SAT官方指南OG词汇TEST2.docx

OG TEST 2SECTION 42.4.1The movies plot was _: once you know what befell on the hero, you could _ the fate of the villain. A. convincing misinterpretB. misleading anticipateC. predictableforeseeD. ironicendorseE. spellbindingignore foreseeTo see or know beforehand预知，预见：提前看到或知道foresaw the rapid increase in unemployment预见到了失业率的快速增长IronyThe use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning反话，讽刺：故意使用文字表达与字面意思不同且相反的意义EndorseTo give approval of or support to, especially by public statement; sanction:赞同，认可，支持：认可或支持（尤其指以公开声明的方式）；批准，认可endorse a political candidate支持一个政治候选人2.4.2A certain additive put in gasoline to reduce air pollution is actually _ groundwater, a finding that shows that even the most well-intentioned fixes can sometimes _.A. liquefying founderB. contaminating backfireC. purifying boomerangD. saturating reciprocateE. polluting prevailcontaminateTo make impure or unclean by contact or mixture弄脏，污染：因为接触或混合而使不纯洁或不干净Contaminated groundwater污染了地下水backfireTo produce an unexpected, undesired resultv. （原意逆火）产生事与愿违的结果：产生意料之外的、不希望产生的结果His plan backfired on him.他的计划事与愿违。FounderTo fail utterly; collapse:失败：彻底失败；崩溃a marriage that soon foundered一个迅速失败的婚姻SaturateTo imbue or impregnate thoroughlyReciprocateTo give or take mutually; interchange回报，互惠：互相给予或接受；交换，互换Prevail(1) To be greater in strength or influence; triumph战胜：在力量或影响上更大；取得胜利prevailed against the enemy战胜了敌人(2) To be in force, use, or effect; be current流行：具有效力、正在使用或生效；当前正流行an ancient tradition that still prevails至今仍然流行的一个古代传统2.4.3The biologists description of the wolf pack was truly _, devoid of any motion or personal prejudice.A. dispassionateB. insubstantialC. esotericD. capriciousE. indignantdispassionateDevoid of or unaffected by passion, emotion, or bias冷静的，不懂感情的，不带偏见的，公正的：不带有或不受激情、感情或偏见影响的DevoidCompletely lacking; destitute or empty缺乏的，没有的：完全缺乏的；缺乏的、贫困的或空的a novel devoid of wit and inventiveness.一部缺乏机智和创造力的小说SubstantialOf, relating to, or having substance; material实质的，有内容的；物质的派insubstantialEsotericMysterious; not publicly disclosed; confidential机密的，神秘的，难以理解的CapriciousCharacterized by or subject to whim; impulsive and unpredictable反复无常的，任性的，善变的：类似于或受制于怪念头的特点；冲动的，不可预测的IndignantCharacterized by or filled with indignation; angry愤怒的，愤慨的；生气的The indignant customer complained to the manager.那个愤怒的顾客向经理投诉。2.4.4No longer considered _, the belief that all of Puerto Ricos indigenous Taino people perished centuries ago appears to be a _ now that modern Taino descendants have come forward.A. conclusive realityB. tenable misconceptionC. mythical possibilityD. erroneous delusionE. hypothetical digressiontenableCapable of being maintained in argument; rationally defensible站得住脚的：能够在驳论中维持得住的；理性上可辩护的a tenable theory一个站得住脚的理论misconceptionA mistaken thought, idea, or notion; a misunderstanding误解：一个错误的思想、主意或想法；一个误解had many misconceptions about the new tax program对于新的税务程序有诸多误解Conclusive（OG1.9.4已选）Serving to put an end to doubt, question, or uncertainty; decisive最后的，决定性的，结论性的：终结疑问、问题或不确定性的；决定性的See Synonyms at decisive参见decisive派inconclusiveMythical(1) Of or existing in myth神话的，存在与神话中的the mythical unicorn神话中的独角兽(2) Imaginary; fictitious想象的；虚构的ErroneousContaining or derived from error; mistaken错误的，谬误的，不正确的：包括或派生自错误的；错误的erroneous conclusions.错误的结论DeludeTo deceive the mind or judgment of欺骗，哄骗：欺骗某人的心智或判断fraudulent ads that delude consumers into sending in money欺骗消费者花钱的欺诈性广告See Synonyms at deceive参见deceivehypotheticalOf, relating to, or based on a hypothesis假定的，假设的：假设的、与假设相关或基于假设的a hypothetical situation一个假设的情境派生自hypothesisDigressTo turn aside, especially from the main subject in writing or speaking; stray离题，跑题：偏离，尤其指在写作或演讲中偏离主题；走失See Synonyms at swerve参见swervedescendantA person, animal, or plant whose descent can be traced to a particular individual or group子孙后代，后裔2.4.5Although easily angered by our mischievous behavior, our mother could be immediately _ by our expression of remorse.A. substantiatedB. impugnedC. protectedD. unitedE. mollifiedmollify(1) To calm in temper or feeling; soothe平息，抚慰：在脾气或感情上进行安慰；安慰See Synonyms at pacify参见pacify(2) To lessen in intensity; temperTo reduce the rigidity of; soften减轻，缓和：在强度上减轻，缓和；在硬度上减轻，使变软SubstantiateTo support with proof or evidence; verify证明，证实：以证据或证明来支持；证实substantiate an accusation（以证据）证明一个指责See Synonyms at confirm参见confirmImpugnTo attack as false or questionable; challenge in argument指责，非难，质疑：攻击为错误或可疑的；在争论中挑战、质疑impugn a political opponents record指责一个政治对手的记录remorseMoral anguish arising from repentance for past misdeeds; bitter regret懊悔，自责，良心上的不安：由对过去行为的后悔所产生的道德上的痛苦；苦涩的懊悔See Synonyms at penitence参见penitence2.4.6Scientists wonder what to do with the dead satellites, jettisoned rockets, drifting paint flecks, and other _ orbiting Earth.A. flotsamB. reconnaissanceC. decimationD. raimentE. sustenanceflotsamn. （漂浮的）遇难船只的残骸、残片或货物2.4.7Although aging brings about profound physiological changes, it does not often alter an individuals _: an irascible thirty year old will probably still be _ at seventy.A. disposition cantankerousB. anatomy churlishC. outlook benevolentD. personality laconicE. stature robustdisposition（OC1.2.8已收）Ones usual mood; temperament气质，天性，性格：一个人通常的心情状态；脾气He has a cheerful disposition. 他性情开朗。cantankerous（OC1.2.8已收）Ill-tempered and quarrelsome; disagreeable脾气不好的，爱争吵的disliked her cantankerous landlord不喜欢她那个脾气不好的房东irascibleProne to outbursts of temper; easily angered易怒的，脾气暴躁的：倾向于爆发脾气的；容易被激怒的Churlish(1) Of, like, or befitting a churl; boorish or vulgar粗鲁的，粗野的，粗鄙的(2) Having a bad disposition; surly性格不好的，脾气不好的；脾气暴躁的as valiant as the lion, churlish as the bear. (Shakespeare)英勇如狮，暴躁如熊。benevolentCharacterized by or suggestive of doing goodOf, concerned with, or organized for the benefit of charity仁慈的，有爱心的，慈善的He was a benevolent old man, he wouldnt hurt a fly.他是一个仁慈的老人, 连只苍蝇都不愿伤害。LaconicUsing or marked by the use of few words; terse or concise简明的，简洁的：使用少量词汇的；简洁、简明的StatureThe natural height of a human or animal in an upright position身高，身材：一个人或动物的自然垂直高度RobustPowerfully built; sturdy强健的，强壮的；结实的，强壮的See Synonyms at healthy参见healthy2.4.8The commentator characterized the electorate as _ because it was unpredictable and given to constantly shifting moods.A. mercurialB. corrosiveC. disingenuousD. implacableE. phlegmaticmercurialQuick and changeable in temperament; volatile善变的，不稳定的：在脾气或性情方面极快的、善变的；易变的，反复无常的a mercurial nature善变的本质CorrosiveHaving the capability or tendency to cause corrosion腐蚀的，腐蚀性的：有造成腐蚀的能力或倾向性a corrosive acid一种腐蚀性的酸Ingenuous（OC1.2.8已收）Lacking in cunning, guile, or worldliness; artless.天真无邪的，单纯的：缺乏狡猾、奸诈或世俗特征的；自然的，不做作的派disingenuousPlacateTo allay the anger of, especially by making concessions; appease平息，抚慰：（尤指通过妥协让步）平息气愤；安慰，安抚See Synonyms at pacify参见pacifyPhlegmaticHaving or suggesting a calm, sluggish temperament; unemotional沉着的，冷静的，不动感情的SECTION 72.7.1Geoffreys corrupt dealings earned him such disgrace that any possibility of his being reelected to the city council was completely _.A. ensuredB. approvedC. belittledD. eliminatedE. defendedeliminateTo get rid of; remove去除，消除an effort to eliminate homelessness消除无家可归者的努力eliminated his enemies清除他的敌人disgraceLoss of honor, respect, or reputation; shame丢脸，耻辱：失去荣耀、尊重或名声；耻辱，羞愧BelittleTo represent or speak of as contemptibly small or unimportant; disparage轻视，贬低；轻蔑a person who belittled our efforts to do the job right一个贬低我们最好工作之努力的人2.7.2Although the editors were reputed to be very _, the uneven quality of the material they put into the anthology suggests they were too _.A. amateurish professionalB. lax harshC. selective inclusiveD. judgmental discriminatingE. sensitive insightfulselectiveOf or characterized by selection; discriminating有选择性的；有区分性的派生自selectinclusiveTaking a great deal or everything within its scope; comprehensive包括的，包含的：把大量或所有都包括在范围之内的；全面的，广泛的an inclusive survey of world economic affairs一个对世界经济事务的全面调查AmateurA person who engages in an art, science, study, or athletic activity as a pastime rather than as a profession业余爱好者派amateurishLax(1) Not taut, firm, or compact; slack松的，松弛的：不紧的、不牢固的、不坚实的：松弛的See Synonyms at loose参见loose(2) Lacking in rigor, strictness, or firmness松散的，松懈的：缺乏活力、严格程度或坚定性See Synonyms at negligent参见negligentHarsh(1) Disagreeable to the senses, especially to the sense of hearing刺耳的：导致感官不适的，尤其指听觉上(2) Severe, cruel, or exacting严格的，严厉的，苛刻的harsh punishment严厉的惩罚2.7.3The professors presentation was both _ and _: though brief, it was instructive. A. verbosemundaneB. conciseelaborateC. comprehensiveedifyingD. succinctenlighteningE. provocativetechnical succinctCharacterized by clear, precise expression in few words; concise and terse简洁的，简明的：在表达上清楚、准确的；=concise, tersea succinct reply简洁的回复a succinct style一种简明的风格MundaneOf, relating to, or typical of this world; secular现世的，世俗的；=secularElaboratePlanned or executed with painstaking attention to numerous parts or detailsIntricate and rich in detail精心的，详尽的，精致复杂的（对细节给予充分注意的）an elaborate design一种精心的设计Comprehensive（OC1.2.6已收）So large in scope or content as to include much全面的，广泛的，综合的：在范围或内容方面很大的，包括内容多的An objective test can be quite comprehensive.客观测试相当全面。EdifyTo instruct especially so as to encourage intellectual, moral, or spiritual improvement启发，启迪，教诲派edifying=enlighteninginstructiveadj. 教导的，有益的，启发性的：carrying a lesson: ENLIGHTENING2.7.4With its large circulation, Essence magazine has enjoyed _ only recently challenged by new publications aggressively seeking female African American readersA. an aggregationB. an inclinationC. a prognosisD. a retrenchmentE. a preeminencePreeminentSuperior to or notable above all others; outstanding卓越的，杰出的：比其他所有都要优越或突出；突出的，杰出的See Synonyms at dominant参见dominantSee Synonyms at noted参见noted派preeminencecirculationDissemination of printed material, especially copies of newspapers or magazines, among readers. The number of copies of a publication sold or distributed.（报纸、杂志等的）流通，发行量Aggregate(1) To gather into a mass, sum, or whole聚集：使聚集成团块、总体或整体(2) To amount to; total合计；总计派aggregationInclineTo be disposed to a certain preference, opinion, or course of action使倾向于：倾向于一种特定的偏好、观点或行动方式派inclinationPrognosis(1) A prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease. The likelihood of recovery from a disease预后：对于一种疾病的可能的原因和结果的预测(2) A forecast or prediction预测，预言a gloomy prognosis for economic recovery对于经济复苏的一种悲观的预测Retrench(1) To cut down; reduce; to remove, delete, or omit缩减；减少；删除或省略(2) To curtail expenses; economize节省开支；节约派retrenchment2.7.5The judges published opinions, though sophisticated and subtle, were undeniably _: they left no doubt of her intentions.(A) unequivocal(B) effusive(C) incorrigible(D) tenuous(E) ineffableEquivocal（OC1.2.6已收）Open to two or more interpretations and often intended to mislead; ambiguous.模棱两可的，意义不明确的：可能有两种或更多解释的，倾向于误导的；模糊的，含糊的派生自equivocate：支吾其词，说模棱两可的话派unequivocalSophisticated（OC1.2.2已收）(1) Having acquired worldly knowledge or refinement; lacking natural simplicity or naivet.老练的，老于世故的：具有老练的俗世知识；没有自然的简单或幼稚Mr. Smith is a sophisticated world traveler.史密斯先生是一位老练的环球旅行家。(2) Very complex or complicated复杂的，尖端的，精密的：非常复杂的the latest and most sophisticated technology最新且最复杂（尖端）的的技术派sophisticationSubtle（OC1.2.6已收）(1) So slight as to be difficult to detect or describe; elusive;细微的，微妙的；难以捉摸的Her whole attitude had undergone a subtle change.她的整个态度发生了微妙的变化。(2) difficult to understand; abstruse难理解的；难懂的Effusive(1) Unrestrained or excessive in emotional expression; gushy感情流露的，感情奔放的（感情溢于言表的、不节制的、过度的）gushyan effusive manner感情流露的性格(2) Profuse; overflowing流出的，溢出的；慷慨的，毫不吝惜的effusive praise毫无保留的赞赏IncorrigibleIncapable of being corrected or reformed根深蒂固的，积习难改的：难以改正或改良的an incorrigible criminal一个不可救药的罪犯Tenuous(1) Long and thin; slender长且细的；=slendertenuous strands细长的绳子(2) Having a thin consistency; dilute稀薄的(3) Having little substance; flimsy没有实际内容的，空洞的；=flimsya tenuous argument一篇没有实际内容的驳论Ineffable(1) Incapable of being expressed; indescribable or unutterable难以用语言形容的；不能描述的或不能说的See Synonyms at unspeakable参见unspeakable(2) Not to be uttered; taboo不能说的，不应该说的，避讳的；=taboothe ineffable name of God避讳而不能说的上帝之名SECTION 92.9.1Many paintings of the American Southwest convey a feeling of isolation and loneliness that mirrors the _ landscape they depict.A. lushB. sprawlingC. desolateD. gaudyE. monumentalisolateTo set apart or cut off from othersTo place in quarantine使隔离派isolationdesolateDevoid of inhabitants; deserted荒凉的，荒芜的：没有居民居住的；=desertedstreets which were usually so thronged now grown desolate. (Daniel Defoe)平时通常是如此拥挤的街道变得荒无人烟。丹尼尔迪福Lush(1) Having or characterized by luxuriant vegetation. Abundant; plentifulExtremely productive; thriving繁茂的，郁郁葱葱的See Synonyms at profuse参见profuse(2) Luxurious; opulent豪华的，奢侈的，富足的the lush dcor of a grand hotel大酒店的豪华装饰SprawlTo spread out in a straggling or disordered fashion蔓生，蔓延，无计划的扩张untidy tenements sprawling toward the river凌乱而无规划的房子正朝河流方向蔓延派sprawlingGaudyShowy in a tasteless or vulgar way俗丽的：（无品味而庸俗地）炫耀的Monumental(1) Impressively large, sturdy, and enduring雄伟的，巨大的：令人印象深刻的巨大、强壮、持久(2) Of outstanding significance极其重要的，关键的Einsteins monumental contributions to physics爱因斯坦对物理学的极其重要的贡献2.9.2Only recently created, this orchid is a _, a plant produced by deliberately crossbreeding two different varieties flowers.A. misnomerB. hybridC. vectorD. curativeE. precursorhybridGenetics. The offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock, especially the offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties, species, or races混血儿，杂种Something of mixed origin or composition. 混合物MisnomerApplication of a wrong nameA name wrongly or unsuitably applied to a person or an object.名字是误用：对一个人或物体应用了错误的或不合适的名字CurativeServing or tending to cure治疗的，有治疗效果的派生自curePrecursorOne that precedes and indicates, suggests, or announces someone or something to come先驱，先兆：能够先于并且预示或宣布某人或某事之到来的人或事物Colonial opposition to unfair taxation by the British was a precursor of the Revolution.殖民地对于英国推行的不公平的税收制度的反抗是独立战争（革命）的预兆。2.9.3The pharmaceutical company insisted that its testing of new drugs was quite _, more rigorous than the industry standard.A. stringentB. dispersiveC. conditionalD. recessiveE. obtrusiveStringentImposing rigorous standards of performance; severe严格的，严厉的：对于某人或某事的施行严格标准的；严肃的，严格的stringent safety measures严格的安全措施rigorousCharacterized by or acting with rigor严格的，严厉的a rigorous program to restore physical fitness恢复体能状态的一套严格程序disperseTo drive off or scatter in different directions分开，分散：朝不同方向驱赶或分散The police dispersed the crowd.警察们分散到人去里。派dispersiveRecessiveTending to go backward or recede后退的，倒行的，退步的Obtrude（OG1.9.1已收）(1) To impose (oneself or ones ideas) on others with undue insistence or without invitation强加，强迫，使接受：在不情愿或没有收到邀请的情况下（将观点等）强加于别人(2) To thrust out; push forward使突出，向前推派obtrusive2.9.4Freedom of expression is not necessarily a _ force: communities that encourage it often feel less threatened by social unrest than do those in which dissent is _.A. revolutionary promotedB. positive prohibitedC. successful protestedD. divisive restrictedE. militant fostereddivisiveCreating dissension or discord不合的，导致分裂的dissentTo differ in opinion or feeling; disagreeTo withhold assent or approval不同意，异议；持异议Revolution（OG1.5.6已收）A sudden or momentous change in a situation革命，改革，大变革：一场突然或巨大的改变the revolution in computer technology计算机技术的革命派revolutionize派revolutionaryProhibit（OC1.2.1出现过）To forbid by authority禁止：由权威禁止Smoking is prohibited in most theaters. 在大多数戏剧院里禁止吸烟 See Synonyms at forbid参见 forbidProtestTo object to, especially in a formal statement抗议，反对：反对，尤其指以一种正式声明的方式See Synonyms at object参见objectMilitantFighting or warringHaving a combative character; aggressive, especially in the service of a cause好斗的，好战的，激进的a militant political activist一个激进的的政治活动家Foster(1) To bring up; nurture 抚养，养育=nurturebear and foster offspring生育并抚养后台See Synonyms at nurture参见nurture(2) To promote the growth and development of; cultivate培养，促进；=cultivatedetect and foster artistic talent发现并且培养艺术才能See Synonyms at advance参见advance2.9.5Thomas Hardys novels are described as _ because of their preoccupation with daily life in rural and agricultural settings.A. bucolicB. prolificC. lugubriousD. sundry