完形2生活感悟类完形填空题解题指导与训练(2p).doc

生活感悟类完形填空解题指导与训练资料来源：广东教育高中2008年第12期广东实验中学 黄卓琳一、文章特点生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。有时故事的结尾会有一句“点睛之笔”，点出全文的中心思想，就像伊索寓言里的寓言一样。还可能是夹叙夹议的哲理散文或生活随笔。散文随笔通常会阐述一种朴素易懂，耳熟能详的人生道理或宝贵品质。文章的结构和议论文类似，一般是总分总或总分结构。每段首句或尾句为主题句（论点），其它句子围绕主题展开论述（论据），论证方法多种多样，或举例，或引用名言，或正反对照等。二、解题技巧针对生活感悟类文章的特点，做这类文章的完形填空时，要特别注意以下几点：1. 重点理解全文的首句。如果是记叙文，找出when, where, who, what等基本要素。如果是散文随笔，充分理解文章的中心句全文的主题。2. 阅读全文的结尾段或结尾句，有助于理解文章所阐述或蕴含的哲理、感悟或忠告等。3. 调动自己的背景知识和情感。这类文章不会讲大道理也不会涉及到一些很专业的知识技术领域，而是谈一些小事和简单的道理，所以如果读者能和作者产生感情上的共鸣，读者会更好地把握作者的意图态度，从而提高做题的准确度。因此，考生在平时要做一个有心人，即用心去感悟生活中发生的小事，思考人生的一些基本道理，多阅读一些短小精悍的美文，多写写自己的心情故事和对生活学习的感悟。只有平时多用心，做题时才能调动自己的背景知识和情感。其它解题技巧，如单词复现，研读上下文，注意标志性的连词等，因为是所有类型完形填空所共有的特征，在此就不再赘述。三、实例分析There are many men and women who have faced bad fortune in their lives and achieved success in spite of it.In 1869, a Civil War veteran named Major Powell was determined to be the first man to _21_ the full length of that vast river of the Grand Canyon. He headed out with three boats and nine other men. It was against the _22_ of the Native Americans who predicted a certain death.At one _23_ the rapids became so strong that three in his party left and began to walk to civilization. The three men tried to _24_Major Powell to quit the river. “We surely will die if we dont quit this journey.” they said. _25_only they died. They left at what is now known as separation canyon and were never heard from again, while Powell and his group _26_. As it turned out the remaining group had only two more sets of _27_ to conquer before the waters _28_ and they made it all the way. Everything can look like a(n) _29_ in the beginning and the middle. That perception becomes _30_ only when you quit before youve succeeded. 21. A. measure B. explore C. experience D. tour22. A. rights B. laws C. gods D. advice23. A. point B. moment C. occasion D. time24. A. stop B. help C. convince D. threaten25. A. Strangely B. Fortunately C. Ironically D. Obviously26. A. survived B. escaped C. disappeared D. continued27. A. bends B. rapids C. rivers D. dangers28. A. froze B. widened C. separatedD. calmed29. A. mystery B. success C. failureD. illusion30. A. dream B. reality C. understandingD. difficulty答案与解析：本文通过讲述美国内战老兵鲍威尔少校和他的朋友在大峡谷河流中探险的故事，告诉读者当面临困境时，不要轻言放弃，胜利属于坚持到最后的人。21. B。结合前句的“the first man”（第一人）可知，本句意为“去大峡谷河流中进行全程探险（explore）”。22. D。结合后面的who predicted a certain death，所以是印第安人善意的建议（advice）。23. A。 表示“在某个地方”，是at one point。24. C。从后文那三个人的话，可知此处是“说服（convince）”鲍威尔少校放弃。25. C。从后文故事的发展，尤其是while （然而）说明此处是“很有讽刺意味的(ironically)”。26. A。和前文died构成反义词的是survived。27. B。从第三段第一句中的rapids可知此处是单词复现。28. D。从第三段第一句中的“so strong”可知此处是激流变得缓和平静（calmed）。29. C。呼应文章首句，也可以从文章的最后一句中before youve succeeded可知，此处是是成功的反义词“失败(failure)”。30. B。只有在你放弃时，这种理解才会成为现实(reality)。四、即时练习(1)Setting goals have many benefits. If it is so _21_to set goals then why dont more people set goals?The first reason people dont set goals is that they have not yet accepted personal _22_ for their lives. The starting point of all greatness of all personal success is the acceptance of 100 percent responsibility for your life. Until you have claimed total and unconditional responsibility for everything that happens in your life, you will never be _23_ about goal setting. The irresponsible person _24_ that because some events are out of their control (such as weather, the stock market, or the death of a loved one), all things must be out of our control. So if things are out of our control why bother trying to control them? It is a lot _25_ to make excuses and put the _26_ for a mediocre(平庸的) life on someone else. Emerson said, “No one can _27_ you out of ultimate success but yourself.” God has given us the freedom of choice and we will go nowhere until and unless we accept _28_and unqualified responsibility for our life. The _29_ in life do not go to those who have been treated fairly, but those who have _30_accepted responsibility.21. A. important B. necessary C. beneficial D. useful22. A. pursuit B. aim C. project D. responsibility23. A. serious B. careful C. concerned D. fearful24. A. claims B. reasons C. replies D. clarifies25. A. harder B. easier C. better D. plainer26. A. burden B. responsibility C. blame D. trouble27. A. help B. rescue C. cheat D. get28. A. limited B. complete C. selflessD. personal29. A. problems B. qualities C. values D. prizes30. A. maturely B. easily C. immediatelyD. eventually (2)In April 2004, Brittany, 13, and her brother Robbie, 12, learned about a Massachusetts soldier serving in Iraq whose phone bill was almost $8,000 from all the calls to and from home. “We didnt think it was _21_that our troops had to pay to call home,” Brittany says. So she and Robbie _22_ their piggy banks, asked friends in their neighborhood of Norwell, Mass. for contributions and opened an account at a nearby bank with the $21 they _23_. _24_by their sincerity, the bank gave them a $500 contribution, which helped _25_ a program they called Cell Phones for Soldiers. Four years later, the siblings(兄妹) have raised nearly $2 million from donations and the sale of recycled cell phones to purchase more than 400,000 prepaid calling cards, which _26_ soldiers to place calls without any _27_. What _28_the siblings? “Receiving letters and e-mails of _29_ from soldiers, hearing that you are their hero,” Brittany says. And Robbie says. “It is knowing Im helping soldiers and their loved ones keep in _30_that keeps me going.” 21. A. sensible B. right C. worthwhile D. cheap22. A. sold B. emptied C. found D. opened23. A. collected B. earned C. donatedD. stole24. A. Interested B. Convinced C. AstonishedD. Impressed25. A. launch B. design C. advertiseD. run26. A. inspire B. allow C. get D. persuade27. A. thinking B. difficulties C. chargesD. hesitation28. A. makes B. forces C. holdsD. motivates29. A. compliments B. praises C. thanksD. misunderstandings30. A. mind B. connection C. sight D. touch答案与简析(1)本文阐述了很多人不愿设立目标的首要原因是因为他们不愿意为自己的人生承担100的责任。如果总是为自己平庸的生活找各种借口，这种人是不会成功的。21. C。结合前句的benefit可知，此处是同根词beneficial。22. D。从后文多处可知此处是填“责任（responsibility）”。23. A。从上下文可知此处是指“严肃（serious）”对待树立目标一事。24. B。后文在解释原因，所以此处的动词是reason (解释原因)。25. B。从前文的bother一词可知此处是“更容易（easier）”。26. C。和前文的make exc