形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级讲解及配题.doc

形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：表示A与B在某方面相同：（基础考点）句型：1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B 2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B A与B在某方面不同注意：not as / so as = less than 不及；不如eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one. 2)You dont eat so much as I 3)This book isnt as interesting as that one = This book is _ _ _ that one2.比较级：两者进行比较（常与than连用）,比较的双方形式上要一致。（基础考点）1) I have more apples than you (主格)(have).2)My apples are more than yours.=My apples are more than your apples.3)Which is more interesting, this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣，这本还是那本？3.最高级：三者（或三者以上）进行比较（常与表范围的in , of短语连用，of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词）（基础考点）eg. 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 2)He runs fastest in our class. 3)He is the tallest of the three boys. 4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?4.形、副比较等级的其他用法 1) “比较级and 比较级” 表示 “越来越”eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒(但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副)eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮2）比较级+the的特例：“the比较级，the比较级” “越，越”eg. the more, the better 多多益善 _ you are, _ you will get. 你越懒，收获越少。“the(表特指)+比较级+of +二者” 翻译为：“二者中较的一个”eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins. 2) Of the two books this one is thicker .3) 最高级前不加the的特例：副词最高级前不加the:He studies hardest in his class.用形容词性物主代词/名词所有格替换the:He is my/Jacks best friend.4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”eg. Hes a head taller than me. My brother is two years(数量词要置前) older than me5) one of the+最高级/序数词 +n.（复数）+V三单 .之一:He is one of the greatest writers in China.6)表示“是几倍”时用“one time;twice; three times等 + asas”eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。 2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。 3)This box is as three times as big as that one.=This box is twice bigger than that one. 这个箱子比那个大3倍。=这个箱子比那个箱子大多2倍。 once(一次) twice（两次） three times（三次） one time（一倍） twice(两倍) three times（三倍）7)区别older / elder与farther / furtherHe is my elder(只能做定语，adj.) brother.He is older than me.(只能做表语，不能做定语)elder相对于older更强调亲戚关系eg. My _ brother is _ than me. farther (指距离“较远的”) further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)eg.1)He went abroad for _ studies. 2)Beijing is _ from our school than Shanghai. 形容词、副词注意事项1.比较级前用a little ;a bit;a little bit; much ;a lot ; even来加强语气，表示“一点儿；得多 ； 更”（基础考点）eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多 3)even heavier更重但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。2.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物），注意常用的代词有：that; those; one; ones3.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( )(all her sisters已排除了Mary)改：Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.4.表示“第二、第三”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, ”（但“第一”不能用first）eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错：_5. 用五种方式翻译：“他是班上最高的男孩”He is the tallest boy in the class.He is taller than any other boy（单数） in the class.（用比较级表示最高级）He is taller than all the other boys（复数）.（用比较级表示最高级）(There is)no boy taller than him.（用比较级表示最高级）(There is)no boy as tall as he.（用原级表示最高级）He isnt as tall as I=He is shorter than me.6.同义转换：（基础考点） I prefer football to basketball.=I like football better than basketball. I like cat best.=My favourite animal is cat. 对应分类：cat-animal apple-fruit English-subject likebest/enjoymost（固定搭配）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的变化规则（基础考点）A、规则变化1.“辅 + y”结尾，变y为i加er , est(但“形 + ly ”构成的副词除外)2.双写加er , est3.直接加 er , est / r, st4.在多音词前加more , most (以“形 + ly ”构成的副词也在前加more , most)B、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastoldolder/elderoldest/eldestfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthest真题汇总1. Jim is _ in our class(tall)（2006大联盟）解析：the tallest，由in our class该范围判断为最高级，且形容词最高级前要加the2.My story is _than yours(2007大联盟) Amuch interesting Binterestinger Cmuch more interesting Dbetter interesting解析：C ，由than判断为比较级，interesting为多音节词，故用more来修饰，且much可用来修饰比较级3.Well have the meeting at half past eight. Will you please come here a little _ (early)?（2007大联盟）解析：earlier，你能否来这早一点儿？由 a little判断其修饰比较级4.Which is the _ (popular) food in China?解析：most popular，由in China该范围判断为最高级，popular为多音节词，故用most修饰，且题目中已经有the5.My new house is_closer to the school now.（2009大联盟）A.much B.many C.little解析：A,三个选项中只有much可以修饰比较级6.I jump higher than my brother.（同义句转换）（2009大联盟）My brother _ _ than me. 解析：jumps lower，我比我兄弟跳的高=我兄弟比我跳的低，high-low7. Icanspend20_(many)minutesinbednow .（2010大联盟）解析：more,我现在可以再在床上待20分钟,帮助学生设想该句语境8. The white shirt is as as the yellow one.（2011大联盟）A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest解析：A,as.as为原级的句型结构9. Phoebe likes cheese cake best. （就划线部分提问）（2007省实） _ _ Phoebes _ food?解析：What is favourite,likebest=enjoymost=favourite+种类10. Of all the girls, Mary spent_time and made_mistakes.（2009省实）A. much, many B. the least, the fewest C. more, most D. the fewest, the least解析：B,由of all the girls该范围判断为最高级，little+不可数名词，few+可数名词，little-less-least,few-fewer-fewest,time译为“时间”不可数，mistake译为“错误”可数11.Who is_,Mr Read or Mr King? A.more careful B.careful more C.carefuler D.most careful解析：A,由Mr Read or Mr King判断为比较级，且more要放在adj.的前面12. Osaka is the largest city in Japan. (two)（2011小联盟）解析：second, 表示“第二、第三”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, ”（但“第一”不能用first）13.My classroom is two metres_than yours.(2008中大附中)A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest解析：B,由than判断为比较级14.You need to exercise more,watch_TV,and eat_food.（2008中大附中）A.little,healthy B.less,healthier C.less,healthyer D.little,healthier解析:B,由exercise more判断为比较级，表示与之前相对比，且y结尾的形容词的比较级需变y为ier15.他们吃的鸡肉比我们多They eat_ _than us.（2008中大附中）解析：more chicken,由“比我们多”判断为比较级，且chicken译为“鸡肉”时，不可数16.He came to the party a little_than you.A.late B.latest C.latter D.later解析：D,由than判断为比较级，且a little修饰比较级，late直接+r，无需双写17.我们的作业比你们的少。We have_ _than you.解析：more homework,由than判断为比较级，many,much-more-most,homework不可数 总结：多数题目为考查原级，比较级，最高级的选择的依据，变化规则，修饰比较级的词，比较级、最高级的同义转换等 原级、比较级、最高级练习模拟题一、选择填空1. Which does Jimmy like _ , Chinese or Art? A. well B. best C. better D. much2. The Changjiang River is one of _ in the world.A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers3. _ of the two women is Mrs Brown. A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful C. More beautiful D. The most beautiful4. My mooncake is nicer _ his. A. like B. with C. for D. than5. You are fatter than _ . A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall6. He jumps _ of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest7. My hair is longer than _ . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brothers D. Lucys8. There are _ paper here .Please bring some. A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little9. The pen is _ than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper10.Tom speaks Chinese _ better than Jimmy. A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much11.There are _ girls in Class Two than in Class Four. A. more B. nicest C. most D. best12.Its too _ for you to do that. A. easy B. more dangerous C. harder D. the easiest13.Who has _ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?A. much B. biggest C. better D. the most14.You have more rulers than me. But _ are nicer than _ .A. mine, yours B. mine, your C. my, yours D. my, your15.Tingting is _ than Meimei, but Meimei is _ than Tingting.A. all, stronger B. taller, strongest C. tallest, strong D. taller, stronger16.Mother is _ in my family.A. busy B. busier C. the busiest D. more busy17.There are _ in the park on Sunday. A. more children B. a lot of people C. much men and women D. many peoples18.This blue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a _ one?A. small B. smaller C. the smallest D. smallest19.No one is _ Mary in the class. A. so tallest as B. as taller as C. so high as D. so tall as20. This bike is _ than that one. A. twenty yuan dear B. twenty yuan dearer C. dear twenty yuan D. dearer twenty yuan参考答案CCDDA CDBCD AADAD CBBDB二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Your classroom is _ (wide) and _ (bright)