反意问句用法归纳.doc

反意问句用法归纳反意问句由二部分构成 ，即陈述句 反问句 ，在形式上通常遵循前肯定后否定或前否定后肯定以及反问句的主 、谓须与陈述句主 、谓相一致的原则 。但在实际运用中 ，反意问句具有很大的灵活性与特殊性 。归纳起来有以下三种情况需要重视：主语的变化1 . 陈述部分主语是 everything , nothing , anything , something ,反问句主语用 it .Nothing is too easy in the world , is it ?Something is wrong with your recorder , isnt it ?2 . 陈述部分主语是 everybody , everyone , somebody , someone ,anybldy , anyone , nobody , none , no none , neither , each 等,反问句主语用 they 强调整体。Everyone enjoyed the party , didnt they ?Neither side couldnt win , could they ?No one knows what has happened , do they ?Each of the students passed the exam , didnt they ?如果强调个体，则用 he 代替 they。Each of them has a dictionary , hasnt he ?Someone is waiting for you , isnt he ?none of 后接单数名词或代词或接不可数名词，反问句主语用 it .None of it is hers , is it ?None of his money is left , is it ?3 . 陈述部分主语为 this , that , 反问句主语用 it ，陈述部分主语为these , those ，反问句主语用 they .This is your new bike , isnt it ?These are your friends , arent they ?4 . 陈述部分主语为 one ，反问句主语可为 one , 也可为 you .One cant be too careful , can you ?One should be ready to help others , shouldnt one ?5 . 陈述部分主语为主语从句 ，不定式短语 ，动名词短语 ，反问句主语用 it .What you need is more time , isnt it ?Skating on real ice is great fun , isnt it ?How to do the work doesnt matter , does it ?6 . 陈述部分用 There be 主语 句式 ，反问句用 there 作主语 。There will be an exhibition tomorrow , wont there ?There seems to be a little hope about it , doesnt there ?谓语的变化1 . 陈述部分含 must 情态动词，反问句谓语须根据其不同的意思而确定。1 ) must 表“一定要”，“必须”，反问句谓语用 neednt ,间或用 mustnt .You must leave for Beijing next week , neednt you ?He must work hard at his subjects , mustnt he ?2 ) must 表 “ 一定是 ”“ 肯定是 ”，反问句谓语须根据其后的原形动词选用相对应的形式。You must have told him that , havent you ?He must have seen the film yesterday , didnt he ?She must be at the office , isnt she ?They must be having a meeting now , arent they ?2 . 陈述部分用 had better ，反问句谓语多用 shouldnt ，间或也用hadnt .We had better stop the discussion , shouldnt we ?Youd better turn to your teacher for help , hadnt you ?3 . 陈述部分谓语用 have ，反问句谓语须根据其意义确定。1 ) 表 拥有 , 反问句谓语用 have 或 do .You have a new dictionary , havent you ?He has a foreign friend , doesnt he ?陈述部分是否定形式 ，反问句谓语用 have 或 do 取决于陈述部分的谓语形式。He hasnt a lot of time to spare , has he ?You dont have anything to say , do you ?2 ) have 表其他意思 , 反问句谓语多用 dont , 间或也用 havent .Jack has to go therer on foot , doesnt we ?3 ) 陈述部分含have to结构，反问句谓语多用 dont ,间或也用 havent .Jack has to go there on foot , doesnt he ?We have to get up early , havent we ?当 have to 被 have got to 取代时，反问句谓语须用 have .We have got to answer all these questions , havent we ?4 . 陈述部分谓语用 used to 结构，反问句谓语用 didnt 或 usednt 或used 主 not .They used to live in the city , usednt they ?He used to get up very early , didnt he ?You used to play football , used you not ?5 . 陈述部分用 I am . 结构 ，反问句谓语用 arent 或 aint 或 am I not .I am your friend , am I not ?I am have on time , arent / aint I ?句子结构的变化1 . 感叹句附加反问句 ，其反问句一般使用否定式。What fine weather , isnt it ?How hard she works , doesnt she ?How clever the boy is , isnt he ?2 . 陈述部分用 I wish . 结构 ，反问句常用 may I 形式 。I wish I had met him , may I ?I wish I were a birk , may I ?3 . 祈使句附加反问句分下面几种情况 :1 ) 肯定祈使句 will you ? 多表“ 请求 ”。Come here early next time , will you ?肯定祈使句 wont you ? 多表“ 提醒注意 ”。Listen to me attentively , wont you ?表邀请 ，请求多用 will you ，但也可根据需要选用其他形式。Sing us a song , would you ?Turn off the light , wont you ?表提醒某人做某事 ，除 wont you 外 ，还可用 would you ,can you 等。Do write down your name have , would you ?Stop talking , can you ?2 ) 否定祈使句 will you 或 can you ?Dont be late again , will you ?Dont make a noise , can you ?但在否定祈使句后不能使用 wont you .3 ) Lets . + shall we 或 shant we ?Lets begin our class , shall we ?Lets get down to our business , shant we ?而 Let us / me / him . , 则应用 will / wont you ?Let me have a try , will you ?Let us have a rest , wont you ?4 ) 陈述部分含有 few , little , seldom , havdly , never , not , no , no one ,nobody , nothing , none , neither 等 ，反问句应用肯定结构 。He seldom comes here , does he ?You know little French , do you ?但当这些否定 、半否定意义的词在陈述部分作宾语时 ，反问句间或也用否定结构 。He has nothing to do now , doesnt he ?5 ) 陈述部分所含的否定词是加前缀或后缀所构成的 ，反问句要用否定结构 。He is quite careless , isnt he ? It is unfair , isnt it ?6 ) 陈述部分用 I ( We ) think / suppose / believe / imagine . 等接that 从句 ，反问句应与从句的主 、谓语保持一致 ，但应注意否定的转移 。I think hell be back in 3 days , wont he ?I dont believe that they have known it , have they ?7 ) 陈述部分用 neither . nor . , both . and . , 连接二个主语，反问句主语常用复数。Neither you nor I am wrong , are we ?Both Tom and Mary are new here , arent they ?8 ) 陈述部分用 too . to . , 表 “ 太 以致不能