分词作状语的用法.docVIP

分词作状语的用法一、用作时间状语1. 典型例句 Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。2. 理解技巧：通常可转换成时间状语从句When As soon as the mouse saw the cat, it ran off. After the work was finished, he went home. 3. 高考实例When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江卷)A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared二、用作原因状语1. 典型例句Being very weak, she couldnt move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了，所以只好走路。2. 理解技巧：通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句As she was very weak, she couldnt move. Because his car was broken down, he had to walk. 3. 高考实例(1) _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川)A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face (2) _ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (2006福建卷) A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed三、用作条件状语1. 典型例句Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。2. 理解技巧：通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句If you work hard, you will succeed. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall. 3. 高考实例_ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. (2003北京春)A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given四、用作让步状语1. 典型例句Living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。2. 理解技巧：可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter等引导的让步状语从句Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 3. 高考实例No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷)A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed五、用作伴随状语1. 典型例句He sat in the chair, reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报。He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。3. 高考实例My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits. (06安徽)A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought六、用作方式状语1. 典型例句He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。Im returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作方式状语与用作伴随状语的情形比较接近。有时用作方式状语的现在分词可以转换成by doing sth的结构，如上面第一句也可换成：He earns a living by driving a truck. 七、用作结果状语1. 典型例句He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五个儿子。2. 理解技巧：通常可转换成并列句He fired and killed one of the passers-by. He died and left his wife with five children. 3. 高考实例He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (2005广东卷)A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted注意：动名词引导的结果怎样往往是意料之中、顺其自然的结果，而结果状语有时也用不定式only to do引导，这种结果往往是意想不到的。例如He hurried to the school only to find nobody there. (结果)分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式：* doing ： 用来表示主动，且前后动作同时进行。Returning home later, my friend learned that the police had been to the flat.* having done: 用来表示主动,且动作发生在主句之前。Having seen the film before, I decided not to see it again.* being done: 用来表示被动,且前后动作同时进行。Being questioned by the police, he felt frightened.* done: 用来表示被动且完成Destroyed in the storm, the house will be rebuilt.* having been done: 用来表示被动，而且强调动作持续 一段时间或次数。H