听写题源精练(tapesript).doc

听写题源精练/2011 （上外）Dictations:选材特点：年 份题 材体 裁主 题2010教 育说明文新生入学周2009文 化说明文新年前夕2008社 会说明文职业选择2007社 会说明文广告2006科 学说明文英特网2005社 会说明文手表2004社 会说明文金钱2003科 学说明文大马哈鱼2002社 会说明文正在消失的森林2001教 育议论文优秀读者的品质Dictation 1Water Pollution1）Today most water sources are so dirty / 2）that people must purify water before drinking. / Water becomes dirty in many ways: /3） industrial pollution is one of them. /4） With the development of industry, 5） plants and factories pour tons of industrial wastes into rivers every day. /6）The rivers have become seriously polluted, / 7）and the water is becoming unfit for drinking or irrigation. /8）The same thing has also happened to our seas and oceans. / 9）So, the problem of water pollution is almost worldwide. /10）Scientists of many countries have done a lot of work to stop pollution. /11）The polluted water in some places / 12） has become clean and drinkable again. /13)Perhaps one day the people in all towns and cities /14）will be drinking clean water. / 15）That day, we believe, is not very far off. /Dictation 2A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleEnglish One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation / is watching what they do with their non-working time. / Most English men, women and children love growing things, / especially flowers. / Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn / are likely to see gardens all the way along the railway lines. / there are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, / as well as in gardens along the roads. / Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. / Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes / and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. / But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. / If it is impossible to have a garden, / then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. / Looking at each others gardens is a popular pastime with the English. /Dictation 3SleepWhy is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? / There is no one answe that applies to every individual. / It is possible to feel “tired” physically and still be unable to fall asleep, / because while your body is exhausted, you do not feel sleepy. / It is not so easy to simple “turn off”. /Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. / Experts say adults need at least seven to eight hours of sleep a night to function properly. / When you get less sleep than that on consecutive three nights, / you begin to owe four “sleep debt”. / As sleep debt increases your body experiences a stress response. / Now a vicious cycle has been created: / You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, / but your body is increasingly stimulated. / “Power sleeping” for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution. / There is no substitute for getting a good nights sleep on a regular basis. / Dictation 4DramaThere are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. / The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. / The argument for this view goes as follows. / In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-/ even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, / and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. / Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated / As time passed some rituals were abandoned, / but the stories, later called myths, / persisted and provided material for art and drama. / Some people argue that those rites contained the seed of theater / because music, dance, masks and costumes were almost always used. / Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances / and when the rntire community did not participate, / a clear division was usually made between the acting area and the auditorium./Dictation 5Cartoon ArtistIn a good cartoon, the artist can tell in a few lines / as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs. / The cartoon artist not only tells a story / but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking. / He great influence on public opinion. / In a political campaign, he plays an important part. / Controversial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations / may keep the cartoon artist well-supplied with current materials. / A clever cartoon artist may cause laughter / because he often uses humor in his drawings. / If he is sketching a famous person, / he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it. / Cartoon artists, for instance, / like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already board grin. / The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across. /Dictation 6Drink to Your HealthSince all living things need it, / and it makes up two-thirds of our bodies, / it seems obvious that water is vital to our health. / Most people, however, drink fewer than the eight recommended glasses each day. / So why is drinking enough water so imprtant? / A minor water deficiency can lead to headaches, sleepiness and moodiness, / while losing a large amount of water for a long time can cause high blood of pressure / and other serious problems. / Drinking water helps our bodies in a variety of ways. / It helps us get rid of toxic substance, / which helps our kidneys to do a better job, / and it helps prevent bladder infections. / It improves digestion and helps us develop substances / that our body produces in the blood to fight diseases. / Finally, water can give our skin a healthy glow. / Drinking water throughout the day is an important habit to pick up. / For your health, give this simple substance the importance it deserves. / Dictation 7GolfIt is generally agreed that golf was first played in Scotland in the 15th century. / Its popularity spread throughout the 16th century, / and the first international golf match took place in 1682 / between players from England and Scotland. / Clubs began forming soon after, / and concrete rules of the game were established. / Golf was made an Olympic sport in 1916, / and by 1944, the equally famous PGA tour consisted of 22 events / and was held throughout the year. / These days, it is up to current stars to keep spectators glued to the TV set. / Even if you are not a big fan, / why not head off to the driving range and have a go?/ More than 23 million players exist in the United States alone, / and they are all likely to tell you the same thing about golf: / Theres nothing like it! /Dictation 8Happy Fourth of July!Most people are probably / aware of the significance of July 4 to Americans. / They might not know, however, about the origins of some of the traditions / associated with Independence Day in the United States. July 4 is, of course, a holiday from work, / and the occasion for all-day picnics in most communities. / Having eaten their fill of hot dogs, burgers, and potato salad, / everyone eagerly throws themselves into a program of often strange activities / like three-legged races and pie-eating contests. / A visitor to Boston, / a city strongly associated with the events / leading up to independence, / will certainly come away with a lasting impression of the 4th of July. / The highlight of the days celebrations / is a local orchestra playing a melody / as 150,000 spectators watch firework burst over the harbor. /Dictation 9Thanksgiving Day1）Thanksgiving Day is a legal holiday observed annually in the United States / 2）on the fourth Thursday of November. / 3）In Canada, Thanksgiving falls on the second Monday in October. / 4）Most people celebrate Thanksgiving by gathering with family or friends for a holiday feast. / 5）Thanksgiving was first celebrated by Pilgrims / 6）and native Americans in colonial New England in the early 17th century. / 7）Today Thanksgiving is mainly a celebration of domestic life, 8）centered on the home and family. / 9）Thanksgiving and parades often feature children dressed in Pilgrim costume, / 10）complete with tall hats, dark clothes, and shoes with large silver colored buckles. / 11）In keeping with the idea of celebrating a plentiful harvest, / 12）preparing and eating a large meal is a central part of most Thanksgiving celebrations. /13） The meal usually includes the pumpkin pie, cornbread, roasted turkey, etc. / 14）These simple foods recall the old virtues of the Pilgrims, / 15）emphasizing the natural gifts that greeted early settlers in their adopted homeland./Dictation 10Cell Phone DisturbanceNowadays, more people are using cell phones and there is also an increase