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高三英语教学要领与复习策略北京四中 李俊和 2008年3月一 高考的新变化(1)2007年有17个省市自主命题:京,津,沪,粤,浙,陕,皖,辽,川,湘,鄂,闽,赣,鲁,渝,苏,宁。全国共19份试题。(2)北京:增加93个单词 (3)全国:不变 (1984,495)(4)山东:按8级命题(3300单词) 增加题型: 阅读表达(15分)主观题2545分 paraphrase, title, blanks, opinion(10个词), translate 江苏 对话填空 10分(5) 广东:听力 有填空,听取信息(35分)单选取消,改为短文填空(部分给词)15分 完形变短,10个题 20分阅读四篇 共40分 (信息匹配,信对广告) 写作包括基础写作(五句话)15分短文写作 读信和回信 25分 (6)北京高考2008年基本不变,2010年大变。2397,415,3100(7)各地试题的共同特点:4200-700-500依据 能力 基础 阅读 语篇 思维 文化 稳定二 高三教学的基本思路:1三个原则: 实践,系统,针对2七项任务:1,2,3,4,5,6,7 阅读,背诵, 词汇语法, 听力,完形,作文,套题,。 3一条主线:阅读 开端,重点,始终4强调落实:作文,发题5 中低档题,教学难度6突出重点:练习,讲解,安排,学生,知识(动词), 词汇7六课时安排:课文2节,语法1节,阅读1节,写与听1节, 讲题1节8 帮助高三学生克服心理障碍,调整兴奋点。1 害怕艰苦 2 急于求成3 怨天尤人 4 沉于幻想5 茫无头绪 6 缺乏信心7 目光短浅 8 忧心忡忡9 自以为是 10 高枕无忧 三 最后三个月教学任务阅读150 + 套题30 完形30 听力30 作文301 做高考题(65)- 少弄模拟题2 弄词汇表- 少弄课外词(课本知识)3 让学生练- 少讲语法知识(做题与不做题)4 做一般题- 少钻研难题(253-352)成功率,基础题反复做5 练阅读完形- 少做单选(每日读五篇,后期完形,不带)6 背句型短语-少思考(背四项 句子,六篇短文,错题,词汇表)7 研究答题规律- 少猜题押题 (四个小本:句、错、语法、随)8 给学生一点自由-少包办代替,兴奋点转移9 鼓励- 少泄气 (生活在鼓励中)四 如何抓阅读 15条1 量 2 2分之1 泛读 3 2分之1精读 4 难度 2200-60- 5 材料 65套 21世纪报,快速阅读 6 课上得方法、 限定时间 7 课外有任务 8 抓整体理解 9 习惯 10 七个语言难点 (句,词,后,代,连,省,动)11 扩大词汇 构词法 12 兴趣(心灵鸡汤)13 答题规律 如何答概括中心题:太大太小太胡说 首句尾句 如何答推理判断题: 没有明说,原文有依据 14 五篇(43521)、四类问题(5753)、 后做、 35分钟15 以身作则 (15分钟,出门)附阅读教学材料:1、 常考问题总结:主旨大意题1. The story mainly tells us _.2. From the passage we know that _.3. The writer wants to tell us _.4. The best title of this passage should be _.5. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is _.6. Paragraph 2 deals with _.7. The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on _.8. What is the subject discussed in the text?9. Whish of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?细节理解题1 What is the book about?2 When did the man come back?3. The right order which gives us examples is _.4. Choose the right order of the events given in the following.5. Which of the following maps shows the right position of .?6. Which statement is true?推理判断题1. We can infer from the passage _.2. From the passage, we can tell _.3. We can conclude from the passage _.4. What probably happened in the end?5. When he said, “”, he meant _.6. This passage would most likely to be found in _.7. When the writer says he really means _.8. The authors attitude to is that _.9. What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage?10. The writers purpose in writing this article is _.猜测词义句义题1. The word in paragraph refers to _.2. The underlined word “” means _.3. The word “” could be replaced by _.4. Which of the following words can take the place of ?2 长句分析 It is probably not by chance that young people in different parts of the world today try to start a movement of struggle and pressure which is shaking governments and attempting to put new values in practice in a world which they consider as unfair or even as horrible as the rule by Hitler.Many people find it helpful to plan each week a seven day timetable showing the occasions on which they will be working privately and the particular subjects that they will be studying on each occasion as a result of great pressure they face with the rapid development of modern industry and agriculture.构词法知识 prefix前缀 dis- dislike,disagree,disappear,disbelievein- informal, independent, incorrect, incompletere- remarry, retell, rewrite, reconsiderun- unable, uncertain, unsafe, unfairnon- non-smoker, non-violent, non-stopsuffix 后缀-able acceptable, suitable-al national, natural, arrival-an American, Australian-ful hopeful, forgetful, mouthful-ive creative, effective-er farmer, writer, villager-ese Chinese, Japanese-ist pianist, socialist-ment movement, excitement, equipment-ness happiness, illness, carelessness-tion collection, liberation, explanation-fy beautify, simplify-ian musician, Asian-ing feeling, exciting, building-ise/-ize apologise, realize, modernize-ly carefully, truly, completely-teen thirteen, fifteen, fourteen五 如何抓写作 16条1、 量 2、 课上练 (课上15分钟小作文)3、 小词小句 4、 5个重点错 (s, s, ed, is(are), 顺序)5、 汉译英 6、 简单句 地道句 复杂句7、 10个复杂结构 (so that, 被动,倒,强,虚,比,定,名,非,无生命)8、 30个常用连词 9、 语法落实到写作11、 随笔 12、 好句子 13、 抄短文 14、 参考答案 15、 背诵 16、 真改假改面批17、应试指导(15点)六类,审题、内容, 120词, 署名, 对象, 目的,格式,书写,时态,首句,尾句、闪光,草稿,复核。 附录:写作教学材料 写作中的30个关联词语:1. to tell the truth 2. last but not least3. on the contrary 4. that is5. rather than 6. after a while7. later on 8. in the end9. at first 10. by the side of11. in the middle of 12. next to13. in addition 14. in general15. in short 16. so long as17. to begin with 18. in case19. whats more 20. on one hand21. on the other hand 22. as a matter of fact23. as a result 24. believe it or not25. in a word 26. in other words27. as well as 28. generally speaking29. in my opinion 30. so far as I know复杂结构举例:1. The man was very disappointed. He didnt know what to say.2. This is the room. I used to stay there.3. I picked up the book in the shop at the corner .4. This is the best film I have ever seen.5. They realized it only after they got the news.6. I am sorry I missed the train last night.7. When he stayed indoors, the door was closed.8. After he had finished his homework , he went out to have a rest.9. The teacher asked everyone to hand in homework on time.10. New China was founded in 1949.语法正确,不合习惯的句子1 My money is very little.2 My money is more than yours.3 People in my family are more than those in yours.4 I teach better than he.5 In a word, I think the plan is not good.6 May I borrow your telephone?7 Your telephone, please answer it.8 That he is ill is certain.9 After having dinner, I went out to have a walk. 10I hope you to work hard at English.11Whom do you think has left the lights on?12I wont stay until he comes back.13Who is that tall man who is standing there?14The price of the book is too expensive.15Would you mind my opening the door? Yes, please do it.16Everyone of us was excited at the news.17All his hands were badly injured.18Swimming is my most favorite sport.19The little girl ran out from the tree.20Please tell me how long she has got married.作文重点句型:一对比议论:1、我同意这个计划。I am _ the plan. 2、首先,建工厂会给人们提供不同的工作。_ , the building of the factory will provide people with different jobs.3、其次,它可以省许多钱。_ , it can save a lot of money. 4、最后,它不会对环境有太大危害。_ , it wont do much harm to the environment.5、我反对这个计划。I dont agree _ the plan.(be against) 6、总之,我们认为这不是个好计划。_, we dont think it a good plan.7、在我看来,它不值得做。_ that it is not worth doing. 8. 学生的观点不一致。 Opinions are _ among the students. Some think it is good, _ believe it is poor.二 图画图表说明1、这幅图画描写了我们的学校生活。This is a _ of our school life.2、有一个男孩站在那儿。There is a boy _ there.3、有一些学生在打篮球。_ are playing basketball.4、百分之八十的学生喜欢校服。Eighty percent _ like school uniforms.5、三分之一的学生住得离学校近。_ of the students live near their school.6、一半多学生要花50分钟才能到学校。_ of the students spend 50 minutes on the way to school.7、2008年,这个城市将会有三百万辆汽车。There _ 3 million cars in the city in 2008.8 自从1990年以来汽车的数量翻了一番。The number of cars has _ since 1990.三 地方介绍1、学校的中央有一座教学楼。There is a teaching building in _ of the school.2、楼的南边有一个游泳池。A swimming pool _ the south of the building.3、楼的后面有许多树。There are many trees _ the building.4、楼的前边有一个小花园。_ the building is a small garden.5、楼的对面是宿舍。_ the building is a dorm.6、宿舍的旁边是食堂。Beside the dorm _ the dining hall.7、厨房和客厅挨着。The kitchen stands _ the living room.8、墙上挂着一张世界地图。A map of the world _ on the wall.四 人物介绍1、他们雇了一个叫汤姆的人。They hired a person named Tom.2、他高个子,大眼睛。He is a tall man with big eyes.3、他擅长英语。He is good at English.4、他闲暇时经常听音乐。He usually listens to music in his spare time.5、他的爱好是篮球。Basketball is his hobby.6、他毕业于第八中学。He graduated from No. 8 Middle School.7、他曾获英语竞赛第一名。He once got the first place in the English competition.8、他友善并且随和。He is kind and easy-going.9、他经常帮我们学英语。He often helps us with our English.10、他被认为是最好的学生之一。He is regarded as one of the best students.五 活动安排1、我们早上7点在校门口集合。We will gather at the school gate at seven in the morning.2、我们7:30出发。We will set off at 7:30.3、我们将乘公共汽车去。We will go there by bus.4、在那儿的饭店吃午饭。Lunch will be served in the restaurant there.5、我们将参观那儿的工厂和学校。We will visit the factories and schools there.6、然后,我们将和当地的农民聊天。After that, we will chat with the farmers there.7、一个小时后,我们去钓鱼。An hour later, we will go fishing.8、我将全程陪同。I will be in your company all the way. 六 叙述事件与写信1、故事发生在伦敦。The story happened in London.2、起初,他没看见那个人。At first, he didnt see the man.3、然后,他走到汽车那儿。Then he went over to the bus.4、过了一会儿,他上了小汽车。After a little while, he got on the car.5、后来,他掏出了枪。Later on he took out his gun.6、最后,他被捕了。At last, he was arrested.7、最终,学生们成功了。In the end, the students succeeded. 8、今天下午3点在图书馆有一个讲座。We are going to have a lecture in the library at 3:00 this afternoon.9、我写信是要告诉你一个好消息。I am writing to tell you a piece of good news.10、希望早日收到你的回复。I am looking forward to your early reply.六 听力(1)对话内容:看、安、购、病、餐、路、助、旅、住、电(2)重点问题:题、关、态、顺、算、原、结、时、地、职(3)热(2点半背) (4)先看 (5)记 (6)重 (7)短文 (8)顺 (9)两 (10)调 (11)电 (12)不选D (13)心理 (14)2用,不可逆转,用语man,what为主(15)及时填涂,就地回查。(16)朗读 (17)录 (18)精泛 七 单选单项填空应试注意:(1)四 (2)动(3)怪 (4)审 (5)两 (6)疑(7)被 (8)省 (9)替 (10)时 (11)排 (12)情 (13)意 (14)快 10分钟 (15)弃 (16)适 (17)中 (18)记(19)动 (20)背 (21) 试题分布:冠 交际 代词 情态 形容词 介词 倒装强调 动词辨析 短语动词 从句 时态语态3 非谓语1-2(22)还原法(被动,强调,倒装,虚拟,疑问,省略)(23)单选辩论:语法,搭配,语境,短语句型,增词减词,固定用法)动词时态常考点:1 I have lived here since he came.2 Have been to, have gone to3 Ever since, so far, up to now4 By the end of last yearBefore he came5 Where have you put my pen?I put it on the table.6 I had hoped, I had thought7 I wasnt listening, We were building a school last year.8 I dont know if he will come.9 条件句: if, unless, when, until, before,as soon as, so long as, the momentimmediately, in case10 He is always standing there11 Be about to do 12 Its going to rain. I will be 18.13 Sell well14 Have been doing15 Hardly. when, no sooner. than16 He got up, cleaned the room and went out.八 完形填空1完形填空用时20-25 分钟。四项技能。7643。2 粗读, 第一句, 最后一句,第一遍,连接词, 脉络(豁然开朗,雾里看花)3 后线索,顺序,最佳,5A5B5C5D4 搭配 动名 名介。5 42-50题。6 不带选项的完形填空。后期集中练。做完形填空题判断的依据:1、环境线索Im tired of sea food, so I didnt eat much _ that day.A. vegetables B. flounder(比目鱼)2、因果线索He was badly ill, so he was _.A. present B. absent3、转折线索He was badly ill, however, he was _.A. present B. absent4、让步线索He didnt _ the test, though he worked hard.A. pass B. fail5、顺序线索After he wrote the letter, she _ it and then _ it.A. posted/ signed B. signed/ posted6、用途线索I like my _, which gives me great help in the rain.A. umbrella B. bike C. pot7、反义词线索He used to be lazy. But now he is quite _.A. hardworking B. handsome8、同义词线索He made a lot of mistakes in the last test This time we can still find _ a few in his paper.A. quite B. only9、比较线索We are shorter than he, so he is the _ among us.A. tallest B. shortest10、一般个别线索He is very clever, so he _ get the answer.A. can B. cant九、短文改错(一) 考什么(1)110词 (2)第一人称 (3)十行,11词(4)分布(一三六) (5)逻辑 (6)记叙文(7)重点错误10条1、and与but 2、名词单复数3、人称代词乱用 4、逻辑推理错5、动词加s 6、动词加ed7、sothat 8、which与where9、because, though 10、careful与carefully(8)次重点错误20条 1、性别 2、2与3 3、不定代词 4、a与the 5、被动 6、主谓一致 7、what与that 8、介词in, at, of, to from 9、省略 10、I want go 11、make sb. to do 12、be afraid of go 13、with与without 14、tall与taller 15、because of 16、as与like 17、when与while 18、ago与before 19、neithernor 20、fortunately, unfortunately(二) 应试要点(1)粗看 (2)一行看三行 (3)一行想全文(4)一个词 (5)画线 (6)结构(7) 二定一 (8)复核(三) 备考措施(1)语法知识 (2)词语 (3)观察(4)写作 (5)后期练十 转变观念,跟上时代( 上课20条)第1条 转变观念,跟上时代1) 教师观A 育人, 演讲,组织者,监督,参与。与学生共同发展。B 不唯书,不唯上,只唯实C 最合适的方法:新观念与老传统相结合的方法。为用而学,在用中学。新的:重视听说,实际运用,师生互动,自主学习,任务型。旧的;背诵,语法分析,汉译英,听写,领读等。D 新课标新在何处: 十三个变化:运用(理论), 互动(演讲) 学生自主(教师安排) 听说读写(书面)基础知识(难怪) 鼓励(批评) 差异(统一) 多种手段(粉笔)单一教材(校本) 兴趣情感 (刻苦)日常考核(一次考试) 文化素质(语言)行政手段 (教师为主)2)学生观 A 英语水平有变化,某方面比教师强 B所有学生都是人才, 多元智能(语言,逻辑,数学,视觉,音乐,动手,交际,心理控制)。C 师生的平等意识。共同发展。学生培养老师。3) 评价观一次考试定终身,背诵,作业,课上表现。 第2条 教师的英语能力 学习型,学者型教师1)听说能力。阅读能力。写作能力。大学毕业水平。危机感。2)读书15分钟。出门带本书。看盘 越狱,24。说半句话。3)写300-500字反思。第3条 教师的英语知识1)语法条条背着讲,2)500组辨析不用查。3)100个小包装。4)会编练习。有自己的题库。5)熟知英美国情。跨学科知识。第4条 备课与教科研 1)听说课 阅读课 写作课 语法课 习题课 掌握几套方法阅读课9步:自己看,听录音,正误判断,简单问答,难点讨论(结构和词汇),长句分析,复杂问答,当堂泛读,课后阅读指导(课上得方法,课下得能力)。 2)集体备课,与人商量,教研活动。3)看专家文章,看经验总结,热心听课。4)教书匠。 教科研 标准(好用,好操作,好懂),行动研究,但是现在无论写论文,公开课都有作秀的意味, 形式多于内容。5)好课观 主动上公开课,展示的机会越多,提高越快。A三个为主 (英语, 活动, 学生) B 教师的口语能力,知识水平,组织才能。 C 学生 积极性,水平,广泛性。 D活动 内容(贴近),难度,形式 (任务型)。 对评课活动的反思:A 正面为主,(善意阳光,恶意阴暗)B 模糊评价,要素为主C 允许不同,教无定法D 反对形式主义 (提问,流畅)豪华型E 快文化倾向 造星运动(超级教师)6)我们的研究:背新概念,高二抓阅读,AB分组,应试平均分布,听力电话,高考第四篇第5条 熟悉初高中教材, 熟悉中高考(数字统计)1)熟读新课标,记住任务。2)高一看高三,高一高二素质教育,水到渠成。3)研究试题:2397,720500个,43521,答案平均分布,首句, 单选3-2-10,阅读问题6752 太大太小太胡说具体技术,教学有法,教无定法 课堂主要场所,落实新课标主要表现在课堂教学的改进上。从每一个环节入手, 提高课堂效率。把每一件简单的事办好,就是不简单。 例 刚到四中时,内蒙的做法,补课 批评,低效率的敬业不足取第6条 会导入导入的作用:好的开始,吸引注意,启发思考,形成共鸣。 导入的原则:贴近现实,贴近学生,结合教材。导入的方法:例如healthy food, 7个方法:写标题, 打开书, ppt, 问题引入, 旧知识引入, 简笔画引入, 以身说法,贾巍 老师从爱吃什么说起第7条会抓重点 1)何为重点:核心知识,关键技能,主要方法2)教材的重点,本节课的重点,顾了热闹,顾了知识,忽略了重点。3)上课方式 三个为主 ( 英语,学生,活动)。 依据:三个不等于 (知识能力,讲了懂了,懂了会了)。吵架。 体育课模式,三比一。4) 教学重点 模仿为主,理解为辅,语言学是模糊学。语言经验和感觉。 单选过分重视,四中学生。5)高三重点 练,阅读,中低档题,选题,讲题,学生 第8条把握难度 1) 知识的多少,技能的难易,训练的快慢2)照顾多数学生,适当关照特殊学生。尖子给政策。差生课外辅导。3)难度合适的标准:共鸣,学生注意力集中,参与活动。4)越难越好不对。例 使用他人试题,公开课为难学生第9条会灵活处理教材,会使用教辅材料。1)完全照本宣科,不是好教师。有增加,有删减,有重组。2)条条大路通罗马,哪本教材也高考3)新教材的不足:语言不美,语法零散,练习深浅不一,表与图太多。4)我们的处理办法:文章有的精讲,有的泛读。语法适时总结。练习有的填空
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