没有被动语态的动词.doc

没有被动语态的动词作者：佚名 文章来源：本站原创 及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的动词短语一般有自己的被动语态。1.The truth must be found out . (动词+副词)2.The slow students shouldnt be looked down upon. (动词+副词+介词)上面句子中的动词或动词短语一般有自己的宾语，都可以象这样改为被动语态，但是要注意下列情况。一、系动词和不及物动词没有被动语态。She seemed tired after she worked a whole day.常见的系动词look（看起来），sound (听起来)，taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），feel（感到），go（变得），grow (变得)等。二、一些不能接宾语的动词短语当然也有被动语态。1The war broke out in 1937.2The story took place in a small mountain village.三、甚至有些及物动词和可以接宾语的动词短语要看他们作什么意思讲，有时也只能有主动语态而不宜于用被动语态。1We have six classes every day. (上课)2The hall can hold more than 500 people. (容纳)3The project lasted 14 years and cost I billion US dollars. (延续)4No dish suits all tastes. (适合)类似的还有fit ,catch ,get ,take ,own ,meet等。四、而有些动词和短语兼有及物和不及物两种用法，所以前者有被动语态，而后者没有。He serves in the Navy Department. (服役，不及物)Hamburger is served in this restaurant. (供应，及物)The plane toke off at eight last night. (起飞，不及物)类似的还有look into（作往里看，不及物；作调查、研究，及物）look up (作好转，不及物；作查阅，及物)等。五、而如果及物动词后的宾语是反身代词，相互代词；或者宾语前面有和主语同一人物的物主代词；或者是同源宾语的动词，也常常不能转换为被动语态。例如：The thief hid himself behind the door . (宾语为反身代词)We should learn from each other. (宾语为相连代词)六、带宾语从句的句子常常没有被动语态Marx found that his English was too limited.I dont know where he lives.但是，如果主句的谓语动词是believe ,say ,know ,report等，且宾语从句是由thatorwhether引起的，则常可以用It is believed (say ,know ,report) that (whether)的句型。七、有些及物动词有其习惯性用法，常用主动代替被动：It is a pretty material ,but it doesnt wash.比较：My shirt is usually washed by myself.2.The new Ford is selling badly.比较：All newspapers have been sold out.类似的还有clean ,lock ,write ,play ,start ,cut等。八、最后要说的是另一种情况：英语中有不少动词及动词短语常用被动形式来表示主动的含义。Be seated, please!We must be prepared for the worst.类似的还有be determined to ,be absorbed in , be gone , be married to , be hidden , be interested inandadvanced mathematics ,experienced school , learned man等中这些定语用的过去分词也是用过去分词表主动。示例考题1In some parts of the world , tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. Is servedC. ServesD. served解析这一试题涉及到我们上面提到的“第四点”，分析题干，我们知道原句的意思是“世界上有些地方，茶是随奶和糖一起供应的。”这里serve作“供应”讲，是及物动词，应选表被动的B。选项A，C，D，的serve是不及物动词的用法，意为“服役”，不通。考题2A new hamburger restaurant _ on Wang Fujing Street in 1992.A. was openedB. Was openC. OpenedD. opens解析选项A是被动语态，而open作及物动词是“打开”的意思，错；B项的open是形容词“开着的”，也错了；C项的open是不及物动词，作“开张、开业”讲，正确；D项时态错了。训练指出下列各句中的错误，并改正。1.The fish is tasted good.2.What he said was sounded reasonable.3.As soon as the door opened , the boy rushed out.4.Th