在SPSS里实现被试间设计简单效应分析的方法.docVIP

被试内、被试间、混合实验设计简单效应分析作者: Highway 发布时间: 2008-7-7 简单效应(simple effect)分析 简单效应(simple effect)分析通常是在作方差分析时存在交互效应的情况下的进一步分析。你需要在SPSS中编写syntax实现。一、完全随机因素实验中简单效应得分析程序假如一个两因素随机实验中，A因素有两个水平、B因素有三个水平，因变量是Y，检验B因素在A因素的两个水平上的简单效应分析。TWO-FACTOR RANDOMIZED EXPERIMENTaaaSIMPLE EFFECTS.DATA LIST FREE /A B Y.BEGIN DATA1 3 4 1 1 21 1 32 2 52 1 61 2 82 1 91 2 82 3 102 3 112 3 92 3 8END DATA.MANOVA y BY A(1,2) B(1,3) /DESIGN /DESIGN=A WITHIN B(1) A WITHIN B(2) A WITHIN B(3).若A与B存在交互作用而进行的进一步分析（即简单效应分析）。同时你可以再加一个design: /DESIGN=B WITHIN A(1) B WITHIN A(2). 自编数据试试 y A B 4.00 1.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 5.00 2.00 2.00 6.00 2.00 1.00 8.00 1.00 2.00 9.00 2.00 1.00 8.00 1.00 2.00 10.00 2.00 3.00 11.00 2.00 3.00 9.00 2.00 3.00 8.00 1.00 2.00当然，你可也直接贴下述语句至syntax编辑框：应会输出下述结果：The default error term in MANOVA has been changed from WITHIN CELLS toWITHIN+RESIDUAL. Note that these are the same for all full factorialdesigns.* * * * * * A n a l y s i s o f V a r i a n c e * * * * * * 12 cases accepted. 0 cases rejected because of out-of-range factor values. 0 cases rejected because of missing data. 6 non-empty cells. 3 designs will be processed. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * * * * * * A n a l y s i s o f V a r i a n c e - design 1 * * * * * * Tests of Significance for Y using UNIQUE sums of squaresSource of Variation SS DF MS F Sig of F WITHIN CELLS 10.00 6 1.67X1 15.00 1 15.00 9.00 .024X2 6.46 2 3.23 1.94 .224X1 BY X2 33.00 2 16.50 9.90 .013 (Model) 80.92 5 16.18 9.71 .008(Total) 90.92 11 8.27R-Squared = .890Adjusted R-Squared = .798 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * * * * * * A n a l y s i s o f V a r i a n c e - design 2 * * * * * * Tests of Significance for Y using UNIQUE sums of squaresSource of Variation SS DF MS F Sig of F WITHIN+RESIDUAL 16.46 8 2.06X1 WITHIN X2(1) 25.00 1 25.00 12.15 .008X1 WITHIN X2(2) 8.15 1 8.15 3.96 .082X1 WITHIN X2(3) 43.74 1 43.74 21.26 .002 (Model) 74.46 3 24.82 12.06 .002(Total) 90.92 11 8.27 R-Squared = .819Adjusted R-Squared = .751- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -* * * * * * A n a l y s i s o f V a r i a n c e - design 3 * * * * * *Tests of Significance for Y using UNIQUE sums of squaresSource of Variation SS DF MS F Sig of FWITHIN+RESIDUAL 25.00 7 3.57X2 WITHIN X1(1) 30.30 2 15.15 4.24 .062X2 WITHIN X1(2) 35.58 2 17.79 4.98 .045(Model) 65.92 4 16.48 4.61 .039(Total) 90.92 11 8.27 R-Squared = .725Adjusted R-Squared = .568另外，三因素完全随机实验中的简单效应和简单简单效应的分析。当实验设计中的因素多于两个时，做简单效应检验的前提仍然是，方差分析中发现了显著的两次交互作用。而当三因素完全随机实验中发现了显著的三次交互作用时，可以进一步作简单简单效应检验。也是DESIGN。/DESIGN=A WITHIN B（1） WITHIN C（1） A WITHIN B（2） WITHIN C（2）.例如：THREE-FACTOR RANDOMIZED EXPERIMENTSIMPLE EFFECTS.SIMPLE SIMPLE EFFECTS.DATA LIST FREE /A B C Y.BEGIN DATA1 3 1 4 1 1 1 21 1 1 32 2 1 52 1 1 61 2 2 82 1 2 91 2 2 82 3 2 102 3 2 112 3 2 92 3 2 8END DATA.MANOVA y BY A(1,2) B(1,3) C(1,2). /DESIGN /DESIGN=A WITHIN B(1) A WITHIN B(2) A WITHIN B(3) A WITHIN C(1) A WITHIN C(2)/DESIGN=A WITHIN B(1) WITHIN C(1) A WITHIN B(2) WITHIN C(2).二、被试内因素实验的简单效应分析程序与完全随机实验的不同之处：需要加一个WITHIN关键词说明的WSDESIGN分命令。假如一个两因素被试内实验中，A因素有两个水平、B因素有三个水平，因变量是Y，检验B因素在A因素的两个水平上的简单效应分析。TWO-FACTOR REPEATED MEASURED EXPERIMENT ANOVASIMPLE EFFECTS.DATA LIST FREE /A1B1 A1B2 A1B3 A2B1 A2B2 A2B3.BEGIN DATA3 4 5 4 8 126 6 7 5 9 134 4 5 3 8 123 2 2 3 7 11END DATA.MANOVA A1B1 A1B2 A1B3 A2B1 A2B2 A2B3 /WSFACTORS=A(2)B(3) /WSDESIGN=A WITHIN B(1) A WITHIN B(2) A WITHIN B(3). 三、混合因素实验的简单效应分析一个两因素混合实验中，简单效应检验中既包括被试内因素，有包括被试间因素，这是需要用关键词MWITHIN代替WITHIN去做简单效应检验。例如，一个两因素混合实验中，A因素是被试间因素，B因素是被试内因素，当要求A因素在B1水平上的简单效应检验时，程序有两处说明：1.被试间因素A应写在DESIGN分命令中。/DESIGN=A2.B1水平应写在WSDESIGN分命令中，跟在MWITHIN之后。/WSDESIGN=MWIRHIN B(1)两个命令和起来：/DESIGN=A/WSDESIGN=MWITHIN B(1)这样可以检验到“混合”简单效应。当要求B因素在A1水平上的简单效应检验时，/WSDESIGN=B/DESIGN=MWITHIN A(1) 一个两因素混合实验中，A因素是被试间因素，有两个水平，B因素是被试内因素，有三个水平，要求做B因素在A的两个水平上的简单效应检验，程序如下：TWO-FACTOR MIXED EXPERIMENT ANOVASIMPLE EFFECTS.SIMPLE SIMPLE EFFECTS.DATA LIST FREE /A B1 B2 B3.BEGIN DATA1 3 3 4 1 1 3 21 6 1 32 5 1 52 4 4 61 2 9 82 1 7 91 4 6 82 3 2 102 3 3 112 9 5 92 3 2 8END DATA.MANOVA B1 B2 B3 BY A(1,2)./WSFACTORS=B(3)/WSDESIGN/DESIGN/WSDESIGN=B/DESIGN=MWITHIN A(1) MWITHIN A(2).要求做另一个方向的简单效应检验，做A因素在B的三个水平的简单效应检验时，MWITHIN关键词应被移动到WSDESIGN分命令。程序如下：TWO-FACTOR MIXED EXPERIMENT ANOVASIMPLE EFFECTS.SIMPLE SIMPLE EFFECTS.DATA LIST FREE /A B1 B2 B3.BEGIN DATA1 3 3 4 1 1 3 21 6 1 32 5 1 52 4 4 61 2 9 82 1 7 91 4 6 82 3 2 102 3 3 112 9 5 92 3 2 8END DATA.MANOVA B1 B2 B3 BY A(1,2)./WSFACTORS=B(3)/WSDESIGN/DESIGN/WSDESIGN=MWITHINB(1) MWITHINB(2) MWITHIN B(3)/DESIGN= A. 总结：被试内：WSDESIGN WITHIN被试间：DESIGN WITHIN混合：MWITHIN三因素混合MANOVA F1S1 F1S2 F2S1 F2S2 BY A(1,3)/WSFACTORS = F(2)S(2)/WSDESIGN