名词性从句解析.doc

高考名词性从句 一、引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whomever,whose, which. whichever,（充当句子的主，宾，表）连接副词：when, where, how, why (充当句子的时间，地点，原因，方式状语)区分whether和if whether与if 均为是否的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有or not 例如：Whether he will come is not clear.His father is worried about whether he will be successful .二. 主语从句主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，不做成分,但不可省略例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：（1） It + be + 名词 + that从句（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句例如Its a pity that he failed Its necessary that we should lend a hand to the poor Its said that the final exam will be put off It seemed that he pretended to know the truth 三、宾语从句 ：引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句和表语从句的关联词大致一样，(that可以省略) 注意：口诀：一坚insist,二令demand、command，三议：suggest ,propose, order三要求:request,require,order 等表示要求、命令、建议等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”典型的虚拟语气 其中suiggest 当暗示讲时，无虚拟现象 其中insist 当坚持认为时，无虚拟现象某人坚持. 做什么（虚拟）某人坚持认为/硬说. 就是平常的宾语从句了（无虚拟）例如：1.I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。2.Mr. Smith insisted that I _D_ his book within three days. A. returns B. returned C. had returned D. return3.She insisted that he was wrong.：用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 三、表语从句：引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后。that在句中无词义，不做成分,但不可省略The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .四. 同位语从句同位语从句通常由that引导，同样不可省略，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：例如：The news that we won the game is exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。 演练试题 Action speaks louder than word 1. _surprised me most was _such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A. That; what B. What; that C. That; that D. What; what2. These wild flowers are so special I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. which C. that D. whichever3. _ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The person 4. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; why C. What; because D. Why; that 5. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. What; that B. That; that C. What; wha t D. That;what 6. It was ordered that all the soldiers _to the front.A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go7._ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever8. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got9. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever10. I am sure _ he said is true.A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what11._ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late12. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether13. The little boy ate _ his mother gave him.A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what14._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does15.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that16.We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever 17. Do you know _ he expects will give us a talk A. who B. whom C. that D. whose18._ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which19._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether20._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where21_he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. Why that D. If what22._the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What23.Three days later, word came _our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A. which B. when C. that D. where24.The fact _ she had not said anything surprised all of us.A. which B. what C. that D. how25. Last Sunday he promised _ today, but he hasnt appeared yet.A. that he would come B. that he will comeC. he will come to see me D. whether he would come26. Last Sunday he made a promise _ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.A. if B. that C. that if D. whether27. _ surprised me most was _.A. Thatthat she spoke Japanese so well B. Whathow could she speak Japanese so wellC. Whatthat she spoke Japanese so wellD. Thatwhy she could speak Japanese so well28. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _.A. Thatthat you had expected B. What that you had expectedC. Thatwhat you had expected D. Whatwhat you had expected完形填空：I teach biology at UNLV three times per week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my 36 how their weekend had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so 37 . He had his wisdom teeth removed. Then he went on to ask me why I al- ways seemed to be so 38 . His question 39 me of something Id read somewhere before: Every morning when you get up, you have a 40 about how you want to deal with life that day, I said. I choose to be cheerful. Let me give you an example, I continued, 41 all sixty students in the class. In 42 to teaching here at UNLV,I also teach out at a 43 in Henderson, 17 miles down the highway from where I live. One day a few weeks ago I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I 44 the highway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive another quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car 45. I tried to start it again, but the 46 wouldnt work. 47 I turned my flashers on, took my books, and 48 down the road to the college. As soon as | got there, I called and 49 for a tow truck to meet me at my car after 50 . The secretary there asked me what had happened. This is my 51 day, I replied, smiling. She was 52 . What do you mean?My car could have broken down anywhere along the highway. It didnt. I replied. 53 , it broke down in the perfect place: off the highway, 54 walking distance of here. lm still a-ble to teach my class, and Ive been able to arrange for the tow truck to meet me after class. If my car was meant to break down today, it couldnt have been arranged in a more convenient 55 . I ended my story. In spite of the early hour, no one in my class seemed to be asleep. Some-how, my story had touched them.36. A. schoolmatesB. childrenC. teachersD. students37. A. badB. goodC. sadD.