八年级上册英语UNIT8讲义和练习.doc

南昌戴氏教育精品堂学校 要考试，找戴氏Unit 8 How was your school trip?Section A【目标呈现】知识目标：词汇：gift, hang, win, prize, visitor, end, monitor, off, rain 短语：hang out, sleep late, day off, have a great time, at the end of 句型：1. How was your school trip? 2. Did you go to the zoo? No, I didnt. I went to the aquarium.3. Were there any sharks? No, there werent any sharks, but there were some really smart seals.语法：一般过去时的用法(一)。能力目标：学习询问和谈论过去发生的事情。情感目标：引导学生关注自己身边的人、事物及自然界中与我们共同生活的其他生命。教师寄语：A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好书，相伴一生。【基础巩固】自主学习一 、重点词汇拓展1. 逗留；徘徊_ (过去式) _ 2. 赢；获胜_ (过去式) _3. 访问者；参观者_ (动词) _4. 结束；结尾_ (动词) _5. 驾驶；驱车旅行_ (过去式) _6. 雨；雨水_ (过去式) _二 、重点词组识记1. 闲荡；闲逛_ 2. 睡过头；起的晚_3. (因病或节假日)休息；不工作；不上学_ 4. 去水族馆_ 5. 玩得高兴_ 6. at the end of _ 7. take photos _8. win a prize _ 9. sound interesting _10. watch a dolphin show _三 、重点句型体验：根据所给的图画情景和提示词，写出与图片相符的英语句子，标点符号已给出。 1 2 3 41. went to aquarium _. 2. did, see, sharks _?3. watch a dolphin show, last Sunday _.4. were, there, seals _?知识要点1. win v. 赢；获胜。一般用做及物动词，过去式和过去分词都是won；常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。Who will win the first prize? 谁将获得一等奖？ He won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921. 他在一九二一年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖金。【区别】win与beatwin和beat都可用作及物动词，作赢、战胜讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同：充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、名次等名词，即race，match，game， competition，war，prize之类的词；充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。He won first prize in the competition 他在比赛中获得第一。We beat the strongest team in the football match this time 在这次足球赛中我们战胜了最强的那个队。典型例题： Class 9 _ Class 4 in the football match and _ first place. 答案：beat; won 解析：beat战胜对手；win赢得名次。在足球比赛中九班战胜了四班，获得了第一名。2. else adj./adv. 别的；其他的；另外 else当形容词用时，常放在疑问词或不定代词之后；当副词用时，通常放在疑问副词之后。 Who else is going to the movies? 还有谁要去看电影？ What else do you want to say? 你还有别的话要说吗？ Nothing else. 没别的话可说了。 典型例题： Where _ did you look for your lost pen? A. other placeB. elseC. another (答案：B) 解析：else放在疑问副词之后。你还到别的什么地方找过你丢失的钢笔吗？ 3. at the end of 在的结尾；在的尽头。其后既可以跟地点名词，也可以跟地点名词。 We will finish the work at the end of this month. 我们将在本月底完成这项工作。 There is a post office at the end of this road. 在这条路的尽头有一家邮局。 【区别】at the end of, by the end of和in the end at the end of 在的结尾；在的尽头。其后既可以跟地点名词，也可以跟地点名词。 by the end of截止到的最后。其后只能跟表示时间的名词或短语,其时态多为过去完成时或一般将来时。 We had learned about 1,000 English words by the end of last term. in the end 最终；最后。表示事物发展的自然顺序的“终结”，不与of 连用。 I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 典型例题： _ the week, we went camping in the mountain with our friends. A. At the endB. In the endC. At the end ofD. By the end of 答案：C 解析：上周末，我们和朋友们去山里野营。 4. Did you go to the zoo? 你去过动物园吗？ 【拓展】一般过去时 一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态其谓语部分由动词过去式构成。 We had a meeting yesterday. 我们昨天开了一次会。 I was a student ten years ago. 十年前我是一名学生。 一般过去时的构成肯 定句否 定 句 beI /He/She/It was.I/ He /She/It was not .We/You/They were.We /You/They were not.实义动词I /He/She/It/ We/You/They studiedI/ He /She/It/ We /You/They did not study一般疑问句简略回答beWas he/she/it.?Yes,he was.(No,he wasnt.)Were we/you/they.?Yes,you were. (No,you were not)行为动词 Did I/you/he. have.Yes,you did.(No,you didnt.)Did he/she/ it/ we/you/ they study.?Yes,you did.(No,you didnt.)一般过去时通常与下列时间副词连用：yesterday, ago, last night, last week, last year, just now, a moment ago等。 典型例题： _ you _(have) ice cream on the beach a moment ago? (答案：Did, have) 解析：从a moment ago判断出本题的时态为一般过去时。随堂达标 一、单项选择 1. He _ to school yesterday because he was ill.A. doesntB.didnt come C. didnt came2. Jack _ the first prize in the piano competition. How great he was!A.getB. madeC. won3. How _ your last weekend?A.areB.hadC.was 4. She _ a souvenir last week? A.buyB.buys C. bought5. _ your mother go to work? No, she didnt. She went shopping.A.DoesB.Is C.Did二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. Did you _ (have) a good holiday?2. What _ you _ (do) yesterday?3. _ (do) you have breakfast this morning? Yes, I _ (do).4. I _ (get) up late this morning, so I _ (have) to run to school.5 They _ (be) tired but happy after they climbed the hill.三、完成句子 1. Laury买纪念品了吗？ _ Laury _a souvenir?2. 你去过动物园吗？ _ you _?3. 他们在学校旅游中玩的很高兴。 They _ the school trip.4. 那听起来很有趣。 That _.5. 上周六下午Lucy和几个朋友出去闲逛了。 Lucy _ with her friends _ the afternoon of last Saturday.四、短文填空be, stop, from, buy, look, one, see, give, how much, ask A train _1_ at a small station. A man _2_ out of the window and _3_ a woman selling cakes. People from the train were _4_ them. The man wanted to buy _5_, but the woman was stnding far _6_ the train. Suddenly he saw a boy walking past him. “Come here, boy!” the man said, “_7_ is the cake, do you know?” “One yuan for each,” the boy answered. The man _8_ the boy two yuan and 9 him to buy two cakes. “One for me and the other for you.” he said to the boy. In a minute, the boy came back. He was eating a cake. He gave the man one yuan and said. “There _10_ only one cake.” 【能力提升】语法练习1. Were there _ sharks? A. someB. any C.a lot D. much2. Did they take any photos? _. A.No,they didntB.No,they didC.No,they arentD.No, they werent3. My sister _ some cakes for us last night. A.cook B.cooks C.cooked D. cooking 4. I went out and _ in the river. A.swim B.to swim C.swam D. swims5. The music sounds _, I like it very much. A. goodB. well C. bad D. beautifully6. Tom _ late _ class yesterday morning. A. was, for B. was, to C. am, for D. am, to 7. Class 4 went to the _ to see some sharks. A. cinema B. aquarium C. park D. movie8. When did you go to bed last night? About 11 oclock. I _. A. slept early B. slept late C. got up early D. get up early 9. 9. I felt a little tired _ the end of the day. A. byB. inC. atD. on 中考链接1.2008 武汉 When _ your mother _ you that bule dress, Mary? Sorry, I really cant remember.A. does;buyB. has;bought C. had;bought D. did;buy2.2008 嘉兴 Jack, wheres my small round mirror? Sorry, Betty. I _ it. A. breakB. brokeC. will breakD. am breaking3.2008 金华 Did you give me a phone call? Yes, I did. But nobody _ the phone. A. answerB. answeredC. will answerD. had answer4. 2008 北京 We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there. A. will haveB. have hadC. hadD. have5. 2008 涿鹿 Look at the sing. Reading aloud is not allowed in the reading-room.Oh, I am sorry. I _.A. dont noticeB. didnt noticeC. wasnt noticingD. wasnt notice快乐阅读Dear Sir, We joined your Happy Summer Camp, but we are not happy at all! Where are your comfortable rooms? Im writing this letter in my tent and its raining again out there. Water is coming through the tent. Everything is wet.Is this the river? How can we swim in the river? It is so dirty and the rubbish is here and there. What kind of fish can live in it? What about our excellent food? We eat potatoes almost every meal and they were badly cooked! So we arent even full enough. Yes, there is a swimming pool, but is it as big as an Olympic size pool? And it is always closed. There are 20 mountain bikes here. But you see most of them dont work. Everything is bad here, and we cant stay here any longer! Unhappy Lily1. What does Lily think of the Happy Summer Camp? A. InterestingB. GoodC. Bad2. Can Lily swim in the river? A. Yes, of courseB. No, she cant.C. We dont know.3. What kind of food does Lily eat for almost every meal? A. beefB. chickenC. potatoes4. Is there a swimming pool as big as an Olympic size pool? A. Yes, there is.B. No, there isnt.C. We dont know.5. Did Lily have a good time in the Happy Summer Camp? A. Yes, she did.B. No, she didnt.C. Of course. Section B【目标呈现】知识目标：词汇：yard, luckily, umbrella, raincoat, wet, competition, player, future, again 短语：yard sale, in the future, go for a drive, sound boring, sound like, day off, have fun句型：1. How was your day off?2. Did you have fun camping?3. Sounds like a busy day off!4. Where did you go?5. Were you with your family?语法：一般过去时的用法(二)。能力目标：熟练掌握运用如何询问和谈论过去发生的事情。情感目标：培养学生分析观察的能力，学会合理安排课外时间。教师寄语：Choose an author as you choose a friend.择书如择友。【基础巩固】自主学习一 、重点词汇拓展1. 幸运地_ (形容词) _ 2. 雨伞；伞_ (复数) _3. 湿的；潮湿的_ (比较级) _4. 运动员_ (动词) _5. 雨；雨水_ (形容词) _二 、重点词组识记1. 庭院旧货出售 _ 2. 将来 _3. 开车兜风 _ 4. 听起来很乏味_5. 听起来像 _ 6. sound fun _7. day off _8. have fun _9. watch DVDs _10. in yesterdays singing competition _三 、重点句型体验：根据所给的提示词，写出与图片相符的英语句子，标点符号已给出。1. where, you, go, yesterday _?2. how, your day off _?3. I, not, have fun, day off_.4. want, go for a drive, last week _?知识要点1. sound v. 听起来。感官动词，其后接形容词作表语;常用短语sound like, 其后接名词,听起来像。 Your idea sounds good. 你的主意听起来很好。 It sounds like singing of birds. 听上去像象鸟叫声。 典型例题： The music _ beautiful. A. soundB. soundsC. sounds like答案：B辨析：sound感官动词，其后接形容词作标语。音乐听起来很动听。2. off adj. 休息；不工作；不上学 Jack is off today. Jack今天休息。 Yesterday was my day off. 昨天是我休息的日子。 We had great fun on our day off. 我们在休息日玩得非常高兴。 典型例题： Our manager took three days _. A. holidayB. offC. vacation 答案：B 解析：holiday和vacation是名词，应该用名词所有格来修饰。我们的经理休了三天假。3. have fun 动词短语 过得快乐；玩得高兴。常用短语 have fun doing Tom didnt have fun on his day off. Tom在休息日玩得不怎么高兴。 Did you have fun yesterday? 昨天你们玩得高兴吗？ We had fun riding our bicycles to the aquarium on Sunday. 星期天我们骑自行车去水族馆玩得很高兴。 典型例题： We have fun _ (play) computer games. 答案：playing 解析：have fun doing固定短语，做某事很有乐趣。4. luckily adv. 幸运地。注意该词的词性变化，形容词lucky;名词luck；反义词unluckily/unlucky。 Luckily, she met a warm-hearted man. 幸好她遇上了一位热心人。 You are lucky to be alive after that accident. 经过那次事故你能活下来真是幸运。 Good luck. 祝你好运。 典型例题： _ (luck), he didnt hurt himself badly in the earthquake. 答案：Luckily 解析：幸运地是他在地震中伤的并不严重。5. Luckily, we brought our umbrella and raincoats, so we didnt get wet. 幸运地是我们带了雨伞和雨衣,所以我们没有淋湿。 bring过去式brought 【拓展】一般过去时(二) 动词过去式的变化。 规则动词过去式加-ed，读音规则： 清辅音结尾的动词加-ed读/t/。 workworked, washwashed 浊辅音和元音结尾的动词加-ed读/d/。 playplayed, learnlearned 以字母t, d结尾的动词加-ed后读/id/。 startstarted, plantplanted 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词先变y为i，再加-ed. studystudied, carrycarried 以字母e结尾的动词直接加-ed。 diedied, refuserefused 不规则动词的过去式的形式特殊，需另需记忆。 buybought, bringbrought, comecame, eatate, gowent, havehad, gowent, getgot, meetmet, putput, readread, writewrote, winwon 典型例题： Where did you do on your last school trip? I _ (go) to the beach with my parents. 答案：went 解析：根据问句的时态可以判断出答句也应用过去时，go的过去式是不规则变化went。随堂达标 一、单项选择 1. Were you at work on your day off? _.A. Yes, I were.B. Yes, I am. C. Yes, I was.2. Did they take any photos?_.A. No, they didnt.B. Yes, I am.C. Yes, I was.3. My mother _ dumplings for us last night. A. makesB. makedC. made4. _ you buy a souvenir from Japan last Sunday? A. Do B. Did C. Does5. Did you _ supper at home? A. haveB. hadC. ate二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. Did you _ (have) a good holiday?2. There _ (be) many cars in the street yesterday.3. They had great fun _ (play) the piano last night.4. They _ (have) great fun in yesterdays party.5. We _ (take) a bus to the museum last Sunday.三、完成句子 1. 他们还做什么别的事了？ What _ did they _?2. 咱们去开车兜风吧。 Lets _.3. 在休息日你都做什么了？ What did you do _?4. 你们野营玩得高兴吗？ Did you _?5. 那听起来像是一个忙碌的休息日。That _ a busy day off.四、短文填空stand, rain, buy, play, have, be, stop, see, read, for It 1 for four days. Mike couldnt go out and _2_ with his friends. His parents went to work and _3_ to leave the boy at home. They _4_ some picture-books for him. But he didnt like them. He _5_ by the window and looked outside. The rain _ 6_ this morning and Mike was happy. But it was wet outside. His parents didnt let him out and play there. They asked the boy _7_ a book. But when they left, he began to play behind the house. When his parents came back _8_ lunch, they found the boy was very dirty. His mother was angry and said:“Look at your hands! How dirty they are! When did you _9_ I was so dirty like you?” “But I didnt see you when you _10_ young, mum.” said the boy.【能力提升】语法练习1. I will have a night _ this evening. Would you like to go the movie with me? A. atB. offC. onD. in2. We all had fun _ the mountain last Sunday. A. to climeB. climbC. climbingD. climbed3. How was your last vacation for Japan? _. A. Its good.B. They are boring.C. It was interesting.D. It was far away.4.