比较级、最高级教案.doc

乐学教育-您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校 乐学教育个性化辅导授课案ggggggggggggangganggang纲 教师： 学生： 时间: 201 年 10 月 2 日 段一、 授课目的与考点分析：二、 授课内容形容词和副词的比较级和最高级绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 一、形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad原级的构成和用法 l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形 2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“ as 十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“ not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数十 as十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构 例如： This building looks not so (as) high as that one MsSun speaks English as fluently as you This room is three times as large as that one.二、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little，a lot修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下(1) 符合规则的：情 况加 法例 词一 般 情 况直接加 -er ; -estall-taller-tallest以e结尾的词加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er ; -estheavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加 more ; mostMore delicious most delicious(2)不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：原 级比较级最高级good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest三、比较级的用法:(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1表达“A和B一样”，用asas的结构。公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+Be.g I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。2表达“A不如B”用not asas的结构。公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as+Be.g I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。He doesnt run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。或用“ less十原级十 than”的结构表示例如：This room is less beautiful than that one3表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+BA+实义动词+副词比较级+than+Be.g I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法1比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更”，“得”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。e.g He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。e.g I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 It is getting warmer and warmer天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster他跑得越来越快。0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful我们祖国越来越美了。4“the more， the more”表示“越，就越”，The more，the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。5“the moreof the two”表示“两个当中较。的一个” The taller of the two boys is my brother.（三）表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：A) A is three(four，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete) of B例如；The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old one这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍高三倍)B) A is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc) as B 例如： Asia is four times as lareg as Europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)C) A is three(four，etc) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc) than B例如：Your school is three times bigger than ours，你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大)用 times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数表示两倍可以用 twice或 double四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级1表达“是中最的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。公式：主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句主语+实义动词+（the） +形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句e.g He is the tallest (student) in our class. He jumps the highest of the three boys. This is the best book that I have ever read.2表示“最的中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。e.g He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。注意：(一) 形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题： (一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。 e.g He is more careful than I (me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较 e.g Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.用表格总结如下：形容词和副词比较级的用法级别比较程度表达方式和意义例 句备 注原级同等程度肯定形式As+原级+as(像一样)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can.否定形式not + so (as) +原级+as(不如那样)English is not so difficult as science.She does not study so well as I do. 比较级不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than(比)Jim is older than Luky.I like pork better than beef.比较级前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级（越来越）The + 比较级，the + 比较级（越, 越）He studies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand.最高级最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高级+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副词最高级前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。练习：（）1 I think science is _ than JapaneseA much important B important C much more important D more much important （） 2 This pencil is_ than that oneA longest B long C longer D as long（ ） 3 These children are _ this year than they were last year A more tall B more taller C very taller D much taller（） 4 It was very hot yesterday， but it is_ today A even hotter B more hotter C much more hot D much hot（ ）5 Our classroom is_ larger than theirs A more B quite C very D much（） 6 Maths is more popular than_ A any other subject B all the subjects C any subject D other subject（） 7 China is larger than _ in AfricaA any other country B other countries C the other country D any country（） 8 Tom is stronger than _ in his classA any other boy B any boys C any boy D other boy（） 9 When spring comes， it gets_A warm and warm B colder and colder C warmer and warmer D shorter and shorter（ ） 10 By and by， _ students in our class came to like EnglishA more and more B much and much C many and many D less and least（ ） 11 At last he began to cry _A hard and hard B more hard and more hard C harder and harder D less hard and less harder（ ） 12 When spring comes the days get _ and nights _A short； long B long； short C longer； shorter D shorter； longer（ ）13_ I look at the picture， _ I like itA The best； the more B The more； the less C The more； less D More； the more（ ）14_ he read the book， _ he got in itA The more； the more interesting B The less； the more interestingC The more； the more interested D More； more interested（） 15 Which do you like _， tea or coffee？ A well B better C best D most（） 16 Which do you think tastes _， the chicken or the fish？ Agood Bbetter Cbest Dwell（） 17 Who jumped_of all？ A far B farther C farthest D the most far（） 18、Li Lei is_ student in our classA.tall B taller C tallest D the tallest（） 19 The fifth orange is_ of all Give it to that small child A big B bigger C the bigger D the biggest（）20 Who isof you three？ A the oldest B much older C oldest D older（）21 Tom is one of _ boys in our class Atallest B taller C the tallest B the tall（ ）22 The tree is _ in the garden Athe taller Bthe tallest Ctaller than l D tall（ ）23 Which is_， Li Lei or Wu Tong？ Astrong Bstrongest C stronger D the strongest（ ）24 Which language is_， English， French or Japanese？ A easy B the most easy C the easiest o D much more easy（ ）25 Which is_interesting， science， maths or English？ A more B the most C very D Too（ ）26 Which city is_， Beijing， Shanghai or Fuzhou？ A beautiful B more beautiful C much more beautiful D the most beautiful（ ）27 Which month is_， June， July or August？ A hot B hotter C hottest D the hottest（） 28 I am twelve； Mike is fourteen； Mary is thirteen So Mike is the _ of the three A old B older C oldest D the oldest（） 29 My _ brother is three years _ than I A elder； elder B older； oldest C elder； older D older； elder（） 30 His _ son often go to see him on Sunday A eldest B older C the eldest D the older（） 31、He is two years _ than IA elder B smaller C younger D Less（ ） 32、-Tina.Mother says we can have a pet! How about a dog? -I prefer a cat. It is to take care of. A.e