过来，他开始朝山下跑去但是滑倒了，跪在正在融化的雪上。slip“跌倒”，符合句意。sky“将击向空中”；signal“向发信号”；sink“使下沉”。7（2014湖北卷 24）The old rules have to be _ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised 【解析】选D。考查动词。句意为：这些旧的规章制度必须修订因为他们只适用于一百年前制定时候的形势。revise“修订”，符合句意。develop“发展”；establish“建立”；observe“观察”。【易错误区】develop还是revise误导原因：误认为因为制度不适合当今的新形势所以要发展。去伪存真：主语是旧制度而非制度，制度可以发展改善，但旧制度只能是修订，故用revise，而非develop。7（2014湖北卷 25）Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to _.A. get through B. get off C. get in D. get along 【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意为：我整晚都在给查理打电话，但一定是网络出了问题，好像就是接不通。get through“接通”，符合句意。get off“下车”；get in“收割；到达”；get along“相处；进展”。7（2014湖北卷 26）Is this your necklace, Mary? I _ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.A. came across B. dealt with C. looked after D. went for 【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意为：玛丽，这是你的项链吗？今早上我打扫厕所时发现的。come across“偶遇，偶然发现”，符合句意。deal with“处理；应对”；look after“照顾；照看”；go for“对适用”。7（2014福建卷 25）It is widely acknowledged that students should be in terms of overall quality.A. supported B. matched C. evaluated D. controlled【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：人们广泛认为学生应该就整体素质而言被评价。evaluate评价，评估；support支持；match相匹配；control控制。根据句意可知选C。7（2014福建卷 33）As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.A. catch sight of B. get hold of C. take charge of D. make mention of【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读一切能够得到的关于音乐的东西，并且抓住每一个机会提升自己。get hold of抓住，得到；catch sight of看见；take charge of掌管，负责；make mention of提到。根据句意可知选B。7（2014安徽卷 26）Terry, please your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.A. look up from B. look into C. look back on D. look through【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：Terry,当奶奶给你讲话的时候请不要看你的手机。look up from远离，不看；look into调查；look back on回顾；look through看穿。7（2014安徽卷 28）When the sports hero at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.A. turned up B. left off C. moved on D. got away【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当运动英雄出现在晚会上的时候，他受到热烈欢迎。turn up出现，将音量调高；leave off停止，戒掉，戒除；move on继续向前行；get away离开。7（2014安徽卷 34）Shakespeares writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：莎士比亚的写作今天依旧I受欢迎，它真的已经经受了时间的检验。stand忍受，经受；fail失败，不及格；take带走；conduct指导，指挥，带领。7（2014江西卷 27）Anyway , were here now ,so lets _some serious work.A. come up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to 【解析】 选B。考查动词短语。句意为：不管怎样，我们来了，那就让我们着手干些要紧活吧。get down to 意思为着手，to为介词，come up with 意思为提出，do away with意思为废除、摆脱， live up to 意思为不辜负。7（2014江西卷 29）I dont believe what you said , but if you can prove it , you may be able to _me .A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse【解析】 选A。考查动词。句意为：我不相信你所说的，但是如果你能证明它，你或许能够使我相信。convince意思为使相信，inform意思为告知、通知，guarantee意思为保证，refuse意思为拒绝。8（2014陕西卷 25）25. My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who _have taken it?A. need B. must C. should D. could【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意：我的书哈地斯之屋不见了，谁有可能拿走了呢？need需要；must必须，表猜测时译为“一定”；should应该，按道理推测；could能够，用于否定或者疑问句中表示猜测，译为“有可能”。故选D。8（2014江苏卷 31）It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food.A. might B. would C. should D. could 【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意为：让我觉得难为情的是他们本身就很穷，竟然还给我带来食物。should表示竟然，符合本语境。might表示“可能，大概”；would表示意愿或者过去常常；could“能够”。8（2014北京卷 27）【解析】 选A。考查情态动词。句意为：我能和你说句话吗？不会花费太长时间。由句意可知此句表达“征求对方同意”的意思，只有A项符合要求。【易错误区】shall用于第一三人称疑问句，征求对方的意见，比如：Shall I bring the book for you?你想让我把书给你带来吗？注意和Can I?（我可以？）的区分。8（2014重庆卷 3）Ive ordered some pizza, so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired. A. cant B. dare not C. neednt D. may not【解析】 选C。考查情态动词。句意为：我已经买了一些比萨饼，所以我们到家时就不必担心做饭的事了。根据Ive ordered some pizza可知，做饭就没有必要了。8（2014四川卷 6）I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A. mightB. mustC. wouldD. should【解析】 选C。考查情态动词。句意为：我仍然记得我的快乐童年，那时母亲在周末常常带我去迪斯尼乐园。根据at weekends可知是过去经常性的行为，would表示“过去常常”。8（2014湖南卷25） Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean we_ bring anything with us?A. cant B. mustntC. shant D. neednt【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意为：我已为野餐准备了各种食物。你的意思是说我们不用带任何食物了吗？neednt不必，不需要，符合语境。8（2014江西卷 30）Life is unpredictable ; even the poorest _become the richest .A. shall B. must C. need D. might【解析】 选D。考查情态动词。句意为：生活是不可预知的，即使是最贫穷的人也有可能变成最富有的人。D项意思为或许、可能表示推测，不确定。shall意思为应该，应当，must意思为必须，一定，need意思为需要。9（2014陕西卷 23）【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿女儿跟我们呆在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是个孩子了。would rather后跟句子要用虚拟语气，如果是与现在或者将来的事实相反，用would rather sb. did；如果与过去的事实相反，用would rather sb. had done。根据句意可推知是将来的情况，故用C。【易错误区】would do还是did（1）误导原因：would rather后跟句子时，如果是将来的情况，谓语动词不用would do，而用一般过去式did。（2）去伪存真：根据句意判断是将来的情况，套用时态一般过去时did.9（2014北京卷 34）【解析】 选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果你没有丢掉地图我们现在已经回到旅馆了。由句意可知地图丢了，我们现在也没有在旅馆，因此前半句是和现在事实相反的虚拟语气，用would+动词原形。9（2014福建卷 32） no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A. Were there B. Had there been C. If there are D. If there have been【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意为：要是没有现代化的电信，我们不得不等好几个星期才能得到世界各地的消息。本句是省略if，将were提前的虚拟语气句，补充完整是：If there were no modern telecommunications, we shou have to wait.，根据句意可知所述情况是与现在事实相反的，故用一般过去时，系动词为were。9（2014重庆卷 13）It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _ it? A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing【解析】 选A。考查虚拟语气。句意为：是约翰打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好象是我干的一样。根据It was John who broke the window 可知，打破窗户已发生。as if从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。9（2014湖南卷22）If Mr. Dewey _ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A. wereB. had beenC. should beD. was【解析】选B。考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果Dewey先生在场，他会给那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。根据语境及主句中的谓语动词would have offered知，题干所述为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故if从句中的谓语动词应用had been。10（2014陕西卷 22）【解析】选B。考查时态。句意：在呆在西安期间，杰瑞几乎吃遍了所有朋友推荐的当地小吃。recommend推荐发生在tried之前，故用过去完成时。10（2014江苏卷 23） How much do you know about the Youth Olympic to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media _it in a variety of forms.A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered 【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意为：对于南京即将举办的青年奥运会你了解多少？哦，媒体已经以各种形式对它进行报道了。强调媒体报道对我了解这件事产生的影响，故选择现在完成时。10（2014北京卷 22）【解析】 选C。考查动词时态。句意为：-嗨，我们去滑冰吧。-抱歉，我现在很忙。我正在填一份新工作申请表。此句表示说话时正在发生的动作，用现在进行时。10（2014北京卷 31）【解析】 选C。考查动词时态。句意为：-几点了？-我不知道。等等，我给你看下。看表的动作还没有发生，因此选择将来时态。10（2014北京卷 32）【解析】 选D。考查动词时态。句意为：我发项讲座很难听懂，因为我到的时候讲座已经开始了。开始的动作发生在到达之前，是发生在过去的过去，因此选择过去完成时。10（2014福建卷 23）Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. ZXXKA. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying【解析】选A。考查时态。句意为：很多年没见到你了，你去了哪里？我作为志愿者去了宁夏教学并且在那里呆了一年。去宁夏教学和呆在那里是并列结构，并且动作都是发生在过去，故用过去时，选A。10（2014安徽卷 23）The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished【解析】选D。考查时态。句意为：已经完成作业得双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。允许这个动作发生在过去，完成作业这个动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，选D。10（2014安徽卷 30）People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrown B. will be throwing C. were throwing D. would have thrown【解析】选D。考查时态。句意为：人们正在循环一些过去将已经扔掉的东西。由in the past可知动作发生在过去，根据句意可知这些东西将已经扔掉了，故选D。10（2014重庆卷 4）Youd better write down her phone number before you _ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will f