2010中年考英语数词复习.doc

2010中年考英语数词复习知识概要1 one first 1st 2 two second 2nd3 three third 3rd 4 four fourth 4th5 five fifth 5th 6 six sixth 6th7 seven seventh 7th 8 eight eighth 8th9 nine ninth 9th 10 ten tenth 10th11 eleven eleventh 11th 12 twelve twelfth 12th13 thirteen thirteenth 13th 14 fourteen fourteenth 14th15 fifteen fifteenth 15th 16 sixteen sixteenth 16th17 seventeen seventeenth 17th 18 eighteen eighteenth 18yh19 nineteen nineteenth 19th 20 twenty twentieth 20th21 twenty-one twenty-first 21st 30 thirty thirtieth 30th40 forty fortieth 40th 50 fifty fiftieth 50th60 sixty sixtieth 60th 70 seventy seventieth 70th80 eighty eightieth 80th 90 ninety ninetieth 90th100 a(one)hundred hundredth 100th104 one hundred and four hundred and fourth 104th1000 a(one) thounsand thounsandth 1000th10000 ten thounsand ten thounsandth 10000th1000000 one million millionth 1000000th 基数词.1.基数词的读法.1)1-12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve2)13-19: 词尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety4)21-99: 在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.21- twenty-one 99-ninety-nine5)101-999 :先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.101-one hundred and one 238-two hundred and thirty-eight6)1000以上的数:先将数字从右往左数,每三位数用一个逗号隔开, 从右往左第一个逗号表示 “千”读thousand 第二个逗号表示 “百万”读million 第三个逗号表示 “十亿”读billion18,657,421-eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one. 序数词基数词变序数词口诀: 基变序,有规律,词尾要加th .一二三,特殊记,词尾分别tdd(first second third )八去t ,九去e,ve要用f替.ty变作tie,再加th莫忘记.若遇几十几,只变个位就可以.三. 数词的应用.1.表编号.结构:名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词Lesson One = the first lesson注：有些编号，一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101 101号房间2.序数词前一般加定冠词the 但序数词前与不定冠词a /an 连用时,表示 “又一,再一”Youve done it three times .Why not try _fourth time ?A.a B.an C.the D./数词前加every ,表示每/每隔 .every ten days =every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)注:every +基数词 +复数名词 = every + (序数词-1) +单数名词.基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄1)表示年代: in the + 年份的复数 在几世纪几十年代.在十九世纪七十年代. _.2)表年龄: in ones + 整十的复数 表示在某人几十岁时在他四十岁时: _.hundred / thousand /million /billion1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时 ,既加s 也要带of .Every year _ visitors come to China .There are two _ students in our school .A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of2).若其前有a few 、many、several 修饰时，通常用复数，后接of.3).若名词前有the修饰时，用单数，后接ofTwo _the students in our school are from the countryside .A.hundred B. hundred of C.hundreds of D.hundreds几个半的表达法:基数词 + and + a half +名词复数 = 基数词 +名词(单数/复数) +and +a halftwo and a half hours = two hours and a half.时刻表达法:1)整点: 基数词 + oclock2)几点几分:A).直接读法: 先读小时 ,后读分钟3:25 - three twenty-fiveB).间接读法:a)30分钟. 分钟+ past + 小时3：25 -twenty-five past threeb)30分钟. ( 60-分钟 )+ to + (小时数+1)3:55 - five to fourc) 30 分钟 = half 15分钟=a quarter 45分钟= three quarters3:30 -half past three 3:15-a quarter past three3:45 -a quarter to four日期表达法:结构: 1).月 日,年 (日用序数词,年用基数词)注:年份的读法: 先读前两位数,再读后两位数. 读日时要加the.1900-nineteen hundred 1807-eight and seven (eight o seven)2008-two thousand eight2007年3月21日.- March the twenty-first ,two thousand and seven.2).日 月 年 (the +序数词+of +月, 年)2007年3月21日-the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.9.分数词的表达法:1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数.3/4- three fourths (three-fourths)2).注意:a).分数词的几种特殊形式.1/3one third = a third1/4one fourth = a quarter1/2one second = a half3/4three fourths = three quartersb).分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.Two fifths of the milk _(be ) drunk by Tom .One third of the students _(be )girls .正误辨析 误 1107 should be read as a thousand a hundred as seven. 正 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven. 析 在读数字时，如：and前只有百或千时，用one hundred/ one thousand 还是a hundred /a thousand全是可以的。但如果文有百又有千时，则只能用one不要用a。 如果没有and时，如：1100也只能读作one thousand one hundred 或eleven hundred. 误 I drove about half mile. 正 I drove about half a mile. 析 半小时为half an hour, 半天为half a day, 半镑为half a pound, 尽量避免用half a year, half a month, 要用six months, two weeks 或 fifteen days 要注意的是Half of the work is done Half of the books are sold. 当Half 作名词时，其谓语动词要看of后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数谓语动词，如是复数名词时，则要用复数谓语动词。要注意的是一个半的表达法，如：One and a half apples is left on the table.其名词要用复数，但谓语动词则要用单数。 误 60 students are playing on the ground. 正 Sixty students are playing on the ground. 析 在句首的数字要用文字而不要用阿拉伯数字，如数字过大则应放于句中，用阿拉伯数字。如： There are 166 students playing on the ground. 误 He became famous around fifty years old. 正 He became famous in his fifties. 析 in his fifties 50多岁时，而in the fiflies 在50年代。 误 There are about two thousands workers in our factory. 正 There are about two thousand workers in our factory 析 几千，几百的表达法是基数词加thousand或加hundred,而且均不要加s。这样的单位还有dozen(打)， score (20年)等。 误 In the morning there are hundred of old people walking in the park. 正 In the morning there are hundreds of old people walking in the park. 析 当表达数百，数千时，要用hundreds of和thousands of 这一结构。 误 The class begins at eight a. m. 正 The class begins at 8 a. m. 析 与符号或与缩写的字母连用时一定要用数字，如：43%， 67, No.2 误 Twofifth of the books are sold out. 正 Twofifths of the books are sold out. 析 分数表示法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，但分子大于1时，分母要在序数词后加s。 误 Tom was born on July eighteen. 正 Tom was born on July eighteenth. 析 月日的表达法有美语和英语两种。 美语 July 18 读作 July eighteenth 英语 July 18th 读作 July the eighteenth 误 Ill go to school at 730 a. m. in the morning. 正 Ill go to school at 730 a. m/ at 730 in the morning. 析 a. m 即表达在早上之意，不要再用in the morning. 误 The film will begin at three quarters past one. 正 The film will begin at one quarter to two. 析 大于30分钟时不要使用past，而要用差多少不到几点的to来表达。 误 Three time three is nine. 正 Three times three is nine. 析 times 此处作为乘讲一定要加s。 英语中乘除法表达式如下：算法 种类 例 句加法 一般 Five and six is eleven.正式 Five plus six is (equals) eleven.减法 一般 Eight take away four leaves (is) four.Four from Eight leaves (is) four.正式 Eight minus four equals (is) four.乘法 一般 Three fours are twelve 34=12正式 Three times four equals (is) twelve.一般 Two in to four is two.正式 Four divided by two equals two.(三) 例题解析1 - How many students are there in your school, Mike?- There are over _ students in our school.A. two thousands B. two thousands of C. two thousandD. two thousand of 答案 C. 析 有基数词在前面时thousand， hundred 等词不能加s，也不能加of结构，只有在thousands of时才可以使用。2 John lives on _ floor. He doesnt use a lift to go up and down.A. nine B. the ninthC. ninth D. a ninth 答案 B. 析 序数词前加定冠词，nine 与 ninth 的拼写上有一个e字母相差别。3 Wu Dong won the girls _ race in the school sports meeting last week.A. 100 metres B. 100metresC. 100 metreD. 100metre 答案 D. 析 数词、名词、形容词等词用连字符连接成的形容词中，名词都不要加s，如： I have to write a twothousandword report.而且由连字符组成的形容词只能放于名词前，不能放于名词后，作后置定语，或用在be动词后作表语。4 There are _ students in our school.A. four hundred twentyB. four hundred and twenty C. four hundreds twentyD. four hundreds and twenty 答案 B.5 - How many days are there in a year?- There are _ .A. three hundreds and sixtyfive B. three hundreds sixtyfive C. three hundred and sixtyfiveD. three hundred sixty five 答案 C.6 We have