听力中中短对话解题技巧.doc

短对话解题技巧一 数字、价格计算题型 数字涉及的内容有：年代、年龄、日期、时间、价格、数量、房间号、电话号码、尺寸、大小等。 技巧1：熟悉数字读法Chinese Arabic numeralsEnglish个1,3,5one, three, five十10, 20, 30,50ten, twenty, thirty, fifty百100hundred千1,000thousand万10,000十万100,000百万1,000,000million千万10,000,000亿100,000,000十亿1,000,000,000billion百亿10,000,000,000千亿100,000,000,000万亿1,000,000,000,000trillion技巧2：熟记特殊数字表达法 quarter= 1/4half = 1/2pair = 1双 twice/ double = 2 倍 fortnight = 2星期decade =10; 10年 dozen= 12 score= 20 技巧3：熟悉年，年代，世纪读法 年: 549 B.C./A.D. (five hundred forty nine B.C./A.D.)1997 (nineteen ninety seven); 2008 (two thousand and eight)2000 (the year two thousand) 年代：the+基数词+十位数复数 e.g. 1980s/ 1980s =二十世纪八十年代 (the twenty eightys) 世纪：the + 序数词+ century技巧4：听准数字巧运算 注意：有关价格或其他运算都是简单的加减乘除，所以不必惊慌。在听到数字时要习惯性地记下，在进行运算。 有关数字/多少的表达法：more/ less than 比多/少 as much as 和一样多 half of 1/2；的一半 one third 1/3 a quarter 1/4 one in ten/ one out of ten 1/10 a pair 一双，一对 twice/ double 2 倍 times 倍 percentage/ 100 per cent 100% point 点 技巧5：熟知时间读法，巧推时间 e.g. 2:05 (five past 2 oclock; two five) 2: 55 (five to three oclock) 注意：考试中与时间有关的数字多出现5和10。如8：15 或 12: 30. 而且考有关准时得很少，一般是推迟或提前。 特殊的时间词汇: half 半(小时) ; quarter 一刻钟 表推迟的词汇短语: delay, put off, postpone, late for, behind the schedule or time 报提前的词汇短语: ahead of time/ schedule, in advance, 5 minutes earlier, still 5 minutes left二 职业、身份、关系题型提示信息：所谈论的话题、对话中的套语、讲话的语气、对话中涉及的物品等等。常涉及的身份、职业、关系：服务员& 顾客、医生&病人、师生、同学间、家长&子女、夫妻、主人&客人、邻里、警察与受害者等等。与餐厅服务员有关的词语：waiter, waitress, order, menu, tip (小费), meal, drink, food names (e.g. salad, beef, steak)服务员与顾客的对话：Can I help you? May I take your order now? What can I do for you? Is there anything I can do for you? Would you like something else? Would you like to see that in your size?医生与病人的对话：What is the matter/ wrong with you? 与教师有关的词语：lesson, class, course, credit (学分), library, quiz, exam, homework, assignment, pass, fail, marks, semester, questions主人&客人：Host: Would you like something more (to eat)? Cannot you stay any longer? Guest: No, thanks. I am full. I am afraid I have to leave. The food is really delicious. Thanks for your invitation/ the wonderful dinner.警察与受害者：对话常涉及受害者向警察描述嫌疑犯的特征。三 地点与方位题型经常考查的地点：学校，办公室，餐馆，图书馆，邮局，火车站，机场，旅店，影(剧)院, 博物馆/ 展览馆，书店，银行，街上，家里表方位的词：in, at 表方向的词：to，from, out of 注意: 做这类题要注意语言细节，抓住能代表某一地点特征的词e.g. reserve (旅店，饭馆), menu (饭店), assignment (学校), postage (邮局)某些场景中出现的词1. Restaurant: waiter, waitress, ready to order, menu; tender/ rare (嫩的), medium (半熟的); appetizer (开胃菜)，steak, mutton, shrimp (小虾)，chicken, beef, salad, sandwich, wine; fork, knife, chopsticks, spoon; toast, bottom up, cheers, reserve a table, starving; mild (味淡的), rich (油腻的)；specialty (特色菜)，it is my treat, lets go Dutch.2. School: lecturer, professor, dean; freshmen, sophomore, junior, senior; undergraduate student, postgraduate student; course, required/ compulsory course, selective/ optional course; campus, department, dormitory/ dorm, library, canteen room (食堂); thesis, paper, presentation, project, deadline; credit (学分), tuition, scholarship; term, semester; quiz, term/ final exam, graduation 3. Hotel: passport, lobby (大厅)，check in/out, luggage, single/ double room, registration form, key card, service charge, bathroom, shower, dinning room, pillow (枕头)，ashtray (烟灰缸), lamp, remote control (遥控器)，room service (送餐上门), morning call (清晨叫醒服务), reserve tickets 4. Office: boss, director, secretary, employer, employee; salary, wage, income, promotion; interviewer, interviewee, job applicant, application form, resume, credential(资格证书), qualification; send a fax(传真), letter, vacation5. Airport/ on a plane: see sb. off, have a pleasant flight/ journey, gate number, departure, arrival; flight, cancel, delay, be bound for （飞往）, check in your baggage, board, ticket, passport; first class, business class, economy class; duty- free shop, aisle (过道); fasten your safety belt; take off, land; time difference(时差); steward/stewardess (空乘人员)6. Hospital: prescribe (开处方); get a fever, toothache/ stomachache , sore throat (嗓子疼), cough, heart attack, headache, cancer, flu; take a temperature, pill (药丸), tablets, injection(注射), operation, treatment, first- aid; emergency room, physician (医师), dentist, surgeon7. Post office (邮局)：envelop, stamp, zip code(邮编), postage (邮资), telegram, package, parcel (包裹), registered letter(挂号信); ordinary mail, express mail(特快专递); overweight8. Bank: interest(利息), check, open an account (开户), deposit (存款), draw(取款), exchange (兑换), cash a cheque/check (把支票兑换成现金)；currency (流通), teller (出纳员)；ATM (自动取款机)9. Railway station: ticket office, one- way ticket/ return ticket, inquiry office, platform四 建议或请求题型1 表建议的常见句型How about? We should? Why dont you? LetsIf I were you, I will Youd better Maybe you should 2. 表请求的常见句型Would/ could you tell me? Can you? I wonder if you 注意：回答通常为肯定或否定。常为不明显的否定方式。 3表否定的词否定副词、形容词：hardly, rarely, seldom, little, few, never否定连词、代词：neither, nor, none, nothing, nobody否定词缀：im-/ in-/ ir-, un-, non-, dis-, -less其他：fail, miss, avoid, deny, refuse/ turn down, doubt, far from, anything but, instead of, rather than, no way, by no means五 逻辑推理题最常见题型：What does mean?注意：通过语音、语调、细节揣测言外之意。 升调 降调 (怀疑、否定) (肯定)六比较与选择题型 表示比较的句型短语：比较级、最高级 asas, not as/ soas, the same as superior/ senior to.(高于), inferior/ junior to(低于) prefer to would ratherthan favorite，top nothing/never better (没有比这更好的了) the last I want(最不喜欢，最不可能) not the less (同样)七行动与计划题型 第一种：同时出现几个人和几件事，听时注意分辨谁做了什么。第二种：考察句型 “have sth done” “have sb do sth”第三种：出现but