定语从句(关系代词).doc

定语从句（1）一、1.什么是定语？ This is a red apple. He is a handsome tall man. This is the factory near our school. This is a basket full of fruits. 所以定语是_ 一般_在前 _在后.2.什么是从句？ I said that I would go there the next dayDo you know where the bus station is? 那么从句必须有_ + _ 3.这就是那个妇女_. 那个妇女昨天帮了我。_. 这就是昨天帮我的那个妇女。_.1、 定语从句的定义： 在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词的陈述句叫做定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 结构：先行词+ 关系词+ 定语从句 The man who is sitting there is a doctor. 先行词 关系词 关系词作用： 1、连接先行词和定语从句； 2、意义与先行词一致，即代替先行词在从句中充当句子成分。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。e.g. Toms father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）怎样判断是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句？ 答：非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词中间有逗号。 引导定语从句的关系词关系代词先行词从句成分例句who人主语宾语1. The man who I met today told me to come back.2. The reporter who is talking to the worker is famouswhom 人宾语The girl whom I met looks like Lily.that人；物主语宾语1. She is the person that I want to see.2. The boy that has just left here is my brother.which 物主语宾语1. This is a book which was written by Hemingway.2. The pen which you lent me is lost.whose 人；物定语The room whose window is red is mine.This is the scientist whose name is John Nash. 怎样判断用什么关系词？1. 看先行词是人还是物；2. 看关系词（也就是先行词）在定语从句中做什么句子成分。 特殊情况一、只用that的情况1. 先行词为all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等不定代词时： This is the one that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那个。2. 先行词被形容词最高级或only, any, few, little, no, all, one of 等修饰时： It is the most important thing that we should finish soon.3. 先行词为数词或被序数词（含last）修饰时： Look at the flowers. You can see the two that you gave me.4. 先行词既有人又有物时： I will never forget the people and places I visited this summer.5. 先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中作表语。 It is a book that will help you a lot.2、 不用that的情况1. 关系代词前有介词时 This is the room in which he lived.2. 非限制性定语从句中 He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.3. 先行词本身是that The clock is that which tells the time.将下列两个简单句合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句。I will never forget the day. I spent the day with your family.I live in Beijing. Beijing is the capital of China.The boy bought a bike. The bike was stolen from his neighbour.Here is the pen. You lost the pen the day before yesterday.A clock is a machine. The machine tells us time.The book is on the table. The book is mine.The boy is good at english. His father is a teacher.The film is very interesting. They are talking about the film.You English teacher is a lady. She comes from Beijing.This is the museum. We visited the museum yesterday.I have a friend. He likes listening to pop music.Yesterday Lily was wearing the new clothes. I gave