必修三重点词汇及短语(学生).doc

B3U1重点短语1take _发生2in memory _ 纪念3dress _ 盛装；打扮；装饰4play a trick_ 诈骗；开玩笑5look forward_ 期望；期待；盼望6day _night 日夜7as_ 似乎，好像8have _ with 玩得开心9turn _ 出现；到场10_ ones word 守信用；履行诺言11_ones breath 屏息；屏气12set _ 出发；动身；使爆炸13remind. _ 使想起14be/get married _ 和结婚15apologize_ sb. _. 因向某人道歉16in _ of 为了庆祝17have belief _ 对有信仰18be drowned_ 沉溺于；埋头于短语扩展play a trick on sb.捉弄某人have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯trick sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物gain by/from.从中获益gain in 在方面有所增加或增长award sb. sth./sth. to sb. 授予某人某物be awarded for. 因而受奖win/receive/get an award for 因而获奖admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人have admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/物watch/gaze in admiration 赞赏地观看/凝视着apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.make an apology to sb. for (doing ) sth.say sorry to sb. for (doing) sth.offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因某事向某人道歉remind sb. of sth./doing提醒某人(做)某事remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做remind sb. that.提醒某人warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事cure sb. of sth. 给某人治愈某病inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事in honor of 纪念；为向表示敬意in favor of 赞同in support of 支持in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有 in need/want of需要in place of 代替 in hope of 希望dress sb./oneself 给穿衣服；打扮be/get dressed in(衣服或表颜色的词) 穿着look forward to 期望；期待；盼望be/become/get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意devote.to. 把致力于 get down to 着手做lead to 通向，导致 stick to 坚持belong to 属于 object to 反对 listen to 听prefer.to. 宁愿也不give ones life to 把生命奉献给contribute to 为作贡献turn up 出现；到场；turn against背叛；(情况等)对不利turn away走开，离开；把打发走turn back折回，往回走；翻回到turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn off关(水源、煤气、电等)；令厌烦turn on打开；使感兴趣turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造；培养，造就turn to转向，变成；求救于，求助于turn in上交，欺骗turn over把交给；翻转hold ones breath屏息；屏气catch ones breath(因恐惧、震惊等)一时停止呼吸，屏息；不喘气draw/take a deep breath深呼吸take breath 歇口气in the same breath异口同声地out of breath上气不接下气lose ones breath喘不过气来；上气不接下气keep ones word守信用；履行诺言get in a word插话/嘴have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb.与某人吵架in a/one word简言之，总之in other words(that is to say)换句话说leave word留言the last word最后决定；最后意见word for word一字不差地；逐字地set off出发；动身；使爆炸set about着手set aside保留，储蓄set out动身，出发，着手set to开始做某事set up搭起；建立；设立语法连接及词语辨析1.(1)as if/as though 引导表语从句时，如果是客观的事实，用真实的语气；如果是不可能发生的事，只是一种想象、猜测，则用虚拟语气。2)as if/as though 引导方式状语从句，要用虚拟语气。3)as if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。2.be awarded for.因而受奖 award sb. sth.颁发给某人某物 reward sb. with sth.用酬谢某人 3. take place/happen/occur/break out/come about(1)take place按意图或计划进行，无偶然性，无被动语态。(2)happen带有意外和偶然性。碰巧， happen to do sth.，无被动语态。(3)occur 较正式用语，指具体事物时可与 happen互换(但 happen to do不可换成 occur to do)；另外 occur 有“突然想起”的意思，此时不可与 happen 互换，如 A good idea occurred to him.(4)break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；(疾病)突然发生。无被动语态。(5)come about “发生，产生”，指要解释或说明事情发生的理由，常与 how连用。B3U2重点短语1be/go _ a diet 节食2ought _ 应当；应该3_weight 体重减轻；减肥4get away _ 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚5_ a lie 说谎6win. _ 赢回；重新获得7_ ones living 谋生8_ debt 欠债9spy_ 暗中监视；侦察10cut _ 削减；删节11before_ 不久以后12put _weight 增加体重13glare _ 怒视14benefit_ 受益于15throw _ 扔掉；丢弃短语扩展be/go on a dietput sb. on a diet用规定的食谱，控制饮食a diet of sth. 多得令人生厌的事物in the balance 悬而未决out of balance 失去平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡，保持镇静lose ones balance 失去平衡，失去镇静tell a lie/lies 说谎反tell the truth 说实话lie to sb.向某人撒谎lie in 在于；处于lie down 躺下；屈服There lies. 某地有lie撒谎liedlied躺laylainlyinglay 放；产卵laidlaidlayingconsult sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事consult a book (a dictionary )查书(字典)consult with sb. 同某人商量go beyond/over the limit 超过限度within limits 在一定范围内；有限度的within the limits of 在的范围内without limit 无限(制)地set a limit to sth. 对规定限度be limited to sth. 受限制于limit sth. to sth. 把限定在的范围内benefit from/by sth.receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事be of great/much benefit to sb.be very beneficial to sb. 对某人有好处for the benefit of.为了帮助；为了的利益combine into. 联合成combine.with. 把与结合起来a combination of. 一种的结合(物)in combination with 与联合起来get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚get rid of 摆脱；除去get about 走动；旅行；(消息等)传开来get across (使)被理解；(把)讲清楚get on/along well with. 与相处得好；进展得好get away from 逃脱；离开get down (从)下来；写下；使沮丧get down to doing sth. 开始认真地做某事get in 收获；插话get in touch with 与取得联系get into the habit of 染上的习惯get into trouble 陷入困境get out (of.) (使)出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱get over 爬过(墙等)；克服(困难等)；从中恢复过来get through 办完；花完(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；接通电话be in debt to sb.欠某人债be out of debt不欠债(状态)get/run into debt陷入债务cut down 砍倒，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价cut across走捷径，穿过去cut in插话；让某人分享利润cut off中止，切断；隔绝cut out删除；裁剪cut up劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤cut short突然停止，中断(活动)cut through穿过；克服；避开；剪断语法链接及词语辨析Nothing could be better. 再没有比这更好的了(1)have sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”，不定式做宾补省略 to，但其被动式(sb. be made to do sth.)不能省略 to。含此种“使得”意义的其他动词还有 make, let, lead, drive等，如： No one can have Tom do this. 没人能使汤姆做这件事。 (2)have sth. done 包含两层意思：一种是“请别人做某事”；另一种为“承担外界或别人做某事的后果”。(3)have sb. (sth.) doing 有两层含义：一种是“使处于某种状态或作出某种反应”；另一种是“允许、听任某种事情发生”，这种用法一般用于否定句中。(4)have sth. to do 意为“有某事要做”，have 意为“有，拥有”。不定式 to do是宾语 sth.的定语，句子的主语是不定式动作的执行者。如果是 to be done做定语时，说明该不定式是由别人发出的。B3U3重点短语1bring _ 抚养；培养；教育；提出2go _ 前进；(用于祈使句) 可以；往下说3_ accident/chance 偶然；无意中；不小心4stare _盯着看；凝视5account_ 导致；作出解释6_ the contrary 与此相反；正相反7_ a chance 冒险8_ rags 衣衫褴褛9as_ 关于；至于10to be_ 说实话11_ the bottom of ones heart 从心底12take ones _ 点菜短语扩展on the scene 出现，到场，在场set the scene (为)作好准备，(为)设置舞台permit doing sth. 允许做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事with/without ones permissionwith/withoutput sb. on the spot 使某人尴尬，使某人为难be spotted with sth. 满是斑点account for 说明(原因等)；作出解释on account of 由于，因为on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)on any account 无论如何take account o consideration 考虑keep an account of 记录，记载seek (after/for) sth. 寻找某物；追求某物seek sth. from sb.向某人寻求某事seek to do sth.(try/attempt to do sth.)试图/企图做某事bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出bring about 引起；致使；造成；达成bring along/on 带来bring back 使记起；归还；恢复bring down 使减低；降低；挫伤(傲气)bring forth 产生；产出；生产bring forward 提出；出示；展示bring out 揭露；显示，解释；出版bring to (oneself) 使复苏bring in 引进；引来；赚得go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；说吧；干吧go ahead with开始做某事ahead of 在 之前；超过on the contrary 正相反，反之(表示相反意见)on the other hand 另一方面(说明问题的另一方面)contrary to. 与相反；违反，对抗quite/just the contrary 恰恰相反to the contrary 与此相反地take a chance冒险；试图做某事；碰运气take a chancetake ones chancetake chancesby chance/accident偶然；碰巧语法链接及词语辨析as for与as to都是介词短语，意思相近，都是“至于，关于；就而言，就来说”之意。as with“与一样”find oneself宾语补足语”，意为“(突然)发现自己”。(2)find oneself doing sth. 突然发现或惊奇地发现自己在做某事，表示吃惊或不相信等情感。(3)find oneself done (突然)发现自己被；不知不觉中发现自己被B3U4重点短语1_ time及时；终于2_ eggs 下蛋3give birth _ 产生；分娩4_ ones turn 轮到某人；接着5prevent. _ 阻止；制止6block _ 挡住(光线)7cheer _ 感到高兴；感到振奋8_that 既然9break _ 突发；爆发10watch _ 密切注视；当心；提防11_ down 冷却12as _ as 也；还有13depend_ 依靠；依赖，取决于14get close_ 靠近短语扩展be harmful to 对有害do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害do more harm than good 弊大于利There exists/existed.某地有，存在exist in 存在于之中exist on 靠为生exist by 靠生存come into existence 开始存在；成立bring into existence 使发生，产生be in a puzzle about sth. 对某事迷惑不解puzzle sth. out 琢磨出的答案；开动脑筋be puzzled by 被迷惑in ones turn轮到某人；接着in turn依次；轮流；转而；反过来by turns轮流；交替take ones turn轮到某人做了take turns依次；轮班，轮流on the turn正在转变，正在变化out of turn不合时宜地，鲁莽地prevent.from 阻止；制止stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事protect sb. from.保护某人不受侵袭，挡住，防御keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋cheer sb. up 使某人高兴；使某人振奋cheer on 为加油break out (战争、灾难、瘟疫等)突发；爆发(无被动语态)break away from 脱离(政党等)；打破(陈套等)break down 出故障，抛锚；(计划等)失败；(身体、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等)分解break in 破门而入；闯入；打断(话语等)break into 破门而入，突然起来break off 折断；突然中止，断绝，结束break through 突破break up 打碎，拆散；散开，解散；(学校)期末放假，(集会)结束watch out 注意；当心watch out(for) look out (for)密切注意；留神watch over 照看；看守语法链接及词语辨析一。1）It is/was the序数词timethat.主语have/had done.这是某人第次做2)It is (high) time that.主语did/should do.是该做的时候了。3)Its said/reported/believed/announced that.据说/据报道/据猜测/据称4)Its a pity/a shame/a wonder.that.可惜/遗憾/奇怪的是5)It happens/appears/seems that. 恰巧/看来/好像6)It looks/seems as if. 看起来好像7)Its up to sb. to do. 该某人做了二。(1)“A倍数形容词或副词的比较级thanB”，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。(2)“A倍数as形容词或副词的原级asB”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。(3)“A倍数the size/height/length/width, etc.ofB”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。三in time及时；总有一天；终于on time按时at one time曾经，一度at a time一次，同时at times有时at no time决不，在任何时候都不in no time立刻，马上B3U5重点短语1_ than与其；不愿2be surrounded _ 被包围3settle _ 定居；平静下来；专心于4_ to do 设法做5catch _ of 看见；瞥见6have a _ for 对有天赋7_ the distance 在远处8as_ as 远到；直到；至于9_ dawn 在黎明，在拂晓10_ of 成千上万的短语扩展be surrounded with/by. 被环绕/包围take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施be measured in 以来计算within ones power 力所能及within reason 理智地；合理地on the border of 将要，接近于，在的边界上 border on sth. 接近某物，毗邻某物；几乎相同；近似confirm ones belief 坚定信念confirm a theory 证实一种理论at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远in the distance 在远方out of distance from 离太远，达不到keep sb. at a distance 对冷淡，与疏远keep ones distance from 与保持距离be terrified of 害怕terrify sb. into doing sth. 吓得某人做某事impress sb. with sth.impress sth. on/upon sb. (ones mind/memory)给某人留下印象be impressed by/with/at 欣赏；受感动make/leave a good (bad) impression on sb.give a good (bad) impression to sb.给某人留下好(坏)的印象settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于settle (down) to sth. 开始注意某事物settle on/upon 决定；同意(某事)settle up 付清欠账；结清账单settle in 迁入manage to do sth. succeed in doing sth. 设法成功做某事can/could manage withoutgo without 应付，将就catch sight of 看见；瞥见within/in sight 看得见out of sight 看不见at the sight of. 一看到at first sight 乍一看；第一眼lose ones sight 失明have a gift forbe gifted withhave a talent for对有天赋语法链接及词语辨析rather than 宁愿而不愿；与其倒不如more than 不仅仅；超过；非常other than 除了；不同于or rather 更确切地说would rather do.than do. 宁愿而不愿would do.rather than do. 宁愿而不愿prefer to do. rather than do. 宁愿而不愿as/so far as(1)直到远，远到，直到(2)(表示程度、范围)就；尽；至于B4U1重点短语1move _离开；起程；出发2_ a.life 过着的生活3crowd _ (想法、问题等)涌上心头； 涌入脑海4refer_ 查阅；参考；谈到5look down _ 蔑视；瞧不起6_ chance/accident 碰巧；凑巧7come _ (偶然)遇见；碰见8carry_ 继续；坚持9human _ 人类10be put to _ 被处死11devote all ones life _ 献身于12second _ 次于13_ ones eye 吸引某人的目光14cant wait _ sth. 迫不及待地做某事15be intended _ 专为而设计，专供用.词汇短语过关 1. behave oneself 守规矩behave well/badly (towards sb.)(对)态度/举止好/恶劣be on ones best behaviour 举止规矩2 observe sb. do/doing sth. 观察某人做/(在做)某事be under observation 受严密监视escape ones observation 避开某人的注意 3.have/show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬/敬重in this /all/many respect 在这/各个/许多方面in respect of 关于；就而言with respect to 至于；关于；就而言respect sb./sth. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人/某事3.argue with/against sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人争论argue against/for 为反对/为赞成而辩论argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事argue on. 就辩论4.in support of 支持；赞成；拥护support ones suggestion 赞同某人的建议5.refer to 查阅；参考；谈到；指的是refer to.as.把称作/看作in/with reference toin connection with 关于without reference to 与无关，不管 6.intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事intend that.从句中谓语形式：(should)dointend.as.be intended as.打算把当做intend.for.be intended for 为打算或设计had intended that/to ended to have done.原本打算做7.deliver sth. (to sb.) 投递/传送某物(给某人)deliver a speech 发表演说be delivered of a childgive birth to a child 生孩子deliver sb./sth. over to sb. 把移交给某人deliver from 使摆脱 8look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起look about 四下环顾，四处寻找look after 照顾；照料；目送；寻求look for 寻找；期待look forward to 盼望look on 观看；面向；旁观look over 从上面看过去；察看look round 掉头看；环顾，观光look through 透过看去；看穿；审查look up 向上看；查阅9.come across(尤指偶然)遇到；发现；想到；越过；产生效果提示：表示“偶然遇见”的还有：meet with, happen to meet, chance to meet, meet.by chance/accident, run across, run into11carry on继续；保持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)carry on withsth./doing sth.=go on withcarry off赢得，获得(奖品、荣誉等)carry out实行，执行，进行，履行(诺言、义务等)语法链接及词语辨析1. 1)only在句首修饰做状语的副词或介词短语时，倒装。 (2)only在句首修饰状语从句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。(3)only在句首修饰句子的主语时，不用倒装语序。2.1)如果强调两个以上的并列主语，该句式仍用 is/was，不用 are/were。2)强调部分为表示“人”，可用 who；其他用 that。3)强调 not.until 句型时，将主句中的 not一起强调。即 It is/was not until.that.4)Is/Was it被强调成分that.？一般疑问句形式。5)特殊疑问词is/wasit被强调成分that.？6)强调句的特殊疑问句如果用于宾语从句中，该强调句式要用陈述语序。1. worth/worthy/worthwhile(1)worth只做表语后跟n./Ving。worth常用well修饰，不用very。be well worth doing. (2)worthy。be worthy ofn./Ving (被动式)”、to do。3) It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. B4U2重点短语1_ to幸亏；由于2rid. _ 摆脱；除去3be satisfied _ 对感到满意4would_ 宁愿；宁可5build_ 逐渐增强；建立；开发6lead_导致；造成7focus _ 集中(注意力、精力等)于8keep.free _/_ 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物)9_ a difference 造成差异，很重要10keep_ mind 牢记在心11cause damage_ 对造成危害12_ addition 再者，还有13turn _ 转向短语扩展1 struggle with/against 与搏斗/斗争struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力/争取struggle through 奋力通过struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle on/along (虽艰难仍)继续做某事with a struggle 费劲地2 expand into/to 使扩大，变大expand on/upon 阐述，详谈3. therefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以提示：therefore 是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而 so是连词，可接从句。4 equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/物equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而准备sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事be equipped with sth. 装备有某物5 refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒绝to ones regret 令人遗憾的是feel regretful for.对感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 对表示遗憾regretn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说/告诉/通知Its much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是7 be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce to. 降至reduce by. 减少了8 ask for comment 征求意见make comments on sth.评论某事Without comment. 不必多说。comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论，对发表意见9thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)because of 因为；由于owing to 由于，因之缘故as a result of 作为的结果，由于due to 因为，由于(不能放在句首)on account of 由于；因为10rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使摆脱be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱；抛弃remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事be free of. 摆脱11be satisfied with 对感到满意be satisfied that. 满意be satisfied to do 乐意干12lead to 通向，导致，致使leadn.to sth. 引导到lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事13keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)使不含(有害物)free from 没有，免于，无之忧free of 无的；免于的，离开了的free sb./sth. from. 使某人/某物自由；解放；释放for freefree of charge 免费地，无偿地be free to do sth. 自由地做某事be free with sb. 对某人放肆free as the air 自由自在set sb. free 释放某人1.expand/extend/spread/stretch(1)expand“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。(2)extend “伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。(3)spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。(4)stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。would rather not have done，表示“宁愿没有做，而实际上做了”。B4U3重点短语1_ _ now直到现在2feel/be content _ 对满足3_ off 穷的；缺少的4pick _ 挑出；辨别出5cut _ 切断；断绝6star _ 主演；担任主角7break _ 破门而入8worse _ 境况更差，更糟糕9_ the world 全世界10in search_ 寻找11burst_ 突然发出12bring_ 产生；引起13_ the open air 在户外，在野外14keep_ 坚持；固守.词汇短语过关 1 be content withbe satisfied with对满意be content to do sth.be willing to do sth.愿意做某事content sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己对满意in content and form 在内容和形式上提示：content 用做形容词时，通常做表语、后置定语或状语，做前置定语要用contented，如：a contented expression“满足的表情”； content 前的修饰词用 well，而不用 very。2 to ones astonishment 使某人万分惊讶的是in astonishment 惊讶地be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃惊be astonished to do sth. 因干某事而吃惊3 entertain sb. with sth. 用使某人快乐entertain sb. to sth. 用招待/款待某人give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人4 be overcome by sth.使某人垮掉使某人昏迷be overcome with emotion/excitement/horror/grief因情感/兴奋/恐怖/悲伤而不能自持5 convince sb. of sth. 说服某人相信某事be convinced of. 确信be/feel firmly convinced that. 确信；笃信；坚信6 direct sth. to/towards sth./sb.direct sth. at/against s