论农村小学生英语语感的训练与培养.docVIP

论农村小学生英语语感的训练与培养A Study on Developing English Language Sense of Rural PupilsBYBai YunxiaProf.Duan Yanli,tutorSubmitted to the B.A. Committee in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the English Department of Hebei Teachers University March 6, 2012 论农村小学生英语语感的训练与培养摘 要 语感是语言能力的核心。学生的语感在他们的英语学习中起着重要的作用。但它却经常被师生特别是农村小学的师生所忽视。当前农村的小学生，与城里的小学生有很大的差距，仍处于“聋哑英语”的状态，大部分的老师都没有在刻意进行语感教学。很多小学生在朗读短文或表演英语对话时，语调生硬，发音不够标准,习惯于死记硬背，毫无语言的韵律美感。这一现象出现的原因有很多，例如人们忽视了英语语感培养的重要性；没有学习英语的良好的语言环境；农村英语教师师资力量薄弱；应试教育造成语言学习形式的单一等。我们应该强调学生语感培养的重要性，从小学开始就必须有意识地耐心培养。本论文首先阐述了英语语感的概念及它的重要性。分析了当前农村小学生英语语感现状及引起这种现象的原因。另外，还探讨了如何培养小学生良好的英语语感。以下有很多措施可以提高学生的英语语感。首先，家校结合激发学生的学习主动性。其次，提高农村地区英语教师的素质。第三，创建良好的英语学习环境和氛围。第四，组织多种多样的语言活动。例如，创设听说环境，加强读背训练，开展内容广泛和形式多样的课外活动等。最后，帮助学生了解中西方文化差异，树立跨文化意识。只要坚持努力，农村小学的英语教学将会取得很大进步，学生最终能达到顺畅流利地运用这门语言。关键词:农村小学生；英语；语感；意识；培养AbstractLanguage sense is the central part of language learning. Students language sense plays an important role when they learning English. But it often neglected by teachers and students, especially in rural primary schools. There is a big gap between urban and rural pupils at present. Most rural pupils are still in the state of Dumb English. The teachers are not deliberate to language sense teaching. Many pupils have blunt intonation and non-standard pronunciation, accustomed to rote, no language rhythm beauty while they are reading a passage or acting a dialogue. However, there are a lot of reasons for this phenomenon. For example, people neglect the importance of English sense training; students are lack of good language environment; shortage and low quality of English teachers in rural areas; the examination-oriented education causes the single language form and so on. We should stress the importance of establishing and training students language sense. It must be consciously and patiently cultivated from primary schools. This thesis expounds on the definition of English language sense and emphasized the importance of it. It analyses the current English language sense situation of rural pupils and the causes of this phenomenon. In addition, it discusses how to bring up the nicer sense of English language. It gives several ways to develop the language sense, In the first place, home-school union to stimulate students initiative. Secondly, improve the quality of English teachers in rural areas. Thirdly, create good English environment and atmosphere, to enhance the language sense. Fourthly, carry out various activities of language. Create the listening and speaking environment, strengthen the reading and reciting training, to enhance the language sense. Extracurricular activities of extensive contents and various forms can be carried on. Finally, to help students understand the differences between Chinese culture and Western culture, establish cross-cultural awareness. As long as we insist on unremittingly, our English teaching in rural primary schools will certainly reach a new step and the students ultimately achieve using the language freely and smoothly.Key Words：rural pupils; English; language sense; awareness; trainingContentsIntroduction1ChapterI What is English language sense21.1 The definition of English language sense21.2 The important role of English language sense2ChapterII Current English language sense situation of rural pupils4ChapterIII Causes of this phenomenon53.1 Neglect the importance of English language sense training53.2 Lack of initiative in learning English53.3 Shortage and low quality of primary English teachers in rural areas63.4 Lack of good language environment73.5 The examination-oriented education causes the single language form8ChapterIV Measures of improving the rural pupils English sense94.1 Home-school union to stimulate students learning initiative94.2 Improving the quality of primary English teachers in rural areas114.3 Creating good English environment and atmosphere124.4 Carrying out various language activities144.4.1 The creation of listening and speaking environment144.4.2 Strengthen the reading and reciting training154.4.3 Implement of extracurricular activities164.5 Helping students establish cross-cultural awareness18Conclusion20Notes21Bibliography22Acknowledgements23A Study on Developing English Language Sense of Rural PupilsIntroductionAs everyone knows, English has become more and more important all over the world. It has become an international language. With the development of China, society needs a large number of English speaking people. To learn English well, it is essential to attach importance to the development of English language sense. A sense of students in the English language the more intense the higher quality of their English, they are more able to creatively learn and use English language, accurately and quickly carry out a variety of communicative activities.To cultivate the pupils language sense, to develop the pupils preliminary ability to use English in daily exchange and to lay a good basis for further study, is mentioned in the objectives of English course in primary schools in the new English Curriculum Standard. It is thus clear that, cultivation of English language sense is the important part during English teaching in primary schools. Most teachers in cities have been awarded of the importance of the training of English sense. And they inspire students to practice English as much as possible in the classroom, requiring themselves to use English as much as possible during the class and out of the class. But in remote rural areas, the importance of English sense hasnt been universally recognized. Students do not have a good language environment. The majority of parents in rural areas have no knowledge about English. Usually what the students listen, think, say is Chinese, and even some English teachers do not speak English in class, therefore, the effect of English teaching is not satisfactory.The development of English language sense can not be achieved overnight. It is a long-term process. It must be consciously and patiently cultivated from the day that pupils start to learn English. Gradually improve requirements, in order to achieve the aim of teaching.ChapterI What is English language sense1.1 The definition of English language sense What is language sense? Our great literary writer Mr. Ye Shengtao once has a clear explanation: The sensitivity to languages is usually called the sense of language. Only if we keep our eyes open at any time in our daily life, get a real experience, we will have the right and enrich comprehension ability. Language sense is the human ability of apperception and induction for language, it is the symbol that someone is very familiar with the language, and it is formed naturally in the long-term of language practice. A babbling baby can realize the feeling of happy or angry from the talking, acting, facial expression of adult. It is a kind of feeling to the language.Sense of language is the language of a people rich and keen perception, and is the direct feeling of freedom of language.The English language sense is synthesizing of the peoples feeling ability include speech feeling ability, semantic sense ability, language emotion colors to the English language. The language sense comes from language practice and plays a guiding role on the language practice again. As athletes fight to be familiar with the ball of the strike, have a good water swimmers, who have engaged in music good sense of music the same, to learn English should have a good sense of language, so that we can from other peoples voice, tone, spoke of the expressions and movements, accurate grasp of the people to express beyond the text itself means. In many situations, every time you say the right things without any consideration, what makes you do so? This is actually the function of language sense.In short, the sense of English language comes from a long-term training and applying, and it has an important effect to the exaltation ability of English expressing, judging and applying. It is the direct perceptual ability to English language, and the control and making use of English language rules or language organization method.1.2 The important role of English language sense To learn a language, especially the second language, Language sense is very important. We can judge some meaning beyond the text itself, accurately understand and grasp the actual meaning of words according to the sense. So the English language sense plays a very important role both in English teaching and applying. Language sense has the characteristics of intuitive, comprehensive and plasticity. It will become automated speech ability once the sense of language formation, that students automatically operate it without the help of grammar rules. English language sense is the core of English learning and usage. The most important of teaching intensity is to fulfill the strength of language sense.（Hu Chundong, 1990）Language sense takes effects if you can say something right without hesitation. For instance, when you are going to know ones name, you will say: May I have your name, please? When you are going to thank somebody, you will say: Thank you. When you are going to ask the way, you will say: Excuse me, can you tell me the way to? Without any consideration when you are speaking these sentences, because you are so familiar with them. When you contact with the language often, you can grasp the laws of the language itself, and know how they work and be used. The sentence structure, grammar and appropriateness have all been your subconscious things. When you use them, they will come out correctly. When you say more complex sentences without any thinking just as you say may I have your name? Or thank you, your language sense has got to a good stage.Language sense is not “the moon in water”, but “the clutch shot”. If one wants to master English language, improve his proficiency of using language, he must develop language sense. As an English teacher, we should cultivate students language sense consciously in our teaching, enable students to have a deep interest in learning, to experience and learn the language related to daily life closely, put the language into the feeling, thus a real sense of English language is developed. Their comprehensive ability of English will be greatly improved.ChapterII Current English language sense situation of rural pupils Nowadays, primary English is generally paid more and more attention by people, and English teaching in primary schools gets more and more attention from many respects with the progress of the times. But in the rural primary schools, the status quo is not optimistic. There is a big gap between urban and rural pupils. Most rural pupils are still in the state of Dumb English. Their English competence is not satisfactory. There are some problems in English teaching. Usually most students ability to speak English is not very well. They can not take part in practice speaking English actively. They will be puzzled how to answer teachers question with their own words, because they dont know how to arrange their sentences well. They are weak in pronunciation and reading. When they read a passage, the words and sentences that they read out is one tone, no stress, no rhythm. They read the sentence word by word, without according to the sense group. Even some pupils give Chinese or Chinese pinyin to English words as its phonetic notation. They have an elongated cavity and a strong local flavor, lack of authentic English intonation, and there is no language rhythm beauty. Many pupils have blunt intonation and accustomed to rote when they act a dialogue. They can not realize the characteristics of English language and only apply mechanically. Some students often get high grade in English examinations, but its very difficult for them to speak English fluently. They have no good sense of English language. That is the only answer to this scene. Chapter III Causes of this phenomenon3.1 Neglect the importance of English language sense trainingThe purpose of primary English course is to establish pupils initial language sense and cultivate their interest in English at the stage of compulsory education. It is pointed out clearly in English curriculum standard. It is thus clear that, the development of English language sense is the important part of primary English teaching and learning. However, the problem that neglect of students direct experience and perception to English is generally existed. Many English teachers still remain in the traditional teaching mode of cramming knowledge into students brain. These teachers tend to pay more attention to the explanation of language knowledge and adopt teaching methods of rote. The language sense hasnt been carried out deliberately by English teachers in most middle schools, not to mention English education in rural primary schools. In addition, compared with the parents in cities, most rural parents are busy with usual chores and working. They often neglect of concern with childrens learning. And the rural parents generally accept low education and they are basically blind to English. The family can not put enough emphasis on their childrens English education. The cultural atmosphere of the family is not good. Furthermore, most of parents believe that the result of English is just dependent on an examination paper. Even some English teachers have such kind of opinion, so they neglect to train pupils language sense in class and out of class.3.2 Lack of initiative in learning English Compare with the students in cities, rural students have many gaps in behavior, speech and thought. While the English teacher is carrying on the oral practices in class, some students will be shy to face the teacher and classmates while speaking English openly. They are reluctantly to express themselves in class, and some of the students have a sense of fear to speak English. They are afraid of being blamed or losing face for making mistakes. Especially face to the interrogative sentence and exclamatory sentence, most of them are reserved and timid. They fear to read out loudly and full of emotion because of afraid of being laughed at by classmates, thus they do not want to actively participate in dialogue in English.For children, English is simply another school subject they have to do in school. As the grade increased, Students are required to learn more objects, and more words need to remember. They find that they have less time to learn English and English is become more and more difficult. Their parents do not realize the importance of learning English, and pay less attention to their requirements. So the children in rural areas at home feel dull and lonely to learn English. All these above cause that the children have no initiative in English learning. They rarely speak English in daily life. They rarely listen to tapes at home. Even though the teacher has assigned listening tasks, but due to lack of timely inspection, many students think that is equal to nothing. Less of them are able to listening tapes persistently at home everyday. They have no good habits of English reading and listening.3.3 Shortage and low quality of primary English teachers in rural areasAccording to the English Curriculum Standards，the importance of primary English teaching is to cultivate students language sense and interest. But as the most basic of education factor, the present situation of primary English teachers quality is not optimism, especially primary schools of village. Most of English teachers switch to start the work on their midway. Even many English teachers of rural primary schools are not accepted formal English education or special training, so many of them are poor at English listening, speaking and reading. There is a certain difficulty for them in teaching English. They cannot be fully realized to organize the class in English. Their pronunciation and intonation are usually not standard. It is a sort of hard for them to transform English knowledge into competence and set a good example for students. Whats more, the lag of teaching method, old concepts and the single teaching means make the classroom atmosphere tedious. Students are in a passive state and their interest and ability in English cannot be cultivated.Besides, in many rural places, being short of English teachers, one assumes multiple English teaching classes, so there is less time and energy for teachers to make a thorough study of the teaching materials because of the heavy workload. At the same time there is a large number of pupils in each class，and it has less chance for each to practice in class. The teaching effect will be influenced directly.3.4 Lack of good language environmentChildren need to learn English the way they learned their own language: through listening to people around them speak words and phrases. Everyone learns their mother tongue just by the language itself, and we have been so used to getting the meanings of new words in explanations of exactly the same language that we always turn a blind eye to it. The majority of parents in rural areas have no knowledge about English. Usually what the st